Focusing the Conceptual Lens on Metacognition, Self-regulation, and Self-regulated Learning

Social Learning Theory

Kytle, J., & Bandura, A. (1978) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2065952 · Cited by 25,422 · see citing works

Untitled work

(1985) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 19,180 · see citing works

Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency

Bandura, A. (1982) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.37.2.122 · Cited by 15,975 · see citing works

Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive–developmental inquiry

Flavell, J. H. (1979) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.34.10.906 · Cited by 11,282 · see citing works

Social Learning Theory

Pierce, W. D., & Bandura, A. (1977) · The Canadian Journal of Sociology · doi:10.2307/3340496 · Cited by 9,733 · see citing works

Social Learning Theory

BANDURA, A. (1977) · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · doi:10.5281/zenodo.15521699 · Cited by 7,615 · see citing works

Handbook of reading research

Pearson, P. D., Barr, (. E., Kamil, M. L., Mosenthal, P. B., & Barr, R. (1991) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.28-5764 · Cited by 6,850 · see citing works

The general causality orientations scale: Self-determination in personality

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/0092-6566(85)90023-6 · Cited by 5,094 · see citing works

Tractatus logico-philosophicus

(2021) · Anthem Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctv22d4t7n.8 · Cited by 4,883 · see citing works

Handbook of Self-Regulation

(2000) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-109890-2.x5027-6 · Cited by 4,439 · see citing works

Untitled work

(1991) · Cited by 3,259 · see citing works

Metacognition

(1994) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/4561.001.0001 · Cited by 1,741 · see citing works

Self-regulation of learning and performance: Issues and educational applications.

Schunk, D. H., & Zimmerman, B. J. (1994) · Cited by 1,492 · see citing works

Measuring Self-Regulated Learning

Winne, P. H., & Perry, N. E. (2000) · Handbook of Self-Regulation · doi:10.1016/b978-012109890-2/50045-7 · Cited by 1,383 · see citing works

Self-Regulated Learning and Academic Achievement

(2013) · doi:10.4324/9781410601032 · Cited by 1,325 · see citing works

Metacognitive skills and reading

Baker, L. (1984) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,152 · see citing works

Handbook of Reading Research

Pearson, P. D. (2016) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315200651 · Cited by 1,151 · see citing works

A Motivated Exploration of Motivation Terminology

Murphy, P. K., & Alexander, P. A. (2000) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1006/ceps.1999.1019 · Cited by 922 · see citing works

Does Training on Self-Regulated Learning Facilitate Students' Learning With Hypermedia?

Azevedo, R., & Cromley, J. G. (2004) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.96.3.523 · Cited by 859 · see citing works

The role of cognitive engagement in classroom learning and motivation

Corno, L., & Mandinach, E. B. (1983) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461528309529266 · Cited by 853 · see citing works

Coming to Terms: How Researchers in Learning and Literacy Talk About Knowledge

Alexander, P., Schallert, D., & Hare, V. C. (1991) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/00346543061003315 · Cited by 782 · see citing works

Perceived self-efficacy in the exercise of control over AIDS infection

Bandura, A. (1990) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/0149-7189(90)90004-g · Cited by 771 · see citing works

First Discussant’s Comments: What is Memory Development the Development of?

Flavell, J. H. (2009) · Human Development · doi:10.1159/000271221 · Cited by 604 · see citing works

How Far Have We Moved Toward the Integration of Theory and Practice in Self-Regulation?

Boekaerts, M., & Cascallar, E. (2006) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-006-9013-4 · Cited by 583 · see citing works

Executive function in education: from theory to practice

(2007) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.45-1588 · Cited by 552 · see citing works

Improving the Writing, Knowledge, and Motivation of Struggling Young Writers: Effects of Self-Regulated Strategy Development With and Without Peer Support

Harris, K. R., Graham, S., & Mason, L. H. (2006) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/00028312043002295 · Cited by 509 · see citing works

Relation between intellectual and metacognitive skills: Age and task differences

Veenman, M. V. J., & Spaans, M. A. (2005) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2004.12.001 · Cited by 463 · see citing works

The differential effects of intrinsic and identified motivation on well-being and performance: Prospective, experimental, and implicit approaches to self-determination theory.

