The DOI matches its Crossref record; 315 of the 326 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Aging and self-regulated language processing.
Open accessAbstract
An adult developmental model of self-regulated language processing (SRLP) is introduced, in which the allocation policy with which a reader engages text is driven by declines in processing capacity, growth in knowledge-based processes, and age-related shifts in reading goals. Evidence is presented to show that the individual reader's allocation policy is consistent across time and across different types of text, can serve a compensatory function in relation to abilities, and is predictive of subsequent memory performance. As such, it is an important facet of language understanding and learning from text through the adult life span.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“knowledge plays a critical role in activities such as reading comprehension, reasoning about possible actions in social contexts, and learning new information”
From Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development: Can the Functional Capacity of Older Adults Be Preserved and Enhanced? (2008) · cites this paper as Stine-Morrow, Miller, & Hertzog, 2006
In the citing paper
“Cognitive resources are best conceptualized as functional capacity created by the interaction between cognitive-processing efficiency and task-relevant knowledge”
From Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development: Can the Functional Capacity of Older Adults Be Preserved and Enhanced? (2008) · cites this paper as Stine-Morrow et al., 2006
Citations
Cites
Human agency in social cognitive theory.
Bandura, A. (1989) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.44.9.1175 · Cited by 8,263
Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research
Rayner, K. (1998) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.124.3.372 · Cited by 7,979
Fodor, J. A. (1983) · doi:10.7551/mitpress/4737.001.0001 · Cited by 7,734
Barsalou, L. W. (1999) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x99002149 · Cited by 6,887
The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition
Salthouse, T. A. (1996) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.103.3.403 · Cited by 5,902 · cited 4×
“…in a number of different ways in cognitive aging, for example, as declining speed of processing (Myerson, Hale, Wagstaff, Poon, & Smith, 1990; Salthouse, 1996), declining capacity of working memory (Carpenter, Miyake, & Just, 1994; Park et al., 1996), and as a functional decline in working…”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Psychology of Learning and Motivation
(2021) · The Psychology of learning and motivation/The psychology of learning and motivation · doi:10.1016/s0079-7421(21)x0002-3 · Cited by 5,082
(1998) · Cited by 4,875
Cummins, R., & Fodor, J. A. (1985) · The Philosophical Review · doi:10.2307/2184717 · Cited by 4,791
Plans and the structure of behavior.
Miller, G. A., Galanter, E., & Pribram, K. H. (1960) · doi:10.1037/10039-000 · Cited by 4,630
The role of knowledge in discourse comprehension: A construction-integration model.
Kintsch, W. (1988) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.163 · Cited by 4,618
Research works printed but not linked: 39
- Aaronson, 1984, The word-by-word reading paradigm: An experimental and theoretical approach., 31
- 10.1037/0882-7974.6.3.323 · DOI
- 10.1037/0882-7974.8.2.274 · DOI
- Baddeley, 1986, Working memory.
- 10.1037/0882-7974.3.1.84 · DOI
- 10.1037/0882-7974.12.1.50 · DOI
- Craik, 1992, Human memory., 51
- 10.1037/0096-3445.129.1.61 · DOI
- 10.1037/0278-7393.17.2.245 · DOI
- Haberlandt, 1984, Components of sentence and word reading times., 219
- 10.1037/0882-7974.8.4.538 · DOI
- 10.1037/0882-7974.1.2.159 · DOI
- Hoyer, 1989, Cognitive change as a function of knowledge access., 293
- Hultsch, 1984, Memory for text materials in adulthood., Vol. 6, 77
- 10.1037/0882-7974.14.2.245 · DOI · Paper page
- Kausler, 1994, Learning and memory in normal aging.
- 10.1037/0882-7974.14.1.99 · DOI
- 10.1037/0882-7974.10.3.458 · DOI
- 10.1037/0882-7974.6.3.337 · DOI
- 10.1207/s15326950dp3902&3_10 · DOI
- 10.1037/0278-7393.16.1.149 · DOI
- 10.1037/0882-7974.3.2.167 · DOI
- 10.1037/0278-7393.21.5.1263 · DOI
- 10.1037/0882-7974.15.2.335 · DOI
- Meyer, 1983, Learning and memory from text across the adult life span., 291
- Meyer, 1989, Memory improved: Reading and memory enhancement across lifespan through strategic text structures.
