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Ubiquitin modifications

Open access
Swatek, Kirby N, Komander, David·2016·Cell Research

Abstract

Protein ubiquitination is a dynamic multifaceted post-translational modification involved in nearly all aspects of eukaryotic biology. Once attached to a substrate, the 76-amino acid protein ubiquitin is subjected to further modifications, creating a multitude of distinct signals with distinct cellular outcomes, referred to as the 'ubiquitin code'. Ubiquitin can be ubiquitinated on seven lysine (Lys) residues or on the N-terminus, leading to polyubiquitin chains that can encompass complex topologies. Alternatively or in addition, ubiquitin Lys residues can be modified by ubiquitin-like molecules (such as SUMO or NEDD8). Finally, ubiquitin can also be acetylated on Lys, or phosphorylated on Ser, Thr or Tyr residues, and each modification has the potential to dramatically alter the signaling outcome. While the number of distinctly modified ubiquitin species in cells is mind-boggling, much progress has been made to characterize the roles of distinct ubiquitin modifications, and many enzymes and receptors have been identified that create, recognize or remove these ubiquitin modifications. We here provide an overview of the various ubiquitin modifications present in cells, and highlight recent progress on ubiquitin chain biology. We then discuss the recent findings in the field of ubiquitin acetylation and phosphorylation, with a focus on Ser65-phosphorylation and its role in mitophagy and Parkin activation.

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Metadata

Authors
Swatek, K. N., & Komander, D.
Venue
Cell Research
Published
2016-03-25
Volume
26
Issue
4
Pages
399-422
ISSN
  • 1001-0602 (ISSN-L)
  • 1748-7838
OpenAlex
W4210757594
Cited by
2,081
References
27
FWCI
51.91
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Ubiquitin modifications. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/cr.2016.39
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Swatek, K. N., & Komander, D. (2016). Ubiquitin modifications. Cell Research. https://doi.org/10.1038/cr.2016.39

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