Burton, K. D., Lydon, J. E., D’Alessandro, D. U., & Koestner, R. (2006) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.91.4.750 · Cited by 442 · see citing works

Toward Meta-cognitive Tutoring: A Model of Help Seeking with a Cognitive Tutor

Aleven, V., McLaren, B. M., Roll, I., & Koedinger, K. R. (2006) · International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education · doi:10.3233/irg-2006-16(2)02 · Cited by 409 · see citing works

Relationships among Motivation Orientations, Metacognitive Awareness and Proficiency in L2 Listening

Vandergrift, L. (2005) · Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1093/applin/amh039 · Cited by 396 · see citing works

Self-Regulation of Learning within Computer-based Learning Environments: A Critical Analysis

Winters, F. I., Greene, J. A., & Costich, C. M. (2008) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-008-9080-9 · Cited by 382 · see citing works

Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus

Wittgenstein, L. (2003) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203010341 · Cited by 367 · see citing works

Uncovering the Problem-Solving Process: Cued Retrospective Reporting Versus Concurrent and Retrospective Reporting.

van Gog, T., PAAS, F. G. W. C., van Merriënboer, J. J. G., & Witte, P. (2005) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Applied · doi:10.1037/1076-898x.11.4.237 · Cited by 359 · see citing works

Metacognition and Self-Regulated Learning Constructs

Sperling, R. A., Howard, B. C., Staley, R. K., & DuBois, N. F. (2004) · Educational Research and Evaluation · doi:10.1076/edre.10.2.117.27905 · Cited by 351 · see citing works

A Region of Proximal Learning model of study time allocation

Metcalfe, J., & Kornell, N. (2005) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/j.jml.2004.12.001 · Cited by 329 · see citing works

What Is Learning Anyway? A Topographical Perspective Considered

Alexander, P. A., Schallert, D. L., & Reynolds, R. E. (2009) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520903029006 · Cited by 328 · see citing works

Adaptive Human Scaffolding Facilitates Adolescents’ Self-regulated Learning with Hypermedia

Azevedo, R., Cromley, J. G., Winters, F. I., Moos, D. C., & Greene, J. A. (2005) · Instructional Science · doi:10.1007/s11251-005-1273-8 · Cited by 306 · see citing works

Primary prevention of AIDS: psychological approaches

(1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.27-5154 · Cited by 303 · see citing works

Metacognition : core readings

Nelson, T. O. (1992) · Allyn and Bacon eBooks · Cited by 253 · see citing works

Exogenous, endogenous, and dialectical constructivism

Moshman, D. (1982) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/0273-2297(82)90019-3 · Cited by 245 · see citing works

Metacognition and Self-Regulation in James, Piaget, and Vygotsky

Fox, E., & Riconscente, M. M. (2008) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-008-9079-2 · Cited by 244 · see citing works

Metacognitive Monitoring Accuracy and Student Performance in the Postsecondary Classroom.

Nietfeld, J. L., Cao, L., & Osborne, J. W. (2005) · The Journal of Experimental Education · Cited by 230 · see citing works

The relationship between epistemological beliefs, implicit theories of intelligence, and self‐regulated learning among Norwegian postsecondary students

Bråten, I., & Strømsø, H. I. (2005) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1348/000709905x25067 · Cited by 217 · see citing works

Writing and Writing Instruction for Students with Learning Disabilities: Review of a Research Program

Graham, S., Harris, K. R., MacArthur, C. A., & Schwartz, S. (1991) · Learning Disability Quarterly · doi:10.2307/1510517 · Cited by 214 · see citing works

Explicit Self-Regulated Strategy Development Versus Reciprocal Questioning: Effects on Expository Reading Comprehension Among Struggling Readers.

Mason, L. H. (2004) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.96.2.283 · Cited by 211 · see citing works

Primary Prevention of AIDS: Psychological Approaches

(1992) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-116-12-1039_5 · Cited by 206 · see citing works

Effects of mood on students' metacognitive experiences

Efklides, A., & Petkaki, C. (2005) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2005.07.010 · Cited by 193 · see citing works

Motivational dynamics of children's academic help-seeking and concealment.

Marchand, G. C., & Skinner, E. A. (2007) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.99.1.65 · Cited by 188 · see citing works

Academic self‐handicapping: The role of self‐concept clarity and students' learning strategies

Thomas, C. R., & Gadbois, S. (2006) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1348/000709905x79644 · Cited by 169 · see citing works

THINKING ABOUT PEOPLE THINKING ABOUT PEOPLE THINKING ABOUT ... : A STUDY OF SOCIAL COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

Miller, P. H., KESSEL, F. S., & Flavell, J. H. (1970) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1970.tb01018.x · Cited by 161 · see citing works

Reflections on Theories of Self-Regulated Learning and Academic Achievement

Zimmerman, B. J., & Schunk, D. H. (2013) · doi:10.4324/9781410601032-13 · Cited by 155 · see citing works

The assessment and instruction of self-regulation in computer-based environments: a discussion

Veenman, M. V. J. (2007) · Metacognition and Learning · doi:10.1007/s11409-007-9017-6 · Cited by 99 · see citing works

Self-Regulated Strategy Development for Written Expression with Students with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Reid, R. R., & Lienemann, T. O. (2006) · Exceptional Children · doi:10.1177/001440290607300103 · Cited by 98 · see citing works

