The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The consideration of future consequences: Weighing immediate and distant outcomes of behavior.
Abstract
We propose a new construct called consideration of future consequences (CFC), which is hypothesized to be a stable individual difference in the extent to which people consider distant versus immediate consequences of potential behaviors. Following a description of the construct itself, a measure of this individual difference is developed and validated. Data collected from 7 samples of college students indicates that the measure has acceptable reliability and validity. In addition, evidence of the role of CFC in regulating affective responses to negative events is reviewed. The utility of the CFC construct is demonstrated in 2 studies
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The Consideration of Future Consequences (CFC) scale is a 12-item scale that was developed by Strathman, Gleicher, Boninger, and Scott Edwards (1994) to measure the extent to which individuals consider distant outcomes when choosing their present behavior.”
From The Cognitive Reflection Test as a predictor of performance on heuristics-and-biases tasks (2011) · cites this paper as Strathman, Gleicher, Boninger, and Scott Edwards (1994)
In the citing paper
“To assess reliability, we used the Consideration for Future Consequences scale (Strathman, Gleicher, Boninger, & Edwards, 1994).”
From Beyond the Turk: Alternative platforms for crowdsourcing behavioral research (2017) · cites this paper as Strathman, Gleicher, Boninger, & Edwards, 1994
Citations
Cites
Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.
Rotter, J. B. (1966) · Psychological Monographs: General and Applied · doi:10.1037/h0092976 · Cited by 21,937
Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Cohen, P., Cohen, P., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. S. (2014) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410606266 · Cited by 20,870
Optimism, coping, and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies.
Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1985) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.4.3.219 · Cited by 6,690
The development of markers for the Big-Five factor structure
Goldberg, L. R. (1992) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.4.1.26 · Cited by 5,530
Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences.
Tufte, E. R., Cohen, J., & Cohen, P. (1979) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2286442 · Cited by 5,214
The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope.
Snyder, C. R., Harris, C., Anderson, J. R., Holleran, S. A., Irving, L. M., Sigmon, S. T., Yoshinobu, L., Gibb, J., Langelle, C., & Harney, P. (1991) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.60.4.570 · Cited by 3,774
Norm theory: Comparing reality to its alternatives.
Kahneman, D. J., & Miller, D. T. (1986) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.93.2.136 · Cited by 3,247
Assessing Reliability and Stability in Panel Models
Wheaton, B., Muthén, B., Alwin, D. F., & Summers, G. F. (1977) · Sociological Methodology · doi:10.2307/270754 · Cited by 3,147
Why People Use Health Services
Rosenstock, I. M. (2005) · Milbank Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0009.2005.00425.x · Cited by 2,329
Latent variable models: An introduction to factor, path, and structural analysis
John, C. (1987) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,120
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 801–900 of 1,002
Rational Strategic Reasoning: An Unnatural Act?
Urbany, J. E., & Montgomery, D. B. (1998) · Marketing Letters · doi:10.1023/a:1008024306716 · Cited by 16
Saving Behaviour: Economic and Psychological Approaches
Nyhus, E. K. (2017) · doi:10.1002/9781118926352.ch13 · Cited by 16
Time perspective, future anxiety, and hope for success in individuals awaiting bariatric surgery
Tucholska, K., Gulla, B., Grabowska, A., & Major, P. (2021) · Health Psychology Report · doi:10.5114/hpr.2021.105259 · Cited by 15
QEPro: An ability measure of emotional intelligence for managers in a French cultural environment
Haag, C., Bellinghausen, L., & Jilinskaya-Pandey, M. (2021) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-01715-6 · Cited by 17
Fatemi, H., & Dubé, L. (2021) · European Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1108/ejm-04-2020-0250 · Cited by 17
Physical Activity under Stress: A Perspective of HAPA and Individual Differences
Zhou, S., Li, L., Yan, Z., Cao, Y., Peng, B., & Zheng, L. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182212144 · Cited by 17
Combining economics and psychology: Does CO 2 framing strengthen pro-environmental behaviors?
