The DOI matches its Crossref record; 74 of the 74 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
What makes a good student? How emotions, self-regulated learning, and motivation contribute to academic achievement.
Abstract
The authors propose a theoretical model linking emotions, self-regulated learning, and motivation to academic achievement. This model was tested with 5,805 undergraduate students. They completed the Self-Regulated Learning, Emotions, and Motivation Computerized Battery (LEM–B) composed of 3 self-report questionnaires: the Self-Regulated Learning Questionnaire (LQ), the Emotions Questionnaire (EQ), and the Motivation Questionnaire (MQ). The findings were consistent with the authors’ hypotheses and appeared to support all aspects of the proposed model. The structural equation model showed that students’ emotions influence their self-regulated learning and their motivation, and these, in turn, affect academic achievement. Thus, self-regulated learning and motivation mediate the effects of emotions on academic achievement. Moreover, positive emotions foster academic achievement only when they are mediated by self-regulated learning and motivation. The results are discussed with regard to the key role of emotions in academic settings and in terms of theoretical implications for researchers.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Mega and colleagues (2014) demonstrate empirically that emotion and motivation mediate the relationship between SRL strategies and academic achievement.”
From Co-Designing For Integrity: A Student Partnership Approach to Developing Ethical AI Literacy Resources in Higher Education (2026) · cites this paper as Mega et al., 2014
In the citing paper
“In almost every study investigating reciprocal motivation and achievement relations, the need for experimental designs in which either motivation or achievement is manipulated is raised as a suggestion for future research (Marsh et al., 2016(Marsh et al., , 2018;;Mega et al., 2014;Pinxten et al., 2014).”
From Motivation-Achievement Cycles in Learning: a Literature Review and Research Agenda (2022) · cites this paper as Mega et al., 2014
Citations
Cites
Self-efficacy: The exercise of control
Bandura, A., Freeman, W. H., & Lightsey, R. (1999) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/0889-8391.13.2.158 · Cited by 46,835
A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality.
Dweck, C. S., & Leggett, E. L. (1988) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256 · Cited by 9,745
Classrooms: Goals, structures, and student motivation.
Ames, C. (1992) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.84.3.261 · Cited by 6,468
(1999) · Cited by 6,308
Zimmerman, B. J. (2000) · Handbook of Self-Regulation · doi:10.1016/b978-012109890-2/50031-7 · Cited by 6,069
Pekrun, R. (2006) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-006-9029-9 · Cited by 5,566 · cited 1×
“The control-value theory (Pekrun, 2006) implies that prospective outcome emotions are assumed to be a function of outcome expectancy, and retrospective outcome emotions are aroused when success or failure has occurred.”
Background(2000) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-109890-2.x5027-6 · Cited by 4,453
Self-Efficacy: An Essential Motive to Learn
Zimmerman, B. J. (2000) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1006/ceps.1999.1016 · Cited by 4,294
Self-Efficacy and Academic Motivation
Schunk, D. H. (1991) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.1991.9653133 · Cited by 4,292
Zimmerman, B. J. (2008) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/0002831207312909 · Cited by 3,735
Pintrich, P. R. (2003) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.95.4.667 · Cited by 3,459
A Conceptual Framework for Assessing Motivation and Self-Regulated Learning in College Students
Pintrich, P. R. (2004) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-004-0006-x · Cited by 3,269
Handbook of Educational Psychology
Berliner, D. C., & Calfee, R. C. (2013) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203053874 · Cited by 3,212
Pekrun, R., Goetz, T., Frenzel, A. C., Barchfeld, P., & Perry, R. P. (2011) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2010.10.002 · Cited by 2,248
Academic self-efficacy and first year college student performance and adjustment.
Chemers, M. M., Hu, L.-T., & Garcia, B. F. (2001) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.93.1.55 · Cited by 2,031
Academic Self-Concept and Self-Efficacy: How Different Are They Really?
Bong, M., & Skaalvik, E. M. (2003) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1023/a:1021302408382 · Cited by 1,994
The dynamic architecture of emotion: Evidence for the component process model
Scherer, K. R. (2009) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930902928969 · Cited by 1,553
The Control-Value Theory of Achievement Emotions
Pekrun, R. H., Frenzel, A. C., Goetz, T., & Perry, R. P. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012372545-5/50003-4 · Cited by 1,413
Implicit theories, attributions, and coping: A meaning system approach.
Hong, Y.-Y., Chiu, C.-Y., Dweck, C. S., Lin, D. M.-S., & Wan, W. (1999) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.77.3.588 · Cited by 1,358
Eccles, J. S., Wigfield, A., & Schiefele, U. (1998) · Cited by 1,331
Performance-approach goals: Good for what, for whom, under what circumstances, and at what cost?
Midgley, C., Kaplan, A., & Middleton, M. (2001) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.93.1.77 · Cited by 1,305
Approach-avoidance motivation in personality: Approach and avoidance temperaments and goals.
