Cited by 551Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior

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Behavioral activation and inhibition systems and the severity and course of depression.

Kasch, Karen L., Rottenberg, Jonathan, Arnow, Bruce A., Gotlib, Ian H.·2002·Journal of Abnormal Psychology

DOI 10.1037/0021-843x.111.4.589

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Abstract

Theorists have proposed that depression is associated with abnormalities in the behavioral activation (BAS) and behavioral inhibition (BIS) systems. In particular, depressed individuals are hypothesized to exhibit deficient BAS and overactive BIS functioning. Self-reported levels of BAS and BIS were examined in 62 depressed participants and 27 nondepressed controls. Clinical functioning was assessed at intake and at 8-month follow-up. Relative to nondepressed controls, depressed participants reported lower BAS levels and higher BIS levels. Within the depressed group, lower BAS levels were associated with greater concurrent depression severity and predicted worse 8-month outcome. Levels of both BIS and BAS showed considerable stability over time and clinical state. Overall, results suggest that BAS dysregulation exacerbates the presentation and course of depressive illness.

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“In addition, N/NA and E/PA have been closely related to Gray’s (1987) constructs of BI and BA, respectively [24-26], and these terms are often used interchangeably as the most stable measures of temperament [8,15,26,27].”
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Authors: Kasch, K. L., Rottenberg, J., Arnow, B. A., & Gotlib, I. H.
Affiliations: Stanford University (US)
Stanford Medicine (US)
ORCID: Rottenberg, Jonathan
Arnow, Bruce A.
Gotlib, Ian H.
Venue: Journal of Abnormal Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2002-11
Volume: 111
Issue: 4
Pages: 589-597
ISSN: 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
1939-1846
DOI: 10.1037/0021-843x.111.4.589
OpenAlex: W2112996418
Cited by: 551
References: 49
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 40
FWCI: 11.53
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (MH59259, R01MH059259)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Keywords: behavioral activation system, behavioral inhibition system, depression, depression severity, course of depression, trait impulsivity, treatment outcome prediction, trait stability
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self Disclosure, Severity of Illness Index

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Behavioral activation and inhibition systems and the severity and course of depression.

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