The DOI matches its Crossref record; 69 of the 74 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Short-term and Long-Term Consequences of Achievement Goals: Predicting Interest and Performance over Time
Abstract
Why do some students excel in their college classes and develop interest in an academic discipline? The authors examined both the short-term and long-term consequences of students ' achievement goals in an introductory psychology course. Mastery goals positively predicted subsequent interest in the course, but not course grades. Performance goals positively predicted grades, but not interest. Three semesters later, the authors obtained measures of continued interest in the discipline and long-term performance. Mastery goals predicted subsequent enrollment in psychology courses, whereas performance goals predicted long-term academic performance. These positive and complementary effects of mastery and performance goals on different measures of academic success are consistent with a multiple-goals perspective in which both goals can have beneficial consequences in college education. College students often pursue multiple goals in their classes. Some goals may be fairly general and concern students ' reasons for taking a class, whereas other goals are more specific to what students hope to accomplish in the course--to learn as much as they can about the subject or to obtain a high grade. These latter types of goals have been labeled achievement goals (Ames, 1992;
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“We used the Japanese-translated version [70] of the lack-of-strategy subscale of the Study Strategy Scale [71]. This subscale assesses the lack of an organized approach to studying and has construct validity and internal consistency (three items; e.g., “I often find that I don’t know what to study or where to start”).”
In the citing paper
“Harackiewicz andcolleagues (2000 &2002) provided empirical evidence for their argument that different forms of motivation will have differential effects on different learning outcomes.”
From Teachers’ perceptions of declining participation in school music (2011) · cites this paper as Harackiewicz et al., 2000
In the citing paper
“Studies on task interest have shown that it plays a significant role in students' emotions, goal-setting (Horvath et al., 2006), academic achievement, and behaviors (Harackiewicz et al., 2000;Harackiewicz and Hulleman, 2010;Boekaerts, 2011).”
From The Next Black Box of Formative Assessment: A Model of the Internal Mechanisms of Feedback Processing (2022) · cites this paper as Harackiewicz et al., 2000
Citations
Cites
Multiple regression: testing and interpreting interactions
(1992) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-3352 · Cited by 36,647
Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Cohen, P., Cohen, P., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. S. (2014) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410606266 · Cited by 20,870
A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality.
Dweck, C. S., & Leggett, E. L. (1988) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256 · Cited by 9,745
Motivational and self-regulated learning components of classroom academic performance.
Pintrich, P. R., & De Groot, E. V. (1990) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.82.1.33 · Cited by 8,332
Motivational processes affecting learning.
Dweck, C. S. (1986) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.41.10.1040 · Cited by 6,971
Classrooms: Goals, structures, and student motivation.
Ames, C. (1992) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.84.3.261 · Cited by 6,468
Motivation in Education: Theory, Research, and Applications
Pintrich, P. R., & Schunk, D. H. (1995) · Cited by 5,724
Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences.
Tufte, E. R., Cohen, J., & Cohen, P. (1979) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2286442 · Cited by 5,214
Effects of externally mediated rewards on intrinsic motivation.
Deci, E. L. (1971) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0030644 · Cited by 4,170
A hierarchical model of approach and avoidance achievement motivation.