Elliot, A. J., & Thrash, T. M. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.82.5.804 · Cited by 1,280
An Achievement Goal Theory Perspective on Issues in Motivation Terminology, Theory, and Research
Pintrich, P. R. (2000) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1006/ceps.1999.1017 · Cited by 1,271
THE ROLE OF SELF-EFFICACY BELIEFS INSTUDENT ENGAGEMENT AND LEARNING INTHECLASSROOM
Linnenbrink, E. A., & Pintrich, P. R. (2003) · Reading & Writing Quarterly · doi:10.1080/10573560308223 · Cited by 1,257
Pekrun, R., Elliot, A. J., & Maier, M. A. (2009) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013383 · Cited by 1,255
Efklides, A. (2011) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.2011.538645 · Cited by 1,211
Dynamics of affective states during complex learning
D’Mello, S. K., & Graesser, A. C. (2011) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2011.10.001 · Cited by 1,101
Achievement Goal Theory at the Crossroads: Old Controversies, Current Challenges, and New Directions
Senko, C., Hulleman, C. S., & Harackiewicz, J. M. (2011) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.2011.538646 · Cited by 1,017
A 3 × 2 achievement goal model.
Elliot, A. J., Murayama, K., & Pekrun, R. H. (2011) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0023952 · Cited by 970
Achievement goals and optimal motivation: Testing multiple goal models.
Barron, K. E., & Harackiewicz, J. M. (2001) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.80.5.706 · Cited by 900
Achievement goals and discrete achievement emotions: A theoretical model and prospective test.
Pekrun, R., Elliot, A. J., & Maier, M. A. (2006) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.98.3.583 · Cited by 900
Focusing the Conceptual Lens on Metacognition, Self-regulation, and Self-regulated Learning
Dinsmore, D. L., Alexander, P. A., & Loughlin, S. M. (2008) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-008-9083-6 · Cited by 815
Walker, C. O., Greene, B. A., & Mansell, R. A. (2005) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2005.06.004 · Cited by 813
Theories and Principles of Motivation
Berliner, D. C., & Calfee, R. C. (2013) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203053874-10 · Cited by 540
Improving Measurements of Self-Regulated Learning
Winne, P. H. (2010) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.2010.517150 · Cited by 464
The Role of Epistemic Beliefs in Self-Regulated Learning
Muis, K. R. (2007) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520701416306 · Cited by 462
Goal Theorists Should Move on From Performance Goals
Brophy, J. (2005) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1207/s15326985ep4003_3 · Cited by 462
Students’ emotions and academic engagement: Introduction to the special issue
Linnenbrink‐Garcia, L., & Pekrun, R. H. (2010) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2010.11.004 · Cited by 461
Dupeyrat, C., & Mariné, C. (2004) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2004.01.007 · Cited by 459
Core reporting practices in structural equation modeling
Schreiber, J. B. (2008) · Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy · doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2007.04.003 · Cited by 453
Achievement Goal Theory and Affect: An Asymmetrical Bidirectional Model
Linnenbrink, E. A., & Pintrich, P. R. (2002) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1207/s15326985ep3702_2 · Cited by 448
Patterns of motivation beliefs: Combining achievement goal and expectancy-value perspectives.
Conley, A. M. (2011) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0026042 · Cited by 419
(2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-372545-5.x5000-x · Cited by 417
Understanding student motivation
Seifert, T. L. (2004) · Educational Research · doi:10.1080/0013188042000222421 · Cited by 408
Daniels, L. M., Stupnisky, R. H., Pekrun, R. H., Haynes, T. L., Perry, R. P., & Newall, N. E. G. (2009) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016096 · Cited by 374
Azevedo, R., Moos, D. C., Johnson, A. M., & Chauncey, A. (2010) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.2010.515934 · Cited by 352
Metacognition and Self-Regulated Learning Constructs
Sperling, R. A., Howard, B. C., Staley, R. K., & DuBois, N. F. (2004) · Educational Research and Evaluation · doi:10.1076/edre.10.2.117.27905 · Cited by 351
Huang, C. (2011) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0026223 · Cited by 326
The Role of Affect in Student Learning
Linnenbrink, E. A. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012372545-5/50008-3 · Cited by 324
The Psychology of Academic Achievement
Winne, P. H., & Nesbit, J. C. (2009) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100348 · Cited by 320
Linnenbrink, E. A. (2006) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-006-9028-x · Cited by 309
Lackaye, T. D., & Margalit, M. (2006) · Journal of Learning Disabilities · doi:10.1177/00222194060390050501 · Cited by 287
Self-Theories: Their Role in Motivation, Personality, and Development. Essays in Social Psychology.
