The role of cytokines in endometriosis

Wu, Ming‐Yih; Ho, Hong‐Nerng

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0897.2003.01207.x

Cited by 317Endometriosis Research and TreatmentReproductive System and PregnancyEctopic Pregnancy Diagnosis and Management

The role of cytokines in endometriosis

Wu, Ming‐Yih, Ho, Hong‐Nerng·2003·American Journal of Reproductive Immunology

DOI 10.1034/j.1600-0897.2003.01207.x

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Abstract

PROBLEM: To review the literature on the role of peritoneal cytokines in the pathogenesis and endometriosis-related infertility. METHODS OF STUDY: A MEDLINE search was conducted by the key words of cytokine and endometriosis in the English publications, and references identified within the identified papers were also reviewed. RESULTS: Several cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1, 6, 8, 10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were reported to be increased in the peritoneal fluid (PF) of women with endometriosis. Those cytokines may be involved in macrophage activation, inflammatory change and enhanced angiogenesis. However, some cytokines were less expressed such as IL-2, and interferon (IFN)-gamma. They reflect the impaired T- and natural killer (NK)-cell function. Endometriotic implants produce some factors, e.g. matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), Bcl-2, and affect their capacity to implant into the peritoneum. CONCLUSION: Peritoneal cytokines, which are produced by mesothelial cells, leukocytes and ectopic endometrial cells, interwork locally and systemically in women with endometriosis. More studies about the specific role and interactions of these cytokines are needed to improve the understanding of endometriosis and to develop novel therapies.

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Pelvic endometriosis is associated with a low-grade inflammation of the peritoneal cavity with higher concentrations of activated macrophages and thus with higher concentrations of many different cytokines and angiogenic factors.
“Pelvic endometriosis is associated with a low-grade inflammation of the peritoneal cavity with higher concentrations of activated macrophages and thus with higher concentrations of the many different cytokines (68-72) and angiogenic factors (73)(74)(75)(76)(77)(78)(79)(80)(81)(82)(83)(84)(85)(86)(87)(88)(89)(90)(91).”
From Pathogenesis of deep endometriosis (2017) · cites this paper as [71]

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“IL-6 is increased in the endometrium of women with endometriosis and in ectopic lesions [77,108].”
Background
Co-culture with macrophages enhances the clonogenic and invasion activity of endometriotic stromal cells
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Authors: Wu, M., & Ho, H.
Affiliations: National Taiwan University (TW)
Corresponding author: Ho, Hong‐Nerng
ORCID: Wu, Ming‐Yih
Ho, Hong‐Nerng
Venue: American Journal of Reproductive Immunology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2003-04-09
Volume: 49
Issue: 5
Pages: 285-296
ISSN: 0271-7352 (ISSN-L)
1046-7408
1600-0897
DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0897.2003.01207.x
OpenAlex: W1992372603
Cited by: 317
References: 150
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 19
FWCI: 2.72
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: American Journal of Reproductive Immunology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Reproductive System and Pregnancy
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosis and Management
Keywords: endometriosis, cytokines, peritoneal fluid, endometriosis-associated infertility, interleukins, TNF-α, vascular endothelial growth factor, angiogenesis, macrophage activation, T cell function, natural killer cells, matrix metalloproteinases, Bcl-2, mesothelial cells
MeSH terms: Cell Adhesion, Endometriosis, Female, Humans, Infertility, Female, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Cytokines

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The role of cytokines in endometriosis

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