The DOI matches its Crossref record; 58 of the 59 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Does computer-synthesized speech manifest personality? Experimental tests of recognition, similarity-attraction, and consistency-attraction
Abstract
Would people exhibit similarity-attraction and consistency-attraction toward unambiguously computer-generated speech even when personality is clearly not relevant? In Experiment 1, participants (extrovert or introvert) heard a synthesized voice (extrovert or introvert) on a book-buying Web site. Participants accurately recognized personality cues in text to speech and showed similarity-attraction in their evaluation of the computer voice, the book reviews, and the reviewer. Experiment 2, in a Web auction context, added personality of the text to the previous design. The results replicated Experiment 1 and demonstrated consistency (voice and text personality)-attraction. To maximize liking and trust, designers should set parameters, for example, words per minute or frequency range, that create a personality that is consistent with the user and the content being presented.
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“Much of the relevant research has focused on imbuing voice-based, embodied, and robot-based chatbots with personalities using nonverbal cues, such as gestures [20,21] gaze [22], voice tone and speed [23], and proximity [24].”
From Interacting with a Chatbot-Based Advising System: Understanding the Effect of Chatbot Personality and User Gender on Behavior (2022) · cites this paper as [23]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Nass, C., & Lee, K. M.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied
- Published
- 2001
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 171-181
- ISSN
- 1076-898X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2192
- OpenAlex
- W2164772857
- Semantic Scholar
- 97c709ce30c43e4333a89c78d4a48e7b4ce06693
- Cited by
- 522
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 9.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Psychology Applied (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › AI in Service Interactions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Social Robot Interaction and HRI
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Innovative Human-Technology Interaction
- Keywords
- similarity attraction, person perception, text-to-speech, trust, liking, online reviews, online auctions, extraversion-introversion, speech rate, frequency range
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Extraversion, Psychological, Female, Humans, Introversion, Psychological, Male, Social Perception, Speech Acoustics, Speech Perception, Internet
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