- 10.1037/0882-7974.2.4.331 · DOI
- 10.1037/0278-7393.14.4.676 · DOI
- O'Brien, 1995, Automatic components of discourse comprehension., 159
- 10.1037/0882-7974.11.4.621 · DOI
- Pavel, 1986, Fictional worlds.
- 10.1037/0003-066X.49.4.304 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/S0364-0213(03)00011-9 · DOI
- 10.1037/0882-7974.16.3.466 · DOI
- 10.1037/0882-7974.15.2.253 · DOI
- 10.1037/0882-7974.15.2.225 · DOI
- 10.1037/0882-7974.3.2.179 · DOI
- Wingfield, 1984, Running memory for sentences and parts of sentences., 351
- Wingfield, 2000, Language and speech., 359
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–188 of 188
Rawson, K. A., & Touron, D. R. (2009) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/a0016044 · Cited by 16
Haeuser, K. I., Demberg, V., & Kray, J. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00709 · Cited by 15
Reading in healthy ageing: The influence of information structuring in sentences.
Price, J. M., & Sanford, A. J. (2011) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/a0026028 · Cited by 15
Czarnek, G., Kossowska, M., & Sędek, G. (2015) · Experimental Aging Research · doi:10.1080/0361073x.2015.1021647 · Cited by 14
Wurm, L. H. (2011) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/a0022513 · Cited by 14
It takes a village: A multi-brain approach to studying multigenerational family communication
Dikker, S., Brito, N. H., & Dumas, G. (2023) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101330 · Cited by 13
Wannagat, W., Nieding, G., & Tibken, C. (2024) · Cognitive Development · doi:10.1016/j.cogdev.2024.101440 · Cited by 13
Liu, X., Mikels, J. A., & Stine‐Morrow, E. A. L. (2021) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Applied · doi:10.1037/xap0000285 · Cited by 13
Self-citationHautala, J., Salmerón, L., Tolvanen, A. J., Loberg, O., & Leppänen, P. H. T. (2022) · Reading and Writing · doi:10.1007/s11145-022-10265-7 · Cited by 13
Exploring age-related changes in inter-brain synchrony during verbal communication
Dikker, S., Mech, E. N., Gwilliams, L., West, T. V., Dumas, G., & Federmeier, K. D. (2022) · The Psychology of learning and motivation/The psychology of learning and motivation · doi:10.1016/bs.plm.2022.08.003 · Cited by 15
Mathey, S., & Postal, V. (2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-2-294-70165-8.50006-6 · Cited by 13
Age differences in resolving anaphoric expressions during reading
Shake, M. C., & Stine‐Morrow, E. A. L. (2011) · Aging Neuropsychology and Cognition · doi:10.1080/13825585.2011.607228 · Cited by 13
Self-citationVisual Acuity does not Moderate Effect Sizes of Higher-Level Cognitive Tasks
Houston, J. R., Bennett, I. J., Allen, P. A., & Madden, D. J. (2016) · Experimental Aging Research · doi:10.1080/0361073x.2016.1156964 · Cited by 12
Age-Related Sensory Deficits and Their Consequences
Peelle, J. E. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108552684.012 · Cited by 11
Proofreading in Young and Older Adults: The Effect of Error Category and Comprehension Difficulty
Shafto, M. A. (2015) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph121114445 · Cited by 11
Aging and the optimal viewing position effect in Chinese
Liu, P., Liu, D., Han, B., & Paterson, K. B. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01656 · Cited by 10
Atkin, C., Stacey, J. E., Roberts, K. L., Allen, H. A., Henshaw, H., & Badham, S. P. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-41791-1 · Cited by 10
Predictors of Adults’ Metacognitive Monitoring Ability: The Roles of Task and Item Characteristics
Follmer, D. J., & Clariana, R. B. (2020) · The Journal of Experimental Education · doi:10.1080/00220973.2020.1783193 · Cited by 10
Spoken narrative comprehension for young adult listeners: effects of competing voices and noise
Wasiuk, P. A., Radvansky, G. A., Greene, R. L., & Calandruccio, L. (2021) · International Journal of Audiology · doi:10.1080/14992027.2021.1878397 · Cited by 10
Memory Development across the Life Span
Ornstein, P. A., & Light, L. L. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470880166.hlsd001009 · Cited by 10
Contextual predictability enhances reading performance in patients with schizophrenia
Fernández, G., Guinjoan, S. M., Sapognikoff, M., Orozco, D., & Agamennoni, O. E. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.05.010 · Cited by 9
Reading Comprehension in Older Adults—Effects of Age, Educational Level, and Reading Habits
Riffo, B., Rojas, C., Helo, A., Véliz, M., Urzúa, P., Gutierrez, G., & Guerra, E. (2024) · Journal of Intelligence · doi:10.3390/jintelligence13010004 · Cited by 8
Adult age differences in parafoveal preview effects during reading: Evidence from Chinese.