Collet, C., Gastineau, P., Chèze, B., Mahieu, P., & Martinez, F. (2023) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2023.107984 · Cited by 15
Andreotta, M., Boschetti, F., Farrell, S., Paris, C. L., Walker, I. A., & Hurlstone, M. J. (2022) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1007/s10584-022-03437-5 · Cited by 23
Powering the transition: examining factors influencing the intention to adopt electric vehicles
Thakur, A., Jithin Krishnan, K., & Ansari, A. (2023) · Smart and Sustainable Built Environment · doi:10.1108/sasbe-06-2023-0155 · Cited by 17
D’Aniello, A., & Donato, C. (2025) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2025.105438 · Cited by 19
Charlton, S. R., Gossett, B. D., & Charlton, V. A. (2011) · The Psychological Record · doi:10.1007/bf03395778 · Cited by 13
What are the essential cognitive requirements for prospection (thinking about the future)?
Osman, M. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00626 · Cited by 15
Asset Ownership and Future Orientation of Youth and Their Parents: Evidence From Ghana
Chowa, G. A. N., & Masa, R. (2015) · Child & Youth Services · doi:10.1080/0145935x.2015.1037046 · Cited by 14
Comparison of experienced vs. novice teachers in cognitive reflection and rationality
Čavojová, V., & Jurkovič, M. (2017) · Studia Psychologica · doi:10.21909/sp.2017.02.733 · Cited by 17
Perspectiva de Tiempo Futuro y su relevancia motivacional en distintos contextos educativos
Herrera, D. (2019) · Propósitos y Representaciones · doi:10.20511/pyr2019.v7nspe.348 · Cited by 15
Reducing obsolescence practices from a product-oriented PSS perspective: A research agenda
Munten, P., Vanhamme, J., & Swaen, V. (2021) · Recherche et Applications en Marketing (English Edition) · doi:10.1177/2051570720980004 · Cited by 17
When do You Want It? Determinants of Future-Oriented Political Thinking
Rapeli, L., Bäck, M., Jäske, M., & Koskimaa, V. (2021) · Frontiers in Political Science · doi:10.3389/fpos.2021.692913 · Cited by 20
Schizotypal Perceptual Aberrations of Time: Correlation between Score, Behavior and Brain Activity
Arzy, S., Möhr, C., Molnar-Szakacs, I., & Blanke, O. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016154 · Cited by 15
Urien, B. (2007) · Time & Society · doi:10.1177/0961463x07080273 · Cited by 15
The role of patience as a decision-making heuristic in leadership
Haque, M., Liu, L., & TitiAmayah, A. (2017) · Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management An International Journal · doi:10.1108/qrom-01-2015-1263 · Cited by 15
Reach, G. (2018) · Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2018.11.002 · Cited by 15
Beliefs About Expectations Moderate the Influence of Expectations on Pain Perception
Handley, I. M., Fowler, S. L., Rasinski, H. M., Helfer, S. G., & Geers, A. L. (2011) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-011-9203-4 · Cited by 16
Cvetkovich, G. T., & Winter, P. L. (2008) · doi:10.2737/psw-rp-257 · Cited by 15
Zou, W. (2021) · American Journal of Health Education · doi:10.1080/19325037.2021.1902887 · Cited by 14
Chng, S., Chew, H. S. J., & Joireman, J. A. (2021) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2021.111362 · Cited by 14
How to Effectively Promote Eco-Friendly Behaviors: Insights from Contextual Behavioral Science
Stapleton, A., McHugh, L., & Karekla, M. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su142113887 · Cited by 20
Delay Discounting and the Income-Food Insecurity-Obesity Paradox in Mothers
Epstein, L. H., Rizwan, A., Paluch, R. A., & Temple, J. L. (2023) · Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1155/2023/8898498 · Cited by 14
How Do Consumers React to Production Waste?
