Cited by 1,505Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchGenetics and Neurodevelopmental DisordersChild Nutrition and Feeding Issues

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 86 of the 86 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Epidemiological Surveys of Autism and Other Pervasive Developmental Disorders: An Update

Fombonne, Eric·2003·Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Abstract

This paper was commissioned by the committee on the Effectiveness of Early Education in Autism of the National Research Council (NRC). It provides a review of epidemiological studies of pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) which updates a previously published article (The epidemiology of autism: a review. Psychological Medicine 1999; 29: 769-786). The design, sample characteristics of 32 surveys published between 1966 and 2001 are described. Recent surveys suggest that the rate for all forms of PDDs are around 30/10,000 but more recent surveys suggest that the estimate might be as high as 60/10,000. The rate for Asperger disorder is not well established, and a conservative figure is 2.5/10,000. Childhood disintegrative disorder is extremely rare with a pooled estimate across studies of 0.2/10,000. A detailed discussion of the possible interpretations of trends over time in prevalence rates is provided. There is evidence that changes in case definition and improved awareness explain much of the upward trend of rates in recent decades. However, available epidemiological surveys do not provide an adequate test of the hypothesis of a changing incidence of PDDs.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1023/a:1025054610557

Cites

86 of 86 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Show all 86 references

Research works printed but not linked: 14

  1. Aussilloux, C., Collery, F., & Roy, J. (1989). Epidémiologie de l'autisme infantile dans le département de l'Hérault. Revue Française de Psychiatric, 7, 6 24–28.
  2. Bohman, M., Bohman, I. L., Björck, P. O., & Sjöholm, E. (1983). Childhood psychosis in a northern Swedish county: some preliminary findings from an epidemiological survey in Epidemiological Approaches in Child Psychiatry, pp. 164–173, M. H. Schmidt & H. Remschmidt (Eds), Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart.
  3. Day, J. C. (1996). Population projections of the United States by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin: 1995 to 2050. US Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, P25–1130, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
  4. Haga, H., & Miyamoya, Y. (1971). A survey on the actual state of so-called autistic children in Kyoto prefecture. Japanese Journal of Child Psychiatry, 12 160–167.
  5. Hoshino, Y., Yashima, Y., Ishige, K., Tachibana, R., Watanabe, M., Kancki, M., Kumashiro, H., Ueno, B., Takahashi, E., & Furukawa, H. (1982). The epidemiological study of autism in FukushimaKen. Folia Psychiatrica et Neurologica Japonica, 36 115–124.
  6. Ishii, T., & Takahashi, O. (1983). The epidemiology of autistic children in Toyota, Japan: Prevalence. Japanese Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 24 311–321.
  7. Kaye, J. A., Melero-Montes, M. M., & Jick, H. (2001). British Medical Journal 322: 0–2.
  8. Kulldorff, M. (1999). Statistical evaluation of disease cluster alarms. In: A. B. Lawson et al. (Eds): Disease mapping and risk assessment for public health. Wiley & Sons, Chichester, pp. 143–149.
  9. Lawson, A., Biggeri, A., Bohning, D., Lesaffre, E., Viel, J.-F., & Bertollini, R. (1999). Disease mapping and risk assessment for public health. Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
  10. Magnusson, G. T. (1977). Athugun á gedveikum bornum á íslandi: Born faedd 1964–1973. [An investigation of psychotic children in Iceland: Children born 1964–1973]. Laeknabladid 63, 237–243.
  11. Nakai, M. (1971). Epidemiology of autistic children in Gifu-Ken. Japanese Journal of Child Psychiatry, 12 262–266.
  12. Powell, J., Edwards, A., Edwards, M., et al. (2000). Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 42 624–628.
  13. Rumeau-Rouquette, C., du Mazaubrun, C., Verrier, A., Mlika, A., Bréart, G., Goujard, J., & Fombonne, E. (1994). Prévalence des handicaps: évolution dans trois générations d'enfants 1972, 1976, 1981. Paris, Editions INSERM.
  14. Zahner, G. E. P., & Pauls, D. L. (1987). Epidemiological surveys of infantile autism. In: Handbook of Autism and Pervasive and Developmental Disorders, pp. 199–207, D. J. Cohen, A. M. Donnellan, & R. Paul (eds.). Wiley and Sons, New York.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 801–900 of 1,001

Metadata

Authors
Fombonne, E.
Affiliations
Montreal Children's Hospital (CA)
Corresponding author
Fombonne, Eric
Venue
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
Published
2003-08
Volume
33
Issue
4
Pages
365-382
ISSN
  • 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-3432
OpenAlex
W1555175985
Cited by
1,505
References
86
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 53 · 2017: 67 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 74 · 2014: 103 · 2013: 109 · 2012: 90
FWCI
33.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, pervasive developmental disorders, prevalence, epidemiological survey, Asperger syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, incidence trends, case definition, diagnostic awareness
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Autistic Disorder, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Female, Health Services Needs and Demand, Health Surveys, Humans, Infant, Male, Early Intervention, Educational

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review