Cited by 600Death Anxiety and Social ExclusionSocial and Intergroup PsychologyPersonality Traits and Psychology

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Self‐image resilience and dissonance: The role of affirmational resources

Steele, Claude M., Spencer, Steven J., Lynch, Michael·1993·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Abstract

It was predicted that high self-esteem Ss (HSEs) would rationalize an esteem-threatening decision less than low self-esteem Ss (LSEs), because HSEs presumably had more favorable self-concepts with which to affirm, and thus repair, their overall sense of self-integrity. This prediction was supported in 2 experiments within the "free-choice" dissonance paradigm--one that manipulated self-esteem through personality feedback and the other that varied it through selection of HSEs and LSEs, but only when Ss were made to focus on their self-concepts. A 3rd experiment countered an alternative explanation of the results in terms of mood effects that may have accompanied the experimental manipulations. The results were discussed in terms of the following: (a) their support for a resources theory of individual differences in resilience to self-image threats--an extension of self-affirmation theory, (b) their implications for self-esteem functioning, and (c) their implications for the continuing debate over self-enhancement versus self-consistency motivation.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/0022-3514.64.6.885

Cites

0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

The publisher hasn’t deposited this paper’s reference list.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 440

Metadata

Authors
Steele, C. M., Spencer, S. J., & Lynch, M.
Affiliations
Stanford University (US)
Venue
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Published
1993
Volume
64
Issue
6
Pages
885-896
ISSN
  • 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-1315
OpenAlex
W1996343423
Cited by
600
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 28
FWCI
9.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Keywords
self-esteem, cognitive dissonance, self-affirmation, self-concept, self-integrity, personality feedback, self-enhancement, individual differences
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Dissociative Disorders, Feedback, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Personality Development, Personality Inventory, Self Concept, Social Support

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review