Elliot, A. J., & Church, M. A. (1997) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.72.1.218 · Cited by 3,752
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 17
- Alexander, 1997, Mapping the multidimensional nature of domain learning: The interplay of cognitive, motivational, and strategic forces., Vol. 10, 213
- 10.2307/1170694 · DOI
- Deci, 1992, Interest and the intrinsic motivation of behavior., 43
- Elliot, 1997, Integrating the “classic” and “contemporary” approaches to achievement motivation: A hierarchical model of approach and avoidance motivation., Vol. 10, 243
- 10.1037/0022-3514.54.1.5 · DOI · Paper page
- Harackiewicz, 1991, Goals and intrinsic motivation: You can get there from here., Vol. 7, 21
- 10.2307/1170506 · DOI
- Lepper, 1989, Intrinsic motivation in the classroom., Vol. 3, 73
- 10.2307/1170011 · DOI
- Malone, 1987, Making learning fun: A taxonomy of intrinsic motivations for learning., Vol. 3, 223
- Meece, 1991, The classroom context and students' motivational goals., Vol. 7, 261
- Pintrich, 1991, Student goal orientation and self-regulation in the college classroom., Vol. 7, 371
- Pintrich, 1992, Students' motivational beliefs and their cognitive engagement in classroom tasks., 149
- 10.1207/s15326985ep2101&2_8 · DOI
- 10.1207/s15326985ep2603&4_5 · DOI
- Schmeck, 1983, Learning styles of college students., 233
- Urdan, 1997, Achievement goal theory: Past results, future directions., Vol. 10, 99
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 801–892 of 892
Nouta, J., Yperen, N. W. V., & Serlie, A. W. (2004) · Gedrag & Organisatie · doi:10.5117/2004.017.004.001
Goal orientation among graduate students
Soltani, J. L. (2007) · SHAREOK (University of Oklahoma; Oklahoma State University; Central Oklahoma University)
Karagiorgakis, I. (2013) · QSpace (Queen's University Library)
OP PR RIE ED DA AD DE ES S PSIC COM MÉT TR RIC CAS S
Boruchovitch, E. (2008)
Preservice teachers' reasoning about cases with motivational dilemmas
Owens, A. M. (2005)
Leveraging MSLQ dataset for predicting students’ achievement goal orientations
Ali, L. (2016) · Summit (Simon Fraser University)
Anderson, P. H., Lawton, L., & Kaliski, J. A. (2014) · Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential Learning: Proceedings of the Annual ABSEL conference
Educational Psychology: An International Journal of Experimental Educational Psychology
Valle, A., Núñez, J. C., Cabanach, R. G., Rodríguez, S., Rosário, P. J. S. L. F., Inglés, C. J., Coruña, A., & Hernández, M. (2013)
EXCTRA - EXploiting the Click-TRAil: Assessing the benefits of Learning Analytics
Conijn, R., Snijders, C. C. P., Matzat, U., Kleingeld, A., & Bijvank, W. N. (2016) · Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)
김경연, & 심현애 (2009) · SECONDARY EDUCATION RESEARCH · doi:10.25152/ser.2009.57.3.237
Oliveira, D. S. D. O. S., Corrêa, R. S., Stein, V. C., Silva, A. R. C. A. S., & Andrade, C. R. A. (2018) · Itinerarius Reflectionis · doi:10.5216/rir.v14i3.53733
Juan, B. G. (2018) · Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) · doi:10.6035/14102.2018.117206
Turner, B. (2017) · USF Scholarship Repository (University of San Francisco)
Nicoll, C. (2018) · Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University)
Student Achievement Goals in the Signals and Systems Course
Gerasimova, D., Nelson, J. K., & Hjalmarson, M. A. (2018) · IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE) · doi:10.1109/fie.2018.8658382
Raheem, S. (2018) · London School of Economics and Political Science Theses Online (London School of Economics and Political Science)
Medina, D. E. M., Morales, N. A., Valdés‐Cuervo, A. A., & Parra-Pérez, L. G. (2019) · International Journal of Educational Management · doi:10.1108/ijem-03-2018-0120
Assessing the Impact of Ability-Based Pairing Strategies in Team Training of a Complex Skill
Day, E. A., Arthur, J. F., Winfred, B., Edwards Suzanne, T., Bennett Bryan, D., Jr., W., Mendoza, J. L., & Tubré, T. (2005) · doi:10.21236/ada472611
CLASSROOM GOAL STRUCTURE ,S TUDENT MOTIVATION, AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT
Meece, J. L., Anderman, E. M., & Anderman, L. H. (2006)
Theus, A.-L. (2018) · Carleton University's Institutional Repository (MacOdrum Library, Carleton University) · doi:10.22215/etd/2018-13202
Schmidt, A. (2019) · Empirische Forschung in den gesellschaftswissenschaftlichen Fachdidaktiken · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-27896-0_13
Identifying mastery goal states in educational contexts
Palmer, D. A. (2019) · Advances in Educational Research and Evaluation · doi:10.25082/aere.2019.01.002
Prospective Mathematics Teachers’ Flow Experiences: From High School to University
