An Item Factor Analysis and Item Response Theory-Based Revision of the Everyday Discrimination Scale
Abstract
The Everyday Discrimination Scale (EDS), a widely used measure of daily perceived discrimination, is purported to be unidimensional, to function well among African Americans, and to have adequate construct validity. Two separate studies and data sources were used to examine and cross-validate the psychometric properties of the EDS. In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted on a sample of African American law students (N = 589), providing strong evidence of local dependence, or nuisance multidimensionality within the EDS. In Study 2, a separate nationally representative community sample (N = 3,527) was used to model the identified local dependence in an item factor analysis (i.e., bifactor model). Next, item response theory (IRT) calibrations were conducted to obtain item parameters. A five-item, revised-EDS was then tested for gender differential item functioning (in an IRT framework). Based on these analyses, a summed score to IRT-scaled score translation table is provided for the revised-EDS. Our results indicate that the revised-EDS is unidimensional, with minimal differential item functioning, and retains predictive validity consistent with the original scale.
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- Authors
- Stucky, B. D., Gottfredson, N. C., Panter, A. T., Daye, C. E., Allen, W. R., & Wightman, L. F.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro (US)
- Venue
- Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology
- Published
- 2011-04
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 175-185
- ISSN
- 1077-341X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-0106
- 1099-9809
- OpenAlex
- W2059343171
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Law School Admission Council
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Keywords
- Everyday Discrimination Scale, perceived discrimination, African Americans, local dependence, bifactor model, multidimensionality, differential item functioning, scale revision, psychometric properties, predictive validity, gender differences
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Adult, Black or African American, Discrimination, Psychological, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Psychological, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Students, Reproducibility of Results, Multivariate Analysis, Black People, Young Adult
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