Methodological Problems and Pitfalls in the Study of Human Metacognition

Schwartz, B. L., & Metcalfe, J. (1994) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/4561.003.0007 · Cited by 94 · see citing works

Individual values, motivational conflicts, and learning for school

Hofer, M., Schmid, S., Fries, S., Dietz, F., Clausen, M., & Reinders, H. (2007) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2006.11.003 · Cited by 93 · see citing works

The Role of Children's Achievement Values in the Self-Regulation of Their Learning Outcomes

Wigfield, A. (2022) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203763353-5 · Cited by 90 · see citing works

Learning opportunities to support student self-regulation: comparing different instructional formats

van Grinsven, L., & Tillema, H. (2006) · Educational Research · doi:10.1080/00131880500498495 · Cited by 77 · see citing works

Self‐managed learning groups in higher education: Students' perceptions of process and outcomes

Lizzio, A., & Wilson, K. L. (2005) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1348/000709905x25355 · Cited by 73 · see citing works

The effects of cognitive-behavior modification on private speech and task performance during problem solving among learning-disabled and normally achieving children

Harris, K. R. (1986) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/bf00917222 · Cited by 63 · see citing works

A Classroom Investigation of the Growth of Metacognitive Awareness in Kindergarten Children Through the Writing Process

Jacobs, G. M. (2004) · Early Childhood Education Journal · doi:10.1023/b:ecej.0000039639.70536.13 · Cited by 48 · see citing works

The development of metacognitive causal explanations

Alexander, J. M., Fabricius, W. V., Fleming, V. M., et al. (2003) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s1041-6080(02)00091-2 · Cited by 29 · see citing works

Thinking About People Thinking About People

Shantz, C. U. (1982) · Contemporary Psychology · doi:10.1037/021153 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

Metacognition in Alcohol Abusers: How are Alcohol-Related Intrusions Appraised?

Hoyer, J., Hacker, J., & Lindenmeyer, J. (2007) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-006-9103-0 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

Does ADHD in Adults Affect the Relative Accuracy of Metamemory Judgments?

Knouse, L. E., Paradise, M. J., & Dunlosky, J. T. (2006) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054706288116 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Dispositional and situational learning goals and children's self‐regulation

Hole, J. L., & Crozier, W. R. (2007) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1348/000709907x196264 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Visual Analyses and Discriminations: One Approach to Measuring Students' Metacognition

Al‐Hilawani, Y. A. (2006) · American annals of the deaf · doi:10.1353/aad.2006.0012 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Categorizing and combining theories of cognitive development and learning

Byrnes, J. P. (1992) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/bf01417875 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Interactions of metacognition with motivation and affect in self-regulated learning: the MASRL model.

Efklides, A. (2011) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.2011.538645 · Cited by 1,211 · see citing works

What makes a good student? How emotions, self-regulated learning, and motivation contribute to academic achievement.

Mega, C., Ronconi, L., & De Beni, R. (2014) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0033546 · Cited by 1,007 · see citing works

Effectiveness of learning strategy instruction on academic performance: A meta-analysis

Donker, A. S., de Boer, H., Kostons, D., Dignath van Ewijk, C. C., & van der Werf, M. P. C. (2014) · Educational Research Review · doi:10.1016/j.edurev.2013.11.002 · Cited by 489 · see citing works

The Role of Direct Strategy Instruction and Indirect Activation of Self-Regulated Learning—Evidence from Classroom Observation Studies

Dignath, C., & Veenman, M. V. J. (2021) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-020-09534-0 · Cited by 403 · see citing works

Self- and social regulation in learning contexts: an integrative perspective.

VOLET, S., VAURAS, M., & SALONEN, P. (2009) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520903213584 · Cited by 374 · see citing works

Socially shared regulation of learning: a review.

Panadero, E., & Järvelä, S. (2015) · European Psychologist · doi:10.1027/1016-9040/a000226 · Cited by 355 · see citing works

Assessing self-regulated learning in higher education: a systematic literature review of self-report instruments.

Roth, A., Ogrin, S., & Schmitz, B. (2016) · Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability · doi:10.1007/s11092-015-9229-2 · Cited by 294 · see citing works

A critical discussion of deep and surface processing: What it means, how it is measured, the role of context, and model specification

Dinsmore, D. L., & Alexander, P. A. (2012) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-012-9198-7 · Cited by 205 · see citing works

The science of effective learning with spacing and retrieval practice

Carpenter, S. K., Pan, S. C., & Butler, A. C. (2022) · Nature Reviews Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44159-022-00089-1 · Cited by 184 · see citing works

Evaluating the metacognitive awareness inventory using empirical factor-structure evidence

Harrison, G. M., & Vallin, L. M. (2018) · Metacognition and Learning · doi:10.1007/s11409-017-9176-z · Cited by 182 · see citing works

