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The effect of a low-fat, high-protein or high-carbohydrate ad libitum diet on weight loss maintenance and metabolic risk factors

Claessens, M, van Baak, M A, Monsheimer, S, Saris, W H M·2009·International Journal of Obesity
DOI 10.1038/ijo.2008.278
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Abstract

Background High-protein (HP) diets are often advocated for weight reduction and weight loss maintenance. Objective The aim was to compare the effect of low-fat, high-carbohydrate (HC) and low-fat, HP ad libitum diets on weight maintenance after weight loss induced by a very low-calorie diet, and on metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy obese subjects. Design Forty-eight subjects completed the study that consisted of an energy restriction period of 5-6 weeks followed by a weight maintenance period of 12 weeks. During weight maintenance subjects received maltodextrin (HC group) or protein (HP group) (casein (HPC subgroup) or whey (HPW subgroup)) supplements (2 x 25 g per day), respectively and consumed a low-fat diet. Results Subjects in the HP diet group showed significantly better weight maintenance after weight loss (2.3 kg difference, P=0.04) and fat mass reduction (2.2 kg difference, P=0.02) than subjects in the HC group. Triglyceride (0.6 mM difference, P=0.01) and glucagon (9.6 pg ml(-1) difference, P=0.02) concentrations increased more in the HC diet group, while glucose (0.3 mM difference, P=0.02) concentration increased more in the HP diet group. Changes in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, insulin, HOMAir index, HbA1c, leptin and adiponectin concentrations did not differ between the diets. No differences were found between the casein- or whey-supplemented HP groups. Conclusions These results s…

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Metadata

Authors
Claessens, M., van Baak, M. A., Monsheimer, S., & Saris, W. H. M.
Venue
International Journal of Obesity
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2009-01-20
Volume
33
Issue
3
Pages
296-304
ISSN
  • 0307-0565
  • 1476-5497
DOI
10.1038/ijo.2008.278
Cited by
132
References
9
Language
en
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)

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