Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process.

“A first study assessed the influence of ADHD clinical presentation on the attachment style, measured by the Children’s Attachment Style Questionnaire [66], in children and adolescents aged 7–15 years [47].”

“This may translate into an inability to connect to one’s emotions (Goodall et al., 2012) as well as with one’s partner during intimate contexts (Hazan & Shaver, 1987), thus increasing preoccupations and anxiety surrounding one’s sexuality and negatively impacting self-perceived value as a sexual…”

“The Attachment Questionnaire has been operationalized as a categorical measure or continuous scale, with a high correlation (96.5”

“Attachment style ratings Adult attachment was assessed using Hazan and Shaver's [38] attachment style measure administered in an interview format.”

“Other studies have examined attachment theory in the context of adult relationships such as romance (Hazan and Shaver 1987) and work (Hazan and Shaver 1990).”

“Consequently, a number of categorical (e.g. Hazan and Shaver, 1987; Bartholomew and Horowitz, 1991) and continuous (Simpson, 1990; Feeny et al., 1994; Griffen and Bartholomew, 1994) measures have been developed that yield attachment styles that are directly analogous to the attachment…”

“Insecure attachment style is argued to originate in childhood adverse relationships with parents, which create distorted ‘internal working models′ that stabilise in adulthood to account for negative views of both the self and others (Bartholomew and Horowitz, 1991; Hazan and Shaver, 1987).”

“, Zhang & Labouvie-Vief, 2004) based on the items developed by Hazan and Shaver (1987), Bartholomew and Horowitz (1991), and Collins and Read, found that whereas a majority of the younger samples were classified as securely attached in terms of romantic relationships, only 30% to 40% of the older sample were in that c…”

“These results match with the results of studies conducted by other researchers (10, 27-39).”

“safe haven and secure base) indicating that a fullfledged attachment bond has formed may not be completely present until 2 years or more into the relationship (Hazan and Shaver, 1987).”

“Conversely, the configuration of attachment relationships that is established in the early stages of life is considered a relevant particularity in human beings for the adequate development of affective and romantic bonds in adult life (Bowlby, 1973; Hazan and Shaver, 1987; Cirhinlioğlu et al., 2016).”

“Participants received 15 statements, five for each attachment style based on Hazan and Shaver’s (1987) tripartite typology of secure, avoidant, and ambivalent attachment styles.”

“Perhaps one of the most obvious goals of future research will be to explore the links between our findings and those of previous researchers such as Christensen and Heavey (1990), Gottman (1994), and attachment researchers ( Hazan & Shaver, 1987; Simpson et al., 1996).”

“As both attachment insecurity (e.g., Carnelley et al., 1996; Hazan & Shaver, 1987) and perceived phubbing are negatively associated with relationship quality (e.g., McDaniel & Coyne, 2016), researchers have explored whether perceived phubbing serves as a mediator between attachment insecurity and…”

“Although much of the research on attachment in adults has been conducted using this three group conceptualization of attachment (Hazan & Shaver, 1987), more current research has conceptualized attachment styles using the two independent dimensions of anxiety and avoidance where secure attachment is…”

“The architecture of monogamous containment In his discussion on the ‘metaphoricity’ of psychological concepts and terms, Leary (1990) makes the point that psychological and everyday knowledge are metaphorized phenomena that should not be mistaken for unambiguous conceptual foundations.”

“…primarily with relationship patterns between the infant and his/her caretakers, the theory points out that attachment is an important aspect of human experience from the cradle to the grave (Bowlby 1973), and is therefore also relevant for understanding adult relationships (Hazan and Shaver 1987).”

“The well-being of the attachment system plays a critical role in individuals’ global, interpersonal, and mental well-being (Hazan and Shaver 1987).”

“…to explain how infants become emotionally attached to primary caregivers and distressed when separated from them, Bowlby (1979) maintained that the attachment system continues into adulthood and includes other significant relationships—an idea that was further developed by Hazan and Shaver (1987).”

“However, other attachment styles are possible when close others fail to effectively meet the individuals needs for support (Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, & Wall, 1978; Hazan & Shaver, 1987).”

“People carry these working models into adult relationships where they guide behavior and preferences, including preferences for touch (Hazan & Shaver, 1987).”

“Furthermore, the study agrees with the idea that “attachment relationships are seen as an important theoretical framework for explaining human intimacy and have significant advantages in explaining the relationship between individuals and specific objects” (Hazan and Shaver, 1987).”

“The attachment system is a motivational system that drives people to seek actual or symbolic proximity and protection from their attachment figures, such as parents and partners, throughout the life span (Ainsworth et al., 1978; Bowlby, 1982; Hazan & Shaver, 1987).”

“…on sexuality and attachment and the extensive evidence for a link between sexuality and attachment (Clulow, 2007; Diamond et al., 2007; Eagle, 2013; Hazan & Shaver, 1987; Marshall, 1993), focusing on one aspect of the attachment legacy (i.e., ER and its effects in later life; Mikulincer, Shaver, &…”

“The ASQ (also known as the Relationship Questionnaire) consists of four short paragraphs representing the four adult attachment styles originally described by Hazan and Shaver (1987): secure, dismissing, preoccupied, and fearful.”