Self-Regulated Learning in the Classroom: A Literature Review on the Teacher’s Role

Moos, D. C., & Ringdal, A. (2012) · Education Research International · doi:10.1155/2012/423284 · Cited by 177 · see citing works

A comparison of high and low achieving students on self-regulated learning variables

DiFrancesca, D., Nietfeld, J. L., & Cao, L. (2016) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2015.11.010 · Cited by 141 · see citing works

Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Programming Education: Theories and Exemplars of Use

Loksa, D., Margulieux, L., Becker, B. A., Craig, M., Denny, P., Pettit, R., & Prather, J. (2022) · ACM Transactions on Computing Education · doi:10.1145/3487050 · Cited by 140 · see citing works

Using metacognitive prompts to enhance self‐regulated learning and learning outcomes: A meta‐analysis of experimental studies in computer‐based learning environments

Guo, L. (2022) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1111/jcal.12650 · Cited by 141 · see citing works

Metacognition, Self-Reflection and Recovery In Schizophrenia

Lysaker, P. H., Vohs, J. L., Ballard, R., Fogley, R., Salvatore, G., Popolo, R., & Dimaggio, G. (2013) · Future Neurology · doi:10.2217/fnl.12.78 · Cited by 134 · see citing works

Thinking and Action: A Cognitive Perspective on Self-Regulation during Endurance Performance

Brick, N. E., MacIntyre, T. E., & Campbell, M. J. (2016) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2016.00159 · Cited by 131 · see citing works

Transfer of metacognitive skills in self-regulated learning: an experimental training study

Schuster, C., Stebner, F., Leutner, D., & Wirth, J. (2020) · Metacognition and Learning · doi:10.1007/s11409-020-09237-5 · Cited by 105 · see citing works

Promoting recovery from severe mental illness: implications from research on metacognition and metacognitive reflection and insight therapy.

Lysaker, P. H., Hamm, J. A., Hasson-Ohayon, I., Pattison, M. L., & Leonhardt, B. L. (2018) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.v8.i1.1 · Cited by 102 · see citing works

Metacognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia: Presence and Associations With Psychosocial Outcomes

Lysaker, P. H., Vohs, J., Minor, K. S., Irarrázaval, L., Leonhardt, B., Hamm, J. A., Kukla, M., Popolo, R., Luther, L., Buck, K. D., et al. (2015) · Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000000323 · Cited by 94 · see citing works

Leveraging what students know to make sense of texts: what the research says about prior knowledge activation

Hattan, C., Alexander, P. A., & Lupo, S. M. (2024) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/00346543221148478 · Cited by 90 · see citing works

Self-regulation strategies in blended learning environments in higher education: a systematic review

Eggers, J. H., Oostdam, R., & Voogt, J. (2021) · Australasian Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.14742/ajet.6453 · Cited by 89 · see citing works

Metacognitive approaches to the treatment of psychosis: a comparison of four approaches.

Lysaker, P. H., Gagen, E., Moritz, S., & Schweitzer, R. (2018) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s146446 · Cited by 70 · see citing works

A Componential and Functional Framework for Metacognition: Implications for Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management*

Sun, S. (2024) · Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management · doi:10.1108/s0742-730120240000042002

A Conceptual Framework to Integrate Research Programs on Self-Regulation in Education

Wortha, F., Gerjets, P., Azevedo, R., Bernacki, M., Brucker, B., Bühler, B., Ehlis, A.-C., Kasneci, E., Miyake, A., Murayama, K., et al. (2026) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-026-10196-7

Devising a Structural Equation Model of Relationships between Preservice Teachers' Time and Study Environment Management, Effort Regulation, Self-Efficacy, Control of Learning Beliefs, and Metacognitive Self-Regulation.

Şen, Ş., & Yılmaz, A. (2016) · Science education international · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Improving metacognition through self-explication in a digital self-regulated learning tool

Braad, E., Degens, N., Barendregt, W., & IJsselsteijn, W. A. (2022) · Educational Technology Research and Development · doi:10.1007/s11423-022-10156-2 · Cited by 46 · see citing works

An investigation of the role of contingent metacognitive behavior in self-regulated learning

Tüysüzoğlu, B. B., & Greene, J. A. (2014) · Metacognition and Learning · doi:10.1007/s11409-014-9126-y · Cited by 70 · see citing works

Metacognition in Collaborative Learning

Järvelä, S., Malmberg, J., Sobocinski, M., & Kirschner, P. A. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-65291-3_15 · Cited by 51 · see citing works

Metacognitive Awareness and Self-Regulated Learning toward Students’ Academic Achievement: Prediction study

Dangin, D., Setyawan, A. H., & Hartati, E. (2023) · International Journal of Social Science and Human Research · doi:10.47191/ijsshr/v6-i11-24 · Cited by 2 · see citing works