Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) reduces the association between depressive symptoms and suicidal cognitions in patients with a history of suicidal depression.

Barnhofer, Thorsten; Crane, Catherine; Brennan, Kate; Duggan, Danielle S.; Crane, Rebecca S.; Eames, Catrin; Radford, Sholto; Silverton, Sarah; Fennell, Melanie J. V.; Williams, J. Mark G.

doi:10.1037/ccp0000027

Cited by 80Mindfulness and Compassion InterventionsSuicide and Self-Harm StudiesAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) reduces the association between depressive symptoms and suicidal cognitions in patients with a history of suicidal depression.

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Barnhofer, Thorsten, Crane, Catherine, Brennan, Kate, Duggan, Danielle S., Crane, Rebecca S., Eames, Catrin, Radford, Sholto, Silverton, Sarah +2 more·2015·Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

DOI 10.1037/ccp0000027PMC PMC4655869

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: In patients with a history of suicidal depression, recurrence of depressive symptoms can easily reactivate suicidal thinking. In this study, we investigated whether training in mindfulness, which is aimed at helping patients "decenter" from negative thinking, could help weaken the link between depressive symptoms and suicidal cognitions. METHOD: Analyses were based on data from a recent randomized controlled trial, in which previously suicidal patients were allocated to mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), an active control treatment, cognitive psychoeducation (CPE), which did not include any meditation practice, or treatment as usual (TAU). After the end of the treatment phase, we compared the associations between depressive symptoms, as assessed through self-reports on the Beck Depression Inventory-II (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996), and suicidal thinking, as assessed through the Suicidal Cognitions Scale (Rudd et al., 2001). RESULTS: In patients with minimal to moderate symptoms at the time of assessment, comparisons of the correlations between depressive symptoms and suicidal cognitions showed significant differences between the groups. Although suicidal cognitions were significantly related to levels of symptoms in the 2 control groups, there was no such relation in the MBCT group. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that, in patients with a history of suicidal depression, training in mindfulness can help to weaken the association between depressive symptoms and suicidal thinking, and thus reduce an important vulnerability for relapse to suicidal depression.

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MBCT focuses on attention and disengagement from negative thought patterns linked to rumination, ultimately reducing depressive symptoms.
“It focuses on attention and the disengagement from negative thought patterns linked to rumination, ultimately reducing depressive symptoms (Armstrong & Rimes, 2016; Barnhofer et al., 2015; Bishop et al., 2004; Cairns & Murray, 2013 ; Coelho et al., 2007; Dunn et al., 2024; Farb et al., 2018; Gu et al., 2016; Hargus et al., 2010; Omidi et al., 2013; Kabat-Zinn, 2003; Michalak et al., 2015;”
From Mapping mindfulness in psychotherapy: a scoping review on conceptualization, applications, and research directions (2026) · cites this paper as Barnhofer et al., 2015
The paper describes MBCT as helping patients attend to and disengage from negative patterns of thinking (opening passage; page not available). But the Results (Changes in BDI and SCS Scores; page not available) found no significant change in depressive-symptom scores; the Discussion says those symptoms remained relatively unchanged. The reported reduction was in suicidal cognitions, not depressive symptoms. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
In individuals with a history of suicidal depression, MBCT was more effective in reducing the link between depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts.
“In individuals with a history of suicidal depression, MBCT was more effective in reducing the link between depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts (Barnhofer et al., 2015)”
From Mapping mindfulness in psychotherapy: a scoping review on conceptualization, applications, and research directions (2026) · cites this paper as Barnhofer et al., 2015
Changes in decentering mechanisms have been studied in negative thinking present in patients dealing with recurrent and chronic depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety, and OCD.
“Changes in these mechanisms have been studied in negative thinking present in patients dealing with recurrent and chronic depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety, and OCD (Barnhofer et al., 2015; Farb et al., 2018; Hargus et al., 2010; Omidi et al., 2013 ; Landmann et al., 2019; Michalak et al., 2015; Armstrong, 2016; Segal et al., 2019; Teasdale et al., 2000, Williams et al., 2014).”
From Mapping mindfulness in psychotherapy: a scoping review on conceptualization, applications, and research directions (2026) · cites this paper as Barnhofer et al., 2015

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Mindfulness‐Based cognitive therapy for prevention of recurrence of suicidal behavior
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Authors: Barnhofer, T., Crane, C., Brennan, K., Duggan, D. S., Crane, R. S., Eames, C., Radford, S., Silverton, S., Fennell, M. J. V., & Williams, J. M. G.
Affiliations: Warneford Hospital (GB)
Bangor University (GB)
Corresponding author: Barnhofer, Thorsten
ORCID: Barnhofer, Thorsten
Crane, Catherine
Crane, Rebecca S.
Eames, Catrin
Williams, J. Mark G.
Venue: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2015-12
Volume: 83
Issue: 6
Pages: 1013-1020
ISSN: 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
1939-2117
DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000027
PMC: PMC4655869
OpenAlex: W1671727048
Cited by: 80
References: 32
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 5
FWCI: 9.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (vor)
Locations: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Bangor University Research Portal (Bangor University) (acceptedVersion)
Bangor University Research Portal (Bangor University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: Wellcome Trust (GR067797)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, suicidal depression, suicidal cognitions, depressive symptoms, relapse prevention, decentering, negative automatic thoughts, treatment-resistant depression
MeSH terms: Adult, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Recurrence, Suicide, Attempted, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Suicidal Ideation, Mindfulness

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Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) reduces the association between depressive symptoms and suicidal cognitions in patients with a history of suicidal depression.

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