Xu, H., & Bolton, L. E. (2023) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1093/jcr/ucad060 · Cited by 14
Grimm, J., & Richter, T. (2024) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2024.102428 · Cited by 14
Wang, X., Xia, B., & Bi, W. (2024) · Personnel Review · doi:10.1108/pr-07-2023-0618 · Cited by 16
Structural model of factors influencing smoking behavior among Korean–Chinese adolescent boys
Park, S. E., Lee, K.-S., Yun, S.-N., & Cui, W. (2014) · Applied Nursing Research · doi:10.1016/j.apnr.2014.01.002 · Cited by 14
Consumer Regulation Strategies: Attenuating the Effect of Consumer References in a Voting Context
Whelan, J., Goode, M., Cotte, J., & Thomson, M. (2016) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.20927 · Cited by 14
Cognitive Ability and Bidding Behavior in Second Price Auctions: An Experimental Study
Lee, J. Y., Nayga, R. M., DECK, C. A., & Drichoutis, A. C. (2020) · American Journal of Agricultural Economics · doi:10.1002/ajae.12082 · Cited by 14
Decreasing Impatience for Health Outcomes and Its Relation With Healthy Behavior
Attema, A. E., & Lipman, S. A. (2018) · Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics · doi:10.3389/fams.2018.00016 · Cited by 14
Can spirituality and long-term orientation relate to workplace identity? An examination using SEM
Sulphey, M. M. (2020) · International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy · doi:10.1108/ijssp-06-2020-0211 · Cited by 14
Fear trumps the common good: Psychological antecedents of vaccination attitudes and behaviour
Adamus, M., Čavojová, V., & Mikušková, E. B. (2022) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103606 · Cited by 15
Strategic Complexity and the Value of Thinking
Gill, D. M., & Prowse, V. L. (2022) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.1093/ej/ueac070 · Cited by 14
Experiência subjetiva do tempo e sua influência no comportamento: revisão e modelos
Echeverría, A. V. (2011) · Psicologia Teoria e Pesquisa · doi:10.1590/s0102-37722011000200011 · Cited by 14
Values in the siting of contested infrastructure: the case of repositories for nuclear waste
Seidl, R., Krütli, P., Moser, C., & Stauffacher, M. (2013) · Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences · doi:10.1080/1943815x.2013.824486 · Cited by 14
To what extent is personality associated with time perspective?
Muro, A., Castellà, J., Sotoca, C., Estaún, S., Valero, S., & Gomà‐i‐Freixanet, M. (2015) · Anales de Psicología · doi:10.6018/analesps.31.2.172391 · Cited by 14
Places Change Minds: Exploring the Psychology of Urbanicity Using a Brief Contemplation Method
Corcoran, R., Mansfield, R., Giokas, T., Hawkins, A., Bamford, L., & Marshall, G. (2017) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/2158244017707004 · Cited by 17
Time to drive: Present vs. future orientation and self-reported driving behaviour
Murphy, L., & Murphy, G. (2018) · Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2018.03.026 · Cited by 14
Chernyak‐Hai, L., & Halabi, S. (2018) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjso.12260 · Cited by 14
Littrell, S., Fugelsang, J., & Risko, E. F. (2020) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2019.109678 · Cited by 10
Do People Who “Mature Out” of Drinking See Themselves as More Mature?
Winograd, R., Littlefield, A. K., & Sher, K. J. (2012) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01724.x · Cited by 14
Dimmock, J. A., Jackson, B., Clear, S. E., & Law, K. H. (2013) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2013.06.002 · Cited by 15
Reeves-Ellington, R. H., & Anderson, A. (1997) · Accounting Management and Information Technologies · doi:10.1016/s0959-8022(97)90002-3 · Cited by 14
Reciprocal Strategies for Large Groups
Parks, C. D., & Komorita, S. S. (1997) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0104_3 · Cited by 14
Micro-Level Determinants of Lecture Attendance and Additional Study-HoursPreprint
Ryan, M., Delaney, L. D., & Harmon, C. P. (2010) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1667768 · Cited by 14
Encouraging energy efficiency through goal-congruent product labelingPreprint
Hardisty, D. J., Wang, W., Shim, Y., & Griffin, D. W. (2020) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3576266 · Cited by 14
Pandey, S., Chawla, D., Jeong, L. S., Bautista, R., & Santos, J. E. (2020) · Global Business Review · doi:10.1177/0972150919901186 · Cited by 15
