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Cited by 241Muscle metabolism and nutritionPancreatic function and diabetesDiet, Metabolism, and Disease

Effect of long-term dietary protein intake on glucose metabolism in humans

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Linn, T., Santosa, B., Grönemeyer, D., Aygen, S., Scholz, N., Busch, M., Bretzel, R. G.·2000·Diabetologia
DOI 10.1007/s001250051521
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Abstract

Aims/hypothesis A meal rich in protein stimulates insulin secretion. Long-term effects of dietary protein on insulin release and glucose metabolism are, however, still not known. Our study focussed on the effect of different protein intake on pancreatic insulin secretion capacity, glycogen turnover and gluconeogenesis.Methods Subjects with constant (6 months) dietary protein of 1.87 +/- 0.26 g kg(-1) day(-1) (1.25-2.41) named high protein group and with 0.74 +/- 0.08 (0.57-0.80), normal protein group, were identified by a food questionnaire and were matched (n = 9) according to sex, age and calorie intake. They underwent an intravenous glucose tolerance test and a euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp with infusion of [6,6-2H2]-glucose combined with indirect calorimetry. To estimate net gluconeogenesis the usual diet was enriched by deuterated water or U-[13C6]-glucose and breath and plasma were sampled.Results Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was increased in the high protein group (516 +/- 45 pmol/l vs 305 +/- 32, p = 0.012) due to reduced glucose threshold of the endocrine beta cells (4.2 +/- 0.5 mmol/l vs 4.9 +/- 0.3, p = 0.031). Endogeneous glucose output was increased by 12% (p = 0.009) at 40 pmol/l plasma insulin in the high protein group, but not at higher insulin concentration whereas overall glucose disposal was reduced. Fasting plasma glucagon was 34% increased in the high protein group (p = 0.038). Fractional gluconeogenesis was increased by 40% in subjects receiving a high protein diet as determined by both methods.Conclusion/interpretation High protein diet is accompanied by increased stimulation of glucagon and insulin within the endocrine pancreas, high glycogen turnover and stimulation of gluconeogenesis.

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  • High protein intake could have adverse effects on metabolic function.

    “and could have adverse effects on metabolic function”

    From Preserving Healthy Muscle during Weight Loss (2017) · cites this paper as [120]

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Authors
Linn, T., Santosa, B., Grönemeyer, D., Aygen, S., Scholz, N., Busch, M., & Bretzel, R. G.
Affiliations
  • Witten/Herdecke University (DE)
  • Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
ORCID
Venue
Diabetologia
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2000-10-02
Volume
43
Issue
10
Pages
1257-1265
ISSN
  • 0012-186X (ISSN-L)
  • 1432-0428
DOI
10.1007/s001250051521
OpenAlex
W2074497389
Semantic Scholar
7e12ba375f9c9537cea1dec3acda695fb924cfcc
Cited by
241
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 17
FWCI
1.42
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • Diabetologia (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Keywords
dietary protein, high-protein diet, glucose metabolism, insulin secretion, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, endogenous glucose production, gluconeogenesis, glycogen turnover, glucagon, glucose disposal, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, heavy water, isotope tracers
MeSH terms
Insulin Secretion, Adult, Blood Glucose, Energy Intake, Calorimetry, Indirect, Deuterium, Dietary Proteins, Female, Glucagon, Gluconeogenesis, Glucose, Glucose Tolerance Test, Glycogen, Humans, Insulin, Liver, Male, Oxidation-Reduction, Pancreas, Surveys and Questionnaires, Glucose Clamp Technique

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