Ayşenur, U. Y. M. A., & Ünal, H. (2020) · Uluslararası Sosyal ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.20860/ijoses.653032
Supel, J. M. (2019) · Digital Repository Service (Northeastern University) · doi:10.17760/d20335142
Interest and Internal Motivation
Renninger, K. A., & Hidi, S. E. (2019)
Θεοφανίδου, Ι., Βάσιου, Α., & Λεμονίδης, Χ. (2020) · Πανελλήνιο Συνέδριο Επιστημών Εκπαίδευσης · doi:10.12681/edusc.2681
Chen, R. (2020) · Enlighten: Theses (The University of Glasgow)
Foutzopoulou, M., & Μαυροειδής, Η. (2020) · Ανοικτή Εκπαίδευση το περιοδικό για την Ανοικτή και εξ Αποστάσεως Εκπαίδευση και την Εκπαιδευτική Τεχνολογία · doi:10.12681/jode.22423 · Cited by 1
Θεοφανίδου, Ι., Βάσιου, Α., & Λεμονίδης, Χ. (2020) · Πανελλήνιο Συνέδριο Επιστημών Εκπαίδευσης · doi:10.12681/edusc.3117
Understanding Learner-Centeredness and Student Engagement in Undergraduate Biology Education
Heim, A. B. (2020) · Scholarship & Creative Works - Digital UNC a service of University Libraries (University of Northern Colorado)
Roberson, S. (2020) · eSpace (Curtin University)
The Effects of Intergenerational Harmony on Middle Aged Worker’s Knowledge Sharing Behavior
Han, T., & Lee, J. (2021) · Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.24230/kjiop.v34i1.81-104
Duruk, Ü. (2021) · Education Quarterly Reviews · doi:10.31014/aior.1993.04.02.277
Goal Orientation and Innovation Implementation Forms
전소 (2015) · Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University)
Implicit Theory of Intelligence and Gifted Students
Park, S. (2016) · doi:10.18130/v3530w
Galindo‐Domínguez, H., & Pegalajar-Méndez, M. (2020) · Acción Psicológica · doi:10.5944/ap.17.2.26044 · Cited by 1
The Effect of Webquests and Learning Guides on Self-Regulation StrategiesPreprint
Al-Hawamleh, M. S., Alazemi, A. F. T., Jamal, D. A., & Shdaifat, S. A. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3943416
A motivação para aprender de estudantes em cursos de formação de professores
Boruchovitch, E. (2008) · Americanae (AECID Library) · Cited by 24
Multimethod analysis of interest
Henn, J. B. (2010) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
The psychology of school leaving : motivation, sense-of-self, values and aspirations
Dowson, M. N., McInerney, D. M., Nelson, G., & Vickers, M. H. (2005)
Fülöp, M. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-86709-6_14
Motivational goal orientations : the effects of school climate and sex differences
Dowson, M. N., McInerney, D. M., & Nelson, G. (2005)
The Impact of Interest on EFL Learners’ PerformancePreprint
Journal, A. W. E., & Zohri, A. (2017) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/8rwzs
Rosado, N. Á. (2012) · Education in the Knowledge Society (EKS) · doi:10.14201/eks.9236
Awofala, A. O. A., Arigbabu, A. A., Fatade, A. O., & Awofala, A. A. (2013) · Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology · doi:10.14204/ejrep.31.13039
Traité de psychologie de la motivation
(2019) · Dunod eBooks · doi:10.3917/dunod.carre.2019.01.0339
Bezen, S., & Demirkasımoğlu, N. (2022) · Advances in higher education and professional development book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-4089-6.ch010
Wang, W. (2022) · doi:10.33540/1222
Socialization in the future that already began
Suzić, N. (2010) · Socioloski godisnjak · doi:10.5937/socgod1005023s
Wahyuni, N. T., & Ariyanto, G. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4334741
Payne, R. (2023) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.240006
Πρόθεση εγκατάλειψης μεταπτυχιακών σπουδών: εφαρμογή της Θεωρίας του Αυτο-Προσδιορισμού
Σχοινά, Χ.-Ι., Γωνίδα, Σ.-Ε., & Κιοσέογλου, Γ. (2023) · Psychology the Journal of the Hellenic Psychological Society · doi:10.12681/psy_hps.31487
Stahopoulou, A., & Siskou, K. (2023) · GSC Advanced Research and Reviews · doi:10.30574/gscarr.2023.16.1.0307 · Cited by 2
A Test of the Control Value Theory of Achievement Emotions in an Instructional Communication Context
Armstrong, K. E. (2023) · The Research Repository @ WVU (West Virginia University) · doi:10.33915/etd.12144 · Cited by 1
Motivation – Mechanisms of the Mind and their Quest for Expression
Mennes, M. A. (2023) · Amsterdam University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9789048556199 · Cited by 2
Mennes, M. A. (2023) · Amsterdam University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9789048556199-027
Silva, S. D. G. T. M. (2024) · University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas) · doi:10.12794/metadc2332605
Ginesta, A., Rochera, M. J., Álvarez, R. M. C., & Remesal, A. (2024) · REDU Revista de Docencia Universitaria · doi:10.4995/redu.2024.20988