Dweck, C. S. (2000) · Cited by 285
GREENE, J. A., & AZEVEDO, R. (2010) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.2010.515935 · Cited by 267
Introduction: Emotions in Education
Schutz, P. A., & Lanehart, S. L. (2002) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1207/s15326985ep3702_1 · Cited by 250
Epistemological beliefs and implicit theories of intelligence as predictors of achievement goals
Bråten, I., & Strømsø, H. I. (2004) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2003.10.001 · Cited by 216
Learning strategies, learning anxiety and knowledge acquisition
Warr, P. B., & Downing, J. (2000) · British Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1348/000712600161853 · Cited by 211
The half-life of cognitive-affective states during complex learning
D’Mello, S. K., & Graesser, A. C. (2011) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2011.613668 · Cited by 206
Emotional experiences during learning: Multiple, situated and dynamic
Efklides, A., & Volet, S. (2005) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2005.07.006 · Cited by 177
Separation of performance-approach and performance-avoidance achievement goals: A broader analysis.
Murayama, K., Elliot, A. J., & Yamagata, S. (2011) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0021948 · Cited by 166
Self-regulated learning and self-directed study in a pre-college sample
Abar, B. W., & Loken, E. (2009) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2009.09.002 · Cited by 150
Seifert, T. L., & O’Keefe, B. (2001) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1348/000709901158406 · Cited by 146
Self-Regulation Behaviors in Underprepared (Developmental) and Regular Admission College Students
Ley, K., & Young, D. B. (1998) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1006/ceps.1997.0956 · Cited by 140
Ruban, L. M., McCoach, D. B., McGuire, J. M., & Reis, S. M. (2003) · Journal of Learning Disabilities · doi:10.1177/002221940303600306 · Cited by 129
Examining the stability of achievement goal orientation
Muis, K. R., & Edwards, O. V. (2009) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2009.06.003 · Cited by 120
Kennett, D. J., & Keefer, K. V. (2005) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/01443410500342062 · Cited by 114
McCann, E. J., & Garcia, T. (1999) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s1041-6080(99)80003-x · Cited by 113
Muis, K. R., Winne, P. H., & Jamieson‐Noel, D. (2006) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1348/000709905x90876 · Cited by 109
Emotion in the Hierarchical Model of Approach-Avoidance Achievement Motivation
Elliot, A. J., & Pekrun, R. H. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012372545-5/50005-8 · Cited by 109
Learning to Make Good Decisions: A Self-Regulation Perspective
Byrnes, J. P., Miller, D. C., & Reynolds, M. (1999) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00082 · Cited by 93
College Students’ Beliefs about Exam Preparation
Etten, S. V., Freebern, G., & Pressley, M. G. (1997) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1006/ceps.1997.0933 · Cited by 91
Relationships between student cognitions and their effects on study strategies
Ferla, J., Valcke, M., & Schuyten, G. (2008) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2007.11.003 · Cited by 71
Academic Goals and Emotions: A Test of Two Models
Seifert, T. L. (1995) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.1995.9914926 · Cited by 58
THE ASSESSMENT OF SELF-REGULATION IN COLLEGE STUDENTS WITH AND WITHOUT ACADEMIC DIFFICULTIES
Cornoldi, C., Debeni, R., & Fioritto, M. C. (2005) · Advances in learning and behavioral disabilities · doi:10.1016/s0735-004x(03)16009-0 · Cited by 11
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The influence of academic self-efficacy on academic performance: a systematic review.
Honicke, T., & Broadbent, J. (2016) · Educational Research Review · doi:10.1016/j.edurev.2015.11.002 · Cited by 1,554
Hayat, A. A., Shateri, K., Amini, M., & Shokrpour, N. (2020) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-020-01995-9 · Cited by 812
Subjective well-being and academic achievement: A meta-analysis
Buecker, S., Nuraydin, S., Simonsmeier, B. A., Schneider, M., & Luhmann, M. (2018) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2018.02.007 · Cited by 726
Identifying significant indicators using LMS data to predict course achievement in online learning
You, J. W. (2016) · The Internet and Higher Education · doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2015.11.003 · Cited by 388
Bai, B., & Wang, J. (2020) · Language Teaching Research · doi:10.1177/1362168820933190 · Cited by 447
Metadata
- Authors
- Mega, C., Ronconi, L., & De Beni, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Padua (IT)
- ORCID
- Ronconi, Lucia
- Venue
- Journal of Educational Psychology
- Published
- 2014-02
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 121-131
- ISSN
- 0022-0663 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2176
- OpenAlex
- W2144200946
- Cited by
- 1,007
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 70 · 2025: 81 · 2024: 111 · 2023: 108 · 2022: 124 · 2021: 98 · 2020: 93 · 2019: 105 · 2018: 80 · 2017: 50 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 17
- FWCI
- 38.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Educational Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
- Social Sciences › Education › Educational Outcomes and Influences
- Keywords
- emotions, student self-regulation, motivation, academic performance, positive emotions, undergraduate students, mediation model
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review