He, L., Ma, W., Shen, F., Wang, Y., Wu, J., Warrington, K. L., Liversedge, S. P., & Paterson, K. B. (2021) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/pag0000639 · Cited by 8
Propositional density: cognitive impairment and aging
Harrag, C., Sabil, A., Conceição, M. C., & Radvansky, G. A. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1434506 · Cited by 9
Situation model updating in young and older adults
Mannaert, L. H., & Katinka Dijkstra, B. (2019) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1177/0165025419874125 · Cited by 8
Visual word recognition among oldest old people: The effect of age and cognitive load
Rojas, C., Riffo, B., & Guerra, E. (2022) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.1007048 · Cited by 8
Strickland-Hughes, C. M., & West, R. L. (2022) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci12040465 · Cited by 7
Reading comprehension is both incremental and segmental—and the balance may shift with aging
Stine‐Morrow, E. A. L., & McCall, G. S. (2022) · The Psychology of learning and motivation/The psychology of learning and motivation · doi:10.1016/bs.plm.2022.08.005 · Cited by 8
Self-citationRiffo, B., Guerra, E., Rojas, C., Lagos, A. N., & Véliz, M. (2020) · Journal of Psycholinguistic Research · doi:10.1007/s10936-020-09718-3 · Cited by 7
PROCESAMIENTO DE CLÁUSULAS RELATIVAS ANIDADAS, MEMORIA OPERATIVA Y ENVEJECIMIENTO
Gutiérrez, B. M. A., Véliz, M., Riffo, B., & ROA-URETA, R. (2014) · RLA. Revista de lingüística teórica y aplicada · doi:10.4067/s0718-48832014000100008 · Cited by 7
Bartolucci, M., & Batini, F. (2019) · Educational Gerontology · doi:10.1080/03601277.2019.1658384 · Cited by 7
How Well Do You Think You Summarize? Metacomprehension Accuracy in Younger and Older Adults
Fulton, E. K. (2019) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbz142 · Cited by 7
Psychological Functioning in Adulthood
Artistico, D., Berry, J. M., Black, J. G., Cervone, D., Lee, C., & Orom, H. (2011) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199736300.013.0065 · Cited by 7
Syntactic comprehension priming and lexical boost effects in older adults
van Boxtel, W. S., & Lawyer, L. A. (2022) · Language Cognition and Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/23273798.2022.2091151 · Cited by 9
Stine‐Morrow, E. A. L., & Shake, M. C. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-008045046-9.01872-6 · Cited by 7
Self-citationBoechler, P., Foth, D. L., & Watchorn, R. (2006) · E-Learn: World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education · Cited by 6
Hertzog, C. K., Price, J., & Murray, R. G. (2020) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/pag0000574 · Cited by 6
Self-citationHow do Chilean seniors think about arguing?