Tavoiteorientaatio, koulutustavoitteet ja koulumenestys kuudennella luokalla
Varonen, A., Hietajärvi, L., Tuominen, H., Salmela‐Aro, K., Hakkarainen, K., & Lonka, K. (2025) · Psykologia · doi:10.62443/psykologia.v53i2-3.64861
杨, 露. (2025) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2025.154203
To download or not to download the app: app incentives and behavioural outcomes
Hoang, D., Zhang, H. C., & Lodorfos, G. (2025) · Journal of Strategic Marketing · doi:10.1080/0965254x.2025.2493626
Evaluation and adaptation of the interest development scale for use in the geosciences
Conner, S., & Lazar, K. B. (2025) · Journal of Geoscience Education · doi:10.1080/10899995.2025.2502883
VARTeL for STEAM Education: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
Song, J., Azam, A. B., Huang, L., Xie, Y., Li, S., & Cai, Y. (2025) · Gaming media and social effects · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-2332-7_5
Perfiles motivacionales y éxito escolar en Secundaria: un enfoque centrado en la persona
Piñeiro, I., Juanatey, R., Valle, A., Rodríguez, S., & Regueiro, B. (2025) · Estudios sobre Educación · doi:10.15581/004.50.009
Free to Learn: Ungrading in Sociology Courses
Kempler, A. M., Mitchell, S., & Vosburg, D. P. R. (2025) · Teaching Sociology · doi:10.1177/0092055x251369078
Archer, J. (2001) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-60752-686-520251011
Service-Learning and Literacy Motivation
Hart, S. M. (2007) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-60752-658-220251010
(2012) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-61735-715-220251014
Just Do It: Remaining Task Focused When Performance Outcomes Loom Large
Durik, A. M., Tauer, J. M., & Harackiewicz, J. M. (2001) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0801-4_9
Self-citationCollege student's academic goals and learning strategies
Valle, A., Cabanach, R. G., Rodríguez, S., Núñez Perez, J. C., González-Pienda, J. A., & Rosário, P. (2007) · Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)
3 x 2 Hedef Yönelimi Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye Uyarlanması
Akbulut, C. K., & Uzuntiryaki-Kondakçı, E. (2019) · DergiPark (Istanbul University)
Beyond the average: How achievement goals shape both levels and daily swings in intrinsic motivation
Seo, E., Lee, S. Y., Lee, Y., & Patall, E. A. (2026) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2026.102875
Yang, Y., Liu, L., Gao, L., & Zhang, Y. (2026) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-026-09524-5
Effective Teaching Practices and Academic Motivation: A Multi-Institutional Longitudinal Study
Loes, C. N. (2026) · Teaching & Learning Inquiry The ISSOTL Journal · doi:10.20343/teachlearninqu.14.28
Hoff, K. A., Chu, C., Wu, F., Einarsdóttir, S., Hanna, A., Damian, R. I., Egdom, D. V., Rounds, J., & Oswald, F. L. (2026) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1177/08902070261476197
Entrepreneurship Education and Innovation Capacity in Cambodian Business Schools
Chheang, S., Ten, K., Huot, S., Va, T., & Lang, L. (2026) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-2600-3625-9.ch009
Task receptivity in school strength training: A function of individual interest profiles?
Belhouchat, M., Dieu, O., & Roure, C. (2026) · European Physical Education Review · doi:10.1177/1356336x261471022
Juhasz, A. N., Pajor, G., Kahveci, G. N., & Ágoston, C. (2026) · Journal of Adult Learning Knowledge and Innovation · doi:10.1556/2059.2026.00148
Ramos, D. B., Ramos, I. M. M., & Oliveira, E. (2026) · Anais do ... Simpósio Brasileiro de Informática na Educação/Anais do Simpósio Brasileiro de Informática na Educação · doi:10.5753/sbie.2026.28497
Metadata
- Authors
- Harackiewicz, J. M., Barron, K. E., Tauer, J. M., Carter, S. M., & Elliot, A. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Educational Psychology
- Published
- 2000-06
- Volume
- 92
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 316-330
- ISSN
- 0022-0663 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2176
- OpenAlex
- W2168921961
- Cited by
- 892
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 49 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 51 · 2013: 60 · 2012: 52
- FWCI
- 26.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Educational Psychology (publishedVersion)
- UST Research Online (University of St. Thomas - Minnesota) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- achievement goals, mastery goals, performance goals, student learning interest, course grades, university students, introductory psychology course, multiple objectives, course registration
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review