The measurement of executive function at age 3 years: Psychometric properties and criterion validity of a new battery of tasks.

Willoughby, Michael T., The Family Life Project Investigators, Blair, Clancy B., Wirth, R. J., Greenberg, Mark·2010·Psychological Assessment
DOI 10.1037/a0018708

Cited by (280)

Items 201–280 of 280

  1. Family Socioeconomic Status and Executive Function in Urban Chinese Children: The Effects of Cortisol Reactivity
    Meng Wu, Zhengyan Wang, Cong Cao, Qiong He · 2021 · Journal of Child and Family Studies
  2. A dynamic systems perspective towards executive function development: Susceptibility at both ends for inhibitory control
    Qiong Wu, Karina Jalapa, Soo Jin Han, Dania Tawfiq, Ming Cui · 2022 · Development and Psychopathology
  3. Executive Functions in the Classroom
    Clancy Blair, Nyu Steinhard · 2013
  4. Cognitive Distancing Language in Parent-Child Book Sharing Among Low-Income Mexican American and Chinese American Families: Cultural Group Comparisons and Links to Children’s Executive Functions
    Ezra Mauer, Emily Mak, Yuuko Uchikoshi, Rufan Luo, Qing Zhou · 2024 · Early Education and Development
  5. Impact of physical activity on executive function in primary school children with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review
    Gracia Cristina Villodres, Sofía Ruiz-Prieto, José Joaquín Muros · 2024 · International Journal of Developmental Disabilities
  6. Assessment of Executive Functioning and Social Emotional Learning among Adolescents
    Zekeriya Temircan · 2022 · Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry
  7. EF Touch – Testbatterie zur Erfassung der exekutiven Funktionen bei 3- bis 5- Jährigen
    Bianca Ulitzka, Henning Heinze, Monika Daseking, Julia Karbach, Caterina Gawrilow, Julia Kerner auch Koerner · 2023 · Diagnostica
  8. The “EF” in deficiency: Examining the linkages between executive function and the utilization deficiency observed in preschoolers
    Mary M. Stone, Fran C. Blumberg, Clancy Blair, Anthony A. Cancelli · 2016 · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
  9. Zum Zusammenhang von Verhaltensauffälligkeiten in exekutiven Funktionen und Intelligenzleistungen in der WPPSI-IV
    Sören Fiedler, Franziska Walter, Franz Petermann, Monika Daseking · 2018 · Kindheit und Entwicklung
  10. Executive Function Touch battery: Translation and preliminary measure validation for Pakistani preschoolers
    Hafsa Khalil Toor, Rubina Hanif · 2022 · PLoS ONE
  11. Executive Functions in Autism Spectrum Disorder
    Adam W. McCrimmon, Ryan L. Matchullis, Alyssa A. Altomare, Amanda D. Smith-Demers · 2016 · Autism and child psychopathology series
  12. Inhibitory Control and Executive Function
    Aaron Thomas Buss, Kara Lowery · 2019 · Elsevier eBooks
  13. Associations among symbolic functioning, joint attention, expressive communication, and executive functioning of children in rural areas
    Chun-Hao Chiu, Bradford H. Pillow, The Family Life Project Key Investigators · 2024 · International Journal of Behavioral Development
  14. Reactive temperament and self-regulation in preschool: Unique constellations impacting psychopathology
    Henning Heinze, Monika Daseking, Caterina Gawrilow, Catherine Gunzenhauser, Julia Karbach, Bianca Ulitzka, Julia Kerner auch Koerner · 2025 · Applied Neuropsychology Child
  15. The Degree of Fluctuations in Maternal Depressive Symptoms in Early Childhood is Associated with Children’s Depression Risk: Initial Evidence and Replication Between Two Independent Samples
    Qiong Wu · 2023 · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology
  16. The Applicability and Performance of Tools Used to Assess the Father-Offspring Relationship in Relation to Parental Psychopathology and Offspring Outcomes
    Jasmine Siew, Jane E. Iles, Jill Domoney, Florence Bristow, Zoe J. Darwin, Vaheshta Sethna · 2021 · Frontiers in Psychiatry
  17. The critical importance of follow-up to school age: Contributions of the NICHD Neonatal Research Network
    Sara B. DeMauro, Stephanie L. Merhar, Myriam Peralta-Carcelén, Betty R. Vohr, Andrea Freeman Duncan, Susan R. Hintz · 2022 · Seminars in Perinatology
  18. Can we predict non‐response in developmental tasks? Assessing the longitudinal relation between toddlers' non‐response and early academic skills
    Sybren Spit, Hanna Mulder, Carolien A. van Houdt, Josje Verhagen · 2022 · Infant and Child Development
  19. Raising a Difficult Child: Interplay Among Children’s Negative Emotionality Traits, Maternal Parenting, and Children’s Cognitive Development
    Kijoo Cha · 2018 · Early Education and Development
  20. Dynamic associations between emotion expressions and strategy use in Chinese American and Mexican American preschoolers.