Using Spatially Explicit Marketing Data to Build Social Simulations
Ernst, A. M. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6134-0_5 · Cited by 13
McKay, M. T., Dempster, M., & Mello, Z. R. (2015) · Addiction Research & Theory · doi:10.3109/16066359.2015.1009830 · Cited by 13
Impact of a randomized possible selves experiment on new retirees’ physical activity and identity
Perras, M. G. M., Strachan, S. M., Fortier, M., & Dufault, B. (2016) · European Review of Aging and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s11556-016-0167-x · Cited by 13
Berki, T., Piko, B. F., & Page, R. M. (2020) · Physical Culture and Sport Studies and Research · doi:10.2478/pcssr-2020-0009 · Cited by 13
Ahmad, B., & Nasir, N. (2022) · South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management · doi:10.1177/23220937221090413 · Cited by 19
Meijer, E., Gebhardt, W. A., van Laar, C., Chavannes, N. H., & van den Putte, B. (2022) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-022-00937-y · Cited by 12
Breaking the Cycle of Deprivation: An Experimental Evaluation of an Early Childhood Intervention
Doyle, O. (2012) · Arrow@dit (Dublin Institute of Technology) · Cited by 13
Lowenthal, E. D., Marukutira, T., Chapman, J., Mokete, K., Riva, K., Tshume, O., Eby, J., Matshaba, M., Anabwani, G. M., Gross, R., et al. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0109302 · Cited by 13
Job Search Behaviour and Time Preferences: Testing Exponential Versus Hyperbolic Discounting
van Huizen, T., & Plantenga, J. (2014) · De Economist · doi:10.1007/s10645-014-9231-y · Cited by 13
Enhancing self-control in consumer decisions
Haws, K. L. (2016) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.10.026 · Cited by 17
Grateful people are happier because they have fond memories of their past
Zhang, J. W. (2019) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2019.109602 · Cited by 16
Muncy, J. A., & Iyer, R. (2019) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.21304 · Cited by 13
Byrd, K., & Almanza, B. A. (2020) · Journal of Foodservice Business Research · doi:10.1080/15378020.2020.1849765 · Cited by 13
Yorkovsky, Y., & Zysberg, L. (2021) · Athens Journal of Social Sciences · doi:10.30958/ajss.8-2-1 · Cited by 15
Unger, A., Papastamatelou, J., Vowinckel, J. C., Klamut, O., & Heger, A. (2022) · Psychological Studies · doi:10.1007/s12646-022-00640-3 · Cited by 17
Abstractness and Messages Describing Consequences Promote Healthier Behavioral Intentions
Carrera, P., Muñoz, D., Fernández, I., & Caballero, A. (2018) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.2018.1486801 · Cited by 13
Characterizing the role of unpredictability within different dimensions of early life adversity
Farkas, B. C., & Jacquet, P. O. (2024) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s095457942400155x · Cited by 12
Future work self salience: A systematic review and future research agenda
Talluri, S. B., Strauss, K., Newman, A., & Voigt, J. (2025) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.70018 · Cited by 12
Network analysis of psychometric life history indicators
Manson, J. H., & Kruger, D. J. (2022) · Evolution and Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2022.01.004 · Cited by 13
Time preference and nutrition label use: Evidence from China
Guan, L., Huang, Z., & Jin, S. (2022) · Economics & Human Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ehb.2022.101184 · Cited by 12
Olivera-Figueroa, L. A., Unger, A., Papastamatelou, J., & Zimbardo, P. G. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20043625 · Cited by 14
How is Patient Adherence Possible? A Novel Mechanistic Model of Adherence Based on Humanities
Reach, G. (2023) · Patient Preference and Adherence · doi:10.2147/ppa.s419277 · Cited by 14
Sun, S., Cao, X., Li, X., Nyeong, Y., Zhang, X., & Wang, Z. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19842 · Cited by 13
Carvalho, L., Prina, S., & Sydnor, J. (2013) · Cited by 13
Camps, J., Graso, M., & Brebels, L. (2019) · Academy of Management Perspectives · doi:10.5465/amp.2018.0003 · Cited by 12
Hollis‐Hansen, K., Seidman, J. S., O’Donnell, S. E., & Epstein, L. H. (2020) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2020.104757 · Cited by 14
Sun, M., Ma, X., Jiang, L., & Wen, N. (2021) · Environmental Communication · doi:10.1080/17524032.2021.1941177 · Cited by 13