“Participants completed the Adult Romantic Attachment measure (Hazan & Shaver, 1987).”

“A decade later, Hazan and Shaver (1987) applied attachment theory to understand adult romantic attachment, finding that the same distinct styles map well onto behaviors exhibited in adult couples.”

“2.3.1 Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI) The AAI is a 15-item questionnaire which was derived from the Attachment Style Questionnaire (Hazan & Shaver, 1987), the Relationship Questionnaire (Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991), and the Attachment History Questionnaire (Crowell, Fraley, & Shaver, 1999) and validated for the pur…”

“A categorical measure of attachment styles for adults has been developed by Hazan and Shaver (1987).”

“(Hazan & Shaver, 1987).”

“Attachment styles also affect selfperceptions: for instance, it has been found that secure types believe that most people would like them, while anxious/ambivalent people express self-doubt and believe they are misunderstood (Hazan & Shaver, 1987).”

“Although amenable to change, attachment theorists have speculated that internal working models of self and others are the mechanisms by which continuity occurs and is maintained over time (Cozzarelli et al., 2003; Hazan & Shaver, 1987).”

“…science is that the quality of early parent-child relationships has long-term implications for individuals’ interpersonal functioning across the life course, including their functioning in romantic relationships during adulthood (Bowlby, 1988; Collins & Sroufe, 1999; Hazan & Shaver, 1987).”

“A romantic relationship can be seen as an attachment relationship where one is supposed to be able to turn to the partner as a secure base/safe haven in times of stress and distress, pain, and concern (Hazan & Shaver, 1987).”

“The wider research demonstrates that individuals who are able to regulate their emotions are more likely to develop a secure attachment (Hazan & Shaver, 1987) and express and exhibit greater levels of empathy (Schore & Schore, 2008).”

“This dimension of human connectedness has been extended to also include relational closeness to romantic partners (Hazan & Shaver, 1987; Reis & Patrick, 1996; van Anders, 2015).”

“…Walters, & Wall, 1978; Bowlby, 1969), transition to adult romantic relationships (Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991; Brennan, Clark, & Shaver, 1998; Hazan & Shaver, 1987; Simpson, 1990), and predictiveness for other personality traits, such as emotional responses to life stress (Collins, 1996) and…”

“The sameattachment styles and distributions found in childhood are reflected in adult relationships (Hazan & Shaver, 1987; Priel & Shamai, 1995).”

“A person develops a set of expectations about the accessibility and responsiveness of early attachment fig- ures that influences the view of other interpersonal relationships in the future (Bowlby, 1988; Hazan and Shaver, 1987).”

“ships in adulthood (Hazan and Shaver 1987).”

“Attachment styles are often conceptualized as continuous features relating to three aspects (i.e., secure, avoidant, and anxious/ambivalent relationship styles; Collins and Sroufe 1999; Fraley and Shaver 2000; Hazan and Shaver 1987; 1994).”

“Participants were classified into secure, avoidant, anxious/ambivalent attachment styles using Hazan and Shaver’s (1987) single-item measure.”

“…approach conceives attachment as a personality style related to satisfaction in romantic love and in adult relationships (i.e., marriage and dating; Hazan and Shaver, 1987; Kenny and Hart, 1992; Friedberg and Lyddon, 1996; Chassler, 1997; Sharpe et al., 1998; Ward et al., 2000; Broberg et al.,…”

“…the mechanisms of attachment may not be equivalent in these two kinds of relationships, infant–mother relationships share similar features with adult romantic relationships, such as having intimate bodily contact and feeling secure when the other is nearby and responsive (Hazan & Shaver, 1987).”

“When adolescents grow up, they may get attached to friends and romantic partners (Hazan and Shaver 1987).”

“Romantic relationships provide an optimal context for enhancing attachment security when partners optimize meeting each other’s needs [5].”

“Adult attachment styles were introduced into the personality and social psychology literature by Shaver and colleagues (Hazan & Shaver, 1987; Mikulincer & Shaver, 2016).”

“Thus, attachment styles in later life close relationships may reflect styles of attachment to parents (e.g., Hazan & Shaver, 1987) and have been found to show some temporal stability throughout life (Doyle, Lawford, d attachment in that fearfully attached individuals have cognitively…”

“Attachment avoidance is characterized by the minimization of attachment needs, a desire for independence, evasion of emotional closeness, and use of deactivating emotional responses, such as emotion suppression (Fraley & Shaver, 2000; Hazan & Shaver, 1987; Mikulincer & Shaver, 2016).”

“Attachment theory argues that people have different levels of attachment anxiety and avoidance and thus different levels of being comfortable in relationships (Ainsworth 1969; Bartholomew and Horowitz 1991; Bowlby 1969; Hazan and Shaver 1987).”

“…a scale assessing continuous attachment dimensions in adulthood, going beyond earlier trends deriving discrete categories equivalent to specifi c attachment styles (Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991; Hazan & Shaver, 1987) which although different from one another are potentially related (Collins, 1996).”