    Yeunjoo Kim, Aya Inamori Williams, Chang Liu, Qing Zhou · 2022 · Emotion
  21. Bifactor structure of clinical disability in relapsing multiple sclerosis
    Eric Chamot, Ilya Kister, Gary Cutter · 2013 · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
  22. Factor structure of the BRIEF-P teacher version in a sample of Bosnian preschool children with intellectual disability
    Haris Memišević, Daniel Maleč, Arnela Pasalic · 2021 · Child Neuropsychology
  23. Structural Equation Modeling of Common Cognitive Abilities in Preschool-Aged Children Using WPPSI-IV and BRIEF-P
    Sören Fiedler, Nina Krüger, Monika Daseking · 2022 · Children
  24. BRIEF-A (forma abreviada): Análisis propiedades psicométricas en una muestra española
    Esperanza Basuela-Herreras · 2016 · Archivos de Neurociencias
  25. Executive function predicts academic and social skills in autistic kindergartners based on a multimodal approach
    Boin Choi, Haeun Lee, Laura Kuhn, Jeong-Jin Kim, Seok‐Jun Hong, Adriana Di Martino, Alessandro Gozzi, Michael Vincent Lombardo, Frederick J. Morrison, Catherine Lord et al. · 2025 · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
  26. Unity or Diversity in Executive Functions: Examining the Three‐Factor Model in Young Children
    Аleksander Veraksa, Morteza Charkhabi, Асланова Маргарита Сергеевна, Elena V. Dvorskaya, Якупова Вера Анатольевна · 2025 · PsyCh Journal
  27. Perspectives théoriques à l’égard des fonctions exécutives en contexte éducatif chez les enfants d’âge préscolaire
    Stéphanie Duval, Noémie Montminy, Aimée Gaudette-Leblanc · 2018 · Neuroeducation
  28. Do parent and self-report rating scales of executive function measure the same constructs with adolescents?
    Cynthia A. Riccio, Emily M. Jimenez, Jenna R. Schwartz, Hsiang-yu Chien · 2020 · Applied Neuropsychology Child
  29. Cognitive screening for children: Piloting a new battery of interactive games in 4- to 8-year-old children
    Markéta Jablonská, Iveta Fajnerová, Tereza Nekovářová · 2024 · Cyberpsychology Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace
  30. An Investigation of the Associations Between Counterfactual Reasoning and Executive Functions in Chinese Preschool Children
    Yanwen Wu · 2024 · Journal of Cognition and Development
  31. Trajectories of Executive Functions and ADHD Symptoms in Preschoolers and the Role of Negative Parental Discipline
    Eva Kühl, Sanne B. Geeraerts, Maja Deković, Kim Schoemaker, Tessa L. Bunte, Kimberly Andrews Espy, Walter Matthys · 2021 · Developmental Neuropsychology
  32. Associations of prenatal stress with 5-year-old children’s executive function in a low socioeconomic status population
    Daphne M. Vrantsidis, Mark A. Klebanoff, Keith Owen Yeates, Aaron Murnan, Peter A. Fried, Kelly M. Boone, Joseph R. Rausch, Sarah A. Keim · 2024 · Development and Psychopathology
  33. "Math Talk" in Families of Preschool-Aged Children: Frequency and Relations to Children’s Early Math Skills across Time.