Yáñéz, C. S., Hample, D., & Hample, J. (2021) · Journal of Argumentation in Context · doi:10.1075/jaic.20002.san · Cited by 6
Age differences in self-set goal effects for memory
West, R. L., Strickland-Hughes, C. M., & Smith, K. A. (2017) · Aging Neuropsychology and Cognition · doi:10.1080/13825585.2017.1327013 · Cited by 6
Beyond the N400: Confirmed and Disconfirmed Lexical Predictions in Aging
Cheimariou, S., & Morett, L. M. (2023) · Communication Disorders Quarterly · doi:10.1177/15257401231169207 · Cited by 5
Age Differences in Eye Movements During Reading: Degenerative Problems or Compensatory Strategy?
Moreno, J. D., León, J. A., Martín-Arnal, L. A., & Botella, J. (2018) · European Psychologist · doi:10.1027/1016-9040/a000344 · Cited by 5
Age Differences in Outdated Information Processing During News Reports Reading
Maury, P., Besse, F., & Martin, S. (2010) · Experimental Aging Research · doi:10.1080/0361073x.2010.511962 · Cited by 5
Sensory constraints on perceptual simulation during sentence reading.
Gao, X., & Jiang, T. (2017) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037/xhp0000475 · Cited by 5
Wang, M., & Wang, M. (2024) · International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders · doi:10.1111/1460-6984.13023 · Cited by 4
Procesamiento de oraciones ambiguas de vía muerta y envejecimiento: un estudio experimental
Véliz, M., Riffo, B., Aguilar, V., & Sáez, K. L. (2011) · ONOMAZEIN · doi:10.7764/onomazein.24.09 · Cited by 4
Chin, J., Stine‐Morrow, E. A. L., Morrow, D. G., Gao, X., Conner-Garcia, T., Graumlich, J. F., & Murray, M. D. (2011) · Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting · doi:10.1177/1071181311551031 · Cited by 4
Self-citationOh, S. J., Sung, J. E., & Lee, S. (2022) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2022_jslhr-21-00338 · Cited by 4
Effects of adults aging on word encoding in reading Chinese: evidence from disappearing text
Liu, Z., Pan, Y., Tong, W., & Liu, N. (2017) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.2897 · Cited by 4
龚, 馨. (2023) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2023.135213 · Cited by 3
Abdollahi, F., Grey, S., & van Hell, J. G. (2021) · Journal of Neurolinguistics · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroling.2021.101023 · Cited by 4
The Effects of Prior Knowledge of the Target Form on Noticing during Output Production
신정아 (2010) · English Teaching · doi:10.15858/engtea.65.1.201003.241 · Cited by 3
Véliz, M., Riffo, B., Salas-Herrera, J. L., & Roa-Ureta, R. H. (2018) · Alpha Revista de Artes Letras y Filosofía · doi:10.4067/s0718-22012018000100175 · Cited by 3
A process-knowledge approach to supporting self-care among older adults
(2022) · Psychology of Learning and Motivation · doi:10.1016/bs.plm.2022.07.003 · Cited by 2
Chen, D., Liu, Y., Zhang, Y., Guo, Y., & Cao, N. (2026) · Journal of Neurolinguistics · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroling.2026.101345 · Cited by 2
Moon, S. H., Choi, W., & Noh, S. R. (2021) · 한국심리학회지: 일반 · doi:10.22257/kjp.2021.3.40.1.75 · Cited by 2
So you think you can read? Generalized metacomprehension in younger and older adults
Fulton, E. K. (2021) · Aging Neuropsychology and Cognition · doi:10.1080/13825585.2021.2006598 · Cited by 2
Effects of task types and time interval conditions on age‐related decline in verbal working memory
Jo, E., Choi, S., & Sung, J. E. (2023) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12908 · Cited by 2
Eye Movement Behavior and Individual Differences in Word Identification During Reading
Folk, J. R., & Eskenazi, M. A. (2016) · Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-1005-5.ch004 · Cited by 2
Correa, A. L. G., & Véliz, M. (2020) · Revista de Estudios y Experiencias en Educación · doi:10.21703/rexe.20201940gomez5 · Cited by 2
The Adult Development of Cognition and Learning
Stine‐Morrow, E. A. L., & Parisi, J. M. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-044894-7.00474-7 · Cited by 2
