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Time-Based Measures of Monitoring in Association With Executive Functions in Kindergarten Children
Abstract
Abstract. Repeatedly, the notion has been put forward that metacognition (MC) and executive functions (EF) share common grounds, as both describe higher order cognitive processes and involve monitoring. However, only few studies addressed this issue empirically and so far their findings are rather inconsistent. Addressing the question whether measurement differences may in part be responsible for the mixed results, the current study included explicitly reported as well as time-based measures of metacognitive monitoring and related them to EF. A total of 202 children aged 4–6 years were assessed in terms of EF (inhibition, working memory, shifting) and monitoring. While there was no significant link between explicitly reported confidence and EF, latencies of monitoring judgments were significantly related to time- and accuracy-based measures of EF. Our findings support the association between EF and MC and the assumption that better inhibition abilities help children to engage in more thorough monitoring.
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Inhibition is significantly correlated with latencies of monitoring judgments for correct and incorrect answers in 4- to 6-year-old children, even after controlling for age.
“Inhibition was found to be significantly correlated to the latencies of monitoring judgments for correct and incorrect answers, even after controlling for age.”
From Longitudinal associations between executive functions and metacognitive monitoring in 5- to 8-year-olds (2022) · cites this paper as Kälin & Roebers (2020)
Based on the significant association between inhibition and time-based monitoring measures, Kälin & Roebers (2020) suggested that better inhibition skills may help children hesitate when providing monitoring judgments and thus enable children to engage in more thorough monitoring.
“Based on the significant association between inhibition and time-based monitoring measures, Kälin & Roebers (2020) suggested that better inhibition skills may help children hesitate when providing monitoring judgments and thus enable children to engage in more thorough monitoring.”
From Longitudinal associations between executive functions and metacognitive monitoring in 5- to 8-year-olds (2022) · cites this paper as Kälin & Roebers (2020)
Previous research provided correlational evidence that inhibition might serve as a prerequisite of monitoring skills in young children.
“Previous research provided correlational evidence that inhibition might serve as a prerequisite of monitoring skills in young children (Bryce et al., 2015;Kälin & Roebers, 2020).”
From Longitudinal associations between executive functions and metacognitive monitoring in 5- to 8-year-olds (2022) · cites this paper as Kälin & Roebers, 2020
Previous research with young children suggests that inhibition may be a prerequisite for monitoring skills.
“Previous research with young children suggests that inhibition may be a prerequisite for monitoring skills.”
From Longitudinal associations between executive functions and metacognitive monitoring in 5- to 8-year-olds (2022) · cites this paper as Kälin & Roebers, 2020
Longer latencies of confidence judgments are related to lower confidence ratings.
“This assumption is supported by the finding that longer latencies of CJ are related to lower confidence ratings (Kälin & Roebers, 2020;Pleskac & Busemeyer, 2010).”
From Longitudinal associations between executive functions and metacognitive monitoring in 5- to 8-year-olds (2022) · cites this paper as Kälin & Roebers, 2020
Kälin & Roebers (2020) found a link of shifting with the implicit, time-based measure of monitoring but not with the explicit measure of monitoring.
“While Roebers et al., (2012) included a combined measure of shifting and updating and found no significant association with monitoring, Kälin & Roebers (2020) found a link of shifting with the implicit, time-based measure of monitoring but not with the explicit measure of monitoring.”
From Longitudinal associations between executive functions and metacognitive monitoring in 5- to 8-year-olds (2022) · cites this paper as Kälin & Roebers, 2020
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Kälin, S., & Roebers, C. M. (2022) · Metacognition and Learning · doi:10.1007/s11409-022-09306-x · Cited by 27
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kälin, S., & Roebers, C. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Bern (CH)
- Venue
- Zeitschrift für Psychologie
- Publisher
- Hogrefe Publishing Group
- Published
- 2020-10
- Volume
- 228
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 244-253
- ISSN
- 0044-3409 (ISSN-L)
- 2190-8370
- 2151-2604
- OpenAlex
- W3096075631
- Cited by
- 16
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 3.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Zeitschrift für Psychologie (publishedVersion)
- BORIS (University Library Bern) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Social Sciences › Education › Early Childhood Education and Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Keywords
- metacognition, executive function, metacognitive monitoring, metacognitive confidence, inhibition, working memory, cognitive flexibility, kindergarten children
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