Wang, X. (2022) · Current Research in Ecological and Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cresp.2022.100065 · Cited by 12
Tuu, H. H., Olsen, S. O., & Khôi, N. H. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-04054-2 · Cited by 13
A Curriculum for Human Behavior in the Social Environment
Zaparanick, T. L., & Wodarski, J. S. (2005) · Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment · doi:10.1300/j137v10n03_01 · Cited by 12
Storr, S. M., & SPARKS, P. B. (2016) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2016.1149585 · Cited by 12
Self-Organizing Cooperative Dynamics in Government Extended Enterprises
John, L., John, G. B., Parker, M., Sauser, B. J., & Wade, J. P. (2017) · IEEE Systems Journal · doi:10.1109/jsyst.2016.2647598 · Cited by 11
Romaine, C. L. R. (2018) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/2167696818768013 · Cited by 12
Xu, F.-M., Huang, L., Zhang, H., Xiang, P., Liu, T.-J., & Li, Y.-H. (2020) · Advances in Psychological Science · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1042.2020.00681 · Cited by 5
Kübel, S. L., & Wittmann, M. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17228477 · Cited by 16
Miller, D. J., Niziol, L. M., Elam, A. R., Heisler, M., Lee, P. P., Resnicow, K., Musch, D. C., Darnley-Fisch, D. A., Mitchell, J. A., & Newman-Casey, P. A. (2021) · Ophthalmology Glaucoma · doi:10.1016/j.ogla.2021.06.001 · Cited by 13
Hsu, C., & Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S. (2016) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.03.040 · Cited by 12
Heard, C. L., Rakow, T., & Spiegelhalter, D. J. (2018) · Applied Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1002/acp.3381 · Cited by 12
Risky health and safety habits related to perceived value of the future
Björgvinsson, Þ., & Wilde, G. J. S. (1996) · Safety Science · doi:10.1016/0925-7535(96)00003-3 · Cited by 12
Martorano, B., Handa, S., Halpern, C. T., & Thirumurthy, H. (2014) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 12
Excessive Buying: The Construct and a Causal Model
Wu, L. (2006) · SMARTech Repository (Georgia Institute of Technology) · Cited by 12
Syropoulos, S., Law, K. F., & Young, L. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/hzwrt · Cited by 12
Xiao-Ju, W. U., Jun-Fang, C. H. E. N., Jia-Hui, F. U., Li, S., & Liang, Z. (2020) · Advances in Psychological Science · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1042.2020.01926 · Cited by 11
Mertens, E. C. A., Siezenga, A. M., Tettero, T., van Gelder, J., Tettero, T., & van Gelder, J. (2022) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-022-01025-x · Cited by 11
Lopez, R. B., Tausen, B. M., Traub, G., Marathia, E., & Saunders, B. (2023) · Current Research in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.crbeha.2023.100128 · Cited by 10
Xiao, X., Cai, J., & Yang, Q. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-05982-x · Cited by 11
Ioku, T., Song, J., & Watamura, E. (2024) · Big Data & Society · doi:10.1177/20539517241290217 · Cited by 18
Moss, S. A., Wilson, S. G., Irons, M., & Naivalu, C. (2017) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.2747 · Cited by 13
Individual Differences in Social Comparison
Buunk, A. P., Gibbons, F. X., Dijkstra, P., & Križan, Z. (2019) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190629113.003.0004 · Cited by 11
Metadata
- Authors
- Strathman, A., Gleicher, F., Boninger, D. S., & Edwards, C. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Missouri (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 1994-04
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 742-752
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2005320215
- Cited by
- 1,782
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 76 · 2025: 101 · 2024: 99 · 2023: 113 · 2022: 103 · 2021: 122 · 2020: 120 · 2019: 78 · 2018: 97 · 2017: 115 · 2016: 100 · 2015: 98 · 2014: 82 · 2013: 75 · 2012: 69
- FWCI
- 12.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Psychological and Temporal Perspectives Research
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Keywords
- consideration of future consequences, time preference, individual differences, emotion regulation, construct validation, scale development
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review