Mood regulation and emotional intelligence: Individual differences.

Carol L. Gohm·2003·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Abstract

In 3 studies (Ns = 250, 83, 236), an examination of differences in how individuals experience their emotions (meta-emotion traits of clarity, attention, and intensity) led to the identification of 4 distinct types (overwhelmed, hot, cerebral, and cool). When mood was manipulated, the types differed in how they initially reacted to the emotional situation, how they regulated their mood, and how they made judgments. In particular, one type of individual (the hot type) was more reactive to emotional situations than the others. Another type of individual (the overwhelmed type) regulated mood differently than the others, which led these individuals to make judgments that were also different. Overwhelmed individuals appeared unable or unwilling to avail themselves of critical affective information.

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Cited by (9)

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    Smith, Peter B., Peterson, Mark F., Schwartz, Shalom H. · 2002 · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology
  2. Emotion Regulation Across the Life Span: An Integrative Perspective Emphasizing Self-Regulation, Positive Affect, and Dyadic Processes
    Diamond, Lisa M., Aspinwall, Lisa G. · 2003 · Motivation and Emotion
  3. Affect and Retail Shopping Behavior: Understanding the Role of Mood Regulation and Regulatory Focus
    Arnold, Mark J., Reynolds, Kristy E. · 2009 · Journal of Retailing
  4. Awareness of subtle emotional feelings: a comparison of long-term meditators and nonmeditators
    Nielsen, Lisbeth, Kaszniak, Alfred W. · 2006 · Emotion
  5. Emotion Differentiation as Resilience Against Excessive Alcohol Use: An Ecological Momentary Assessment in Underage Social Drinkers
    Kashdan, Todd B., Ferssizidis, Patty, Collins, R. Lorraine, Muraven, Mark · 2010 · Psychological Science

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Mood regulation and emotional intelligence: Individual differences. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037//0022-3514.84.3.594
The paper
Gohm, C. L. (2003). Mood regulation and emotional intelligence: Individual differences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.84.3.594

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Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.