Motor impulsivity during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal biometric analysis of the go/no-go task in 9- to 18-year-old twins
Open accessAbstract
In the present study, we investigated genetic and environmental effects on motor impulsivity from childhood to late adolescence using a longitudinal sample of twins from ages 9 to 18 years. Motor impulsivity was assessed using errors of commission (no-go errors) in a visual go/no-go task at 4 time points: ages 9-10, 11-13, 14-15, and 16-18 years. Significant genetic and nonshared environmental effects on motor impulsivity were found at each of the 4 waves of assessment with genetic factors explaining 22%-41% of the variance within each of the 4 waves. Phenotypically, children's average performance improved across age (i.e., fewer no-go errors during later assessments). Multivariate biometric analyses revealed that common genetic factors influenced 12%-40% of the variance in motor impulsivity across development, whereas nonshared environmental factors common to all time points contributed to 2%-52% of the variance. Nonshared environmental influences specific to each time point also significantly influenced motor impulsivity. Overall, results demonstrated that although genetic factors were critical to motor impulsivity across development, both common and specific nonshared environmental factors played a strong role in the development of motor impulsivity across age. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).
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A wealth of behavioral evidence on reactive inhibitory control demonstrates that self-regulation improves from childhood to adulthood.
“A wealth of behavioral evidence on reactive inhibitory control demonstrates that self-regulation improves from childhood to adulthood (Bezdjian et al., 2014, Bunge et al., 2002, Casey et al., 1997, Casey et al., 2002, Durston et al., 2002, Marsh et al., 2006, Paulsen et al., 2015, Rubia et al., 2006, Rubia et al., 2013, Smith et al., 2011a, Tamm et al., 2002, Velanova et al., 2009, Veroude et al.,”
From The dual systems model: Review, reappraisal, and reaffirmation (2016) · cites this paper as Bezdjian et al., 2014
The Results (Descriptive Statistics; page not provided) report that no-go errors decreased across measurement waves, and the Discussion says go/no-go performance improved as the twins grew older. This supports improved response inhibition from ages 9 to 18, but the study did not follow participants into adulthood or assess self-regulation broadly. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Bezdjian, S., Tuvblad, C., Wang, P., Raine, A., & Baker, L. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Venue
- Developmental Psychology
- Published
- 2014-11
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 2549-2557
- ISSN
- 0012-1649 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-0599
- PMC
- PMC4685039
- OpenAlex
- W2012364387
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 1.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Developmental Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH58354, K02 MH01114-08)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (T32 DA07313)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- motor impulsivity, go/no-go task, commission errors, genetic factors, nonshared environment, twin studies, childhood, adolescence, developmental changes, heritability
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Biometry, Child, Child Development, Female, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychomotor Performance, Multivariate Analysis, Gene-Environment Interaction
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