    Susperreguy Jorquera, María Inés · 2013 · MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society)
  34. Transfer of Learning and Flexibility in Childhood
    Jérôme Clerc, Laureen Josseron · 2022 · Wiley eBooks
  35. Executive function and inhibitory control
    Aaron Thomas Buss · 2022 · Elsevier eBooks
  36. Early Family Experiences and Neural Activity in Rural Pakistani Children: The Differential Role of Gender
    Lopera‐Perez, Diana C., Obradović, Jelena, Yousafzai, Aisha K., Keehn, Brandon, Siyal, Saima, Nelson, Charles A., Tarullo, Amanda R. · 2024 · Developmental Psychobiology
  37. Apps for Intervention in Executive Functions in Young Children
    Sabrina Panesi, Laura Freina, Lucia Ferlino · 2022 · Advances in psychology, mental health, and behavioral studies (APMHBS) book series
  38. An evaluation of the psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties scale in Turkey: Implications for other non‐WEIRD countries
    Ted Ruffman, Bilge Selçuk, H. Melis Yavuz, Kubra Arikan, İ̇pek Tuncay · 2023 · Infant and Child Development
  39. Longitudinal profiles of executive functioning from infancy to 5 years of age—A FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study
    Anniina Karonen, Pauliina Juntunen, Akie Yada, Fiia Takio, Elisabeth Nordenswan, Eeva Eskola, Kirby D. Deater-Deckard, David J. Bridgett, Michelle Fernandes, Elina Mainela‐Arnold et al. · 2026 · Child Development
  40. Development of Executive Functions in 5- to 12- Years old Iranian Children with and without ADHD
    Ahmad Abedi, Sara Aghababaei, Adeleh Sharbaf Zadeh, Nasrin Zamani · 2014 · Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology
  41. Strengthening Developmental Science With Psychometric Evaluations: An Examination of the Spatial Arrangement Method as a Measure of Semantic Structure in Children
    Catarina Vales, Zach Branson, Anna V. Fisher · 2024 · Infant and Child Development
  42. Executive Functions and Material Objects: What Is the Role of Materiality in Early Executive Functions Research?
    Iván Moreno‐Llanos, Julieth Barreto · 2025 · Social interaction in learning and development
  43. Executive control in Hispanic children: Considering linguistic and sociocultural factors
    Miriam M. Martinez · 2014 · Lincoln (University of Nebraska)
  44. Effectiveness of Categorical Clustering as an Encoding Versus a Retrieval Strategy Among Preschoolers
    Mary M. Stone, Fran C. Blumberg · 2019 · Psychological Reports
  45. Children's Self‐Regulation and Executive Control
    Caron A. C. Clark, Miriam M. Martinez, Jennifer Mize Nelson, Sandra A. Wiebe, Kimberly Andrews Espy · 2014 · Well Being
  46. The Relation of Executive Functions to Active Coping Strategies and Internalizing Symptoms in a Community Sample of African-American Youth
    Arie Zakaryan · 2013 · Loyola eCommons (Loyola University of Chicago)
  47. Parenting, Attachment and Child Outcomes: Self-Regulation as a Developmental mechanism
    Rachel S. Birmingham · 2013
  48. Inhibitory control as a biobehavioral construct: Integrating perspectives across measurement modalities
    Noah C. Venables, Edelyn Verona · 2021 · International Journal of Psychophysiology
  49. Ready4Routines: Improving Child Executive Function Skills through Autonomy Supportive Parent-Child Reflective Routines
    Andrei D. Semenov · 2021 · University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy (University of Minnesota)
  50. Mothers’ and fathers’ executive function both predict emergent executive function in toddlerhood
    Andrew Ribner, Rory Thomas Devine, Claire H. Hughes, Clancy Blair · 2022
  51. Effects of early bilingualism on theory of mind development among children in economic adversity
    Huang Rong · 2022 · Scholars Archive - University at Albany (University at Albany, State University of New York)
  52. Relations Between Motor, Social, and Cognitive Skills in Young Children with Developmental Disabilities
    Helyn Kim · 2012
  53. Functioneren van Type 2 Processen en Tijdsdruk: Een Exploratief Onderzoek naar Verschillen tussen Volwassenen met een matige verstandelijke beperking zonder en met Probleemgedrag
    M. Braakhekke, D. de Wildt · 2013
  54. Explicit and implicit measures of weight-related attitudes in young children: associations with perspective taking and executive function
    Sarah Michelle Hutchison · 2015 · UVic’s Research and Learning Repository (University of Victoria)
  55. Executive function in young preschool children with symptoms of ADHD
    Annette Holth Skogan · 2015 · NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives
  56. Early Childhood Executive Functions: Components, risk factors, and interventions
    Meg Narwold · 2016
  57. PIRMSSKOLAS VECUMA BĒRNU VADĪBAS FUNKCIJAS UN VECĀKU BĒRNU MIJIEDARBĪBAS SAKARĪBAS PRESCHOOL AGE CHILDREN EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS AND PARENT CHILD INTERACTION RELATIONSHIPS
    Ilona Krone · 2013
  58. Análise da validade concorrente e discriminante do protocolo de avaliação de conceitos básicos para crianças pré-escolares
    Letícia De Carli Novaes · 2017
  59. The Association between Parental Scaffolding and Children's Executive Function
    Dorothea Hui · 2017 · ERA: Education and Research Archive (University of Alberta)
  60. Word learning from context : relations with language ability, socioeconomic status, and executive function
    Margaret Hill · 2017 · MOspace Institutional Repository (University of Missouri)
  61. Exploring the Relationships among Executive Functioning, Behaviour, and Adaptive Skills in Young Children
    Melissa Read, Karen Bax, Claire V. Crooks · 2019 · Scholarship@Western (Western University)
  62. The Influence Of Household Chaos And The Home Language Environment On Preschool-Age Children’s School Readiness
    Laura Mary Northerner · 2019 · Human Biology
  63. REFERENCES
    2016 · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development
  64. REFERENCES
    2013 · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development
  65. Comparing the Child-Friendly eFun App with Traditional Executive Function Tasks in a Sample of Adults
    Valeska Berg, Shane Rogers, Mark McMahon, Michael J. Garrett, Dominic Manley · 2022
  66. Children’s Ability to Save: The Effect of Resource
    Hana A. Ziani-Bey · 2021
  67. Importance of Motor Skills in Early Childhood
    Aditi Gandotra · 2022 · Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem
  68. Bilingualism in development
    Diane Poulin‐Dubois · 2023 · Studies in bilingualism
  69. Neurodevelopmental Follow-Up of High-Risk Newborns
    Peter J. Anderson, Petra Susan Hüppi · 2024 · Elsevier eBooks
  70. The effects of cumulative risk and cross-domain risk on preschooler's executive functioning performance : the buffering role of parental autonomy support
    Atara Siegel · 2021 · Scholars Archive - University at Albany (University at Albany, State University of New York)
  71. Executive Functioning Measures from Early Childhood to School Age: Exploring Prospective Associations
    Claudelle Houde-Labrecque, Marie-Pier Côté, Miriam H. Beauchamp, Annie Bernier · 2025 · Developmental Neuropsychology
  72. Contributions of Executive Functions To Listening Comprehension and Mediation Effects of Verbal IQ among Chinese Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
    Shuting Zhang, Dengfeng Ren, Jiaojiao Wu · 2025 · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
  73. Racial Stress, Social Support, and Racial Socialization Among Rural Black Mothers: Associations With Preschoolers' Executive Functioning
    Qiong Wu, Xinyun Kaikai Zhang, Chioma Veronica Opara, Ming Cui, Penny A. Ralston · 2025 · Family Process
  74. Mind wandering and its relationship with sustained attention and executive functions in preschoolers
    Camilla Ziane, Claire Wardak, Suliann Ben Hamed · 2025 · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
  75. Étude des effets de l'entraînement du contrôle inhibiteur sur le développement cognitif et les apprentissages scolaires chez l'enfant : étude comportementale et en IRM
    Lisa Delalande · 2018 · theses.fr (ABES)
  76. Entraînement cognitif du contrôle inhibiteur, morphométrie et connectivité fonctionnelle au repos chez l'enfant d'âge scolaire
    Marine Moyon · 2019 · theses.fr (ABES)
  77. A study of neurocognitive processes involved in mental flexibility and learning in children and adolescents with and without pathologies
    Alexander Castilla · 2022 · theses.fr (ABES)
  78. The differential role of language and executive functions in the relation between socioeconomic status and theory of mind in preschool and school-aged children
    Julia Houdayer, Lorna Le Stanc, Margot Rémeau, Alex de Carvalho, Olivier Houdé, Lara Bardi, Grégoire Borst · 2026 · Trends in Neuroscience and Education
  79. Executive Functions in Autism
    Adam W. McCrimmon, Erica M. Makarenko, Abdullah S. Bernier, Sydney Dickner, Madison Waller · 2026 · Autism and child psychopathology series
  80. The EIIOS Task: Executive Function and Word Learning at 18-months
    Leslie A. Patton · 2013 · Digital Commons - East Tennessee State University (East Tennessee State University)