Self-citationO’Leary, R. M., Capach, N. H., Hansen, T. A., Kinney, A. J., Payne, T. A., Wingfield, A., & Svirsky, M. A. (2024) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1177/17470218241301415 · Cited by 1
Huang, X. (2026) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-13083-9_5 · Cited by 1
Time Slows Down in the Future: Aging and the Brain Rhythms of Language
Murphy, E. (2025) · Topics in Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/tops.70019 · Cited by 1
Aging Effects on Perceptual Reading Span: Evidence from an Eye-Tracking Study
Shin, H. J., Sung, J. E., & Cho, Y. J. (2022) · Eon'eo cheong'gag jang'ae yeon'gu/Communication sciences & disorders · doi:10.12963/csd.22926 · Cited by 1
EFECTOS DEL ENVEJECIMIENTO EN LOS PROCESOS DE COMPRENSIÓN Y PRODUCCIÓN DEL LENGUAJE
Véliz, M. (2015) · Paideia/Paideia (Concepción. En línea) · Cited by 1
Aging and task representation updating
Frank, D. J. (2015) · NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro)
Stites, M. C. (2012) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
ARE THERE AGE DIFFERENCES IN SHALLOW PROCESSING OF TEXT
Burton, C. (2012) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Interference control in language processing: The effects of age and working memory
Gao, X. (2013) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
Aging and Situation Models in Korean Sentence Comprehension
Noh, S. R., 김미숙, & 소요섭 (2017) · 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 · doi:10.22172/cogbio.2017.29.2.007
Aging and semantic integration in sentence processing: Testing the cognitive workload of wrap-up
Payne, B. R. (2011) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
Positive deviance and teacher change
Quintero, S. C. (2015)
Do We Know What We Know? Self- Assessment Across the Lifespan
Lee, C. C. (2010)
Lemaire, P. (2015) · Questions de personne · doi:10.3917/dbu.lmaire.2015.01.0199
Can Feedback Boost Prospective Memory Performance?
Ren, Z., Liu, W., & Wang, L. (2023) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5406/19398298.136.1.06
Dynamics of Visuomotor Functions in the Aging Process: Analysis of Visual Path Speed
Kazubowski, P., Dośpiał, M. J., & Kazubowska, K. (2024) · Biometrical Letters · doi:10.2478/bile-2024-0012
Mollaei, F., Evans, H., & Pool, A. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0330808
Age and International Politics
Giannaros, S. J. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/obo/9780199743292-0333
Aging and semantic transparency effects in Chinese reading: evidence from eye movements
Cao, X., Du, Y., Jiang, Y., Zhang, R., & Wang, J. (2025) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-025-03687-9
Anurag, A., & Singh, N. (2026) · Language Cognition and Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/23273798.2026.2623632
Ageing, Cognitive Deterioration, and Verbal Disfluency: A Case Study in Thailand
Sirikanerat, T., & Siriwittayakorn, T. (2026) · Journal of Psycholinguistic Research · doi:10.1007/s10936-026-10260-x
de Araújo, M. V., Pereira, D. R., & Soares, A. P. (2026) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2026.1831374
Metadata
- Authors
- Stine-Morrow, E. A. L., Miller, L. M. S., & Hertzog, C.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Georgia Institute of Technology (US)
- Venue
- Psychological Bulletin
- Published
- 2006
- Volume
- 132
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 582-606
- ISSN
- 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1455
- PMC
- PMC2246038
- OpenAlex
- W2126917919
- Cited by
- 190
- References
- 326
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 2.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01 AG13935)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Keywords
- aging, adult development, allocation policy, processing capacity, reading comprehension, compensatory strategies, memory performance, reading goals, knowledge-based processes
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Cognition, Humans, Language, Memory, Social Control, Informal, Speech Perception
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review