Adiposity attenuates muscle quality and the adaptive response to resistance exercise in non-obese, healthy adults

Peterson, M D; Liu, D; Gordish-Dressman, H; Hubal, M J; Pistilli, E; Angelopoulos, T J; Clarkson, P M; Moyna, N M; Pescatello, L S; Seip, R L; Visich, P S; Zoeller, R F; Thompson, P D; Devaney, J M; Hoffman, E P; Gordon, P M

doi:10.1038/ijo.2010.257

Cited by 40Nutrition and Health in AgingMuscle metabolism and nutritionMuscle Physiology and Disorders

Adiposity attenuates muscle quality and the adaptive response to resistance exercise in non-obese, healthy adults

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Peterson, M D, Liu, D, Gordish-Dressman, H, Hubal, M J, Pistilli, E, Angelopoulos, T J, Clarkson, P M, Moyna, N M +8 more·2011·International Journal of Obesity

DOI 10.1038/ijo.2010.257PMC PMC4147945

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Abstract

Background Emerging data have revealed a negative association between adiposity and muscle quality (MQ). There is a lack of research to examine this interaction among young, healthy individuals, and to evaluate the contribution of adiposity to adaptation after resistance exercise (RE).Objective The purpose of this investigation was to examine the influence of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) on muscle function among non-obese individuals before and after RE.Design Analyses included 634 non-obese (body mass index <30 kg m(-2)) subjects (253 males, 381 females; age=23.3 ± 5.2 years). SAT and muscle mass (magnetic resonance imaging-derived SAT and biceps muscle volume), isometric and dynamic biceps strength, and MQ (strength/muscle volume), were analyzed at baseline and after 12 weeks of unilateral RE.Results At baseline, SAT was independently associated with lower MQ for males (β=-0.55; P<0.01) and females (β=-0.45; P<0.01), controlling for body mass and age. Adaptation to RE revealed a significant negative association between SAT and changes for strength capacity (β=-0.13; p=0.03) and MQ (β=-0.14; P<0.01) among males. No attenuation was identified among females. Post-intervention SAT remained a negative predictor of MQ for males and females (β=-0.47; P<0.01).Conclusions The findings reveal that SAT is a negative predictor of MQ among non-obese, healthy adults, and that after 12 weeks of progressive RE this association was not ameliorated. Data suggest that SAT exerts a weak, negative influence on the adaptive response to strength and MQ among males.

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Young adults with higher BMI and greater SAT surrounding the bicep exhibited an attenuated gain in bicep strength with RT, despite a similar relative increase in muscle size as in those who were normal weight or had less SAT.
“For example, young adults with higher BMI and greater SAT surrounding the bicep exhibited an attenuated gain in bicep strength with RT, despite a similar relative increase in muscle size as in those who were normal weight or had less SAT (19,20).”
From Effects of resistance training with and without caloric restriction on physical function and mobility in overweight and obese older adults: a randomized controlled trial (2015) · cites this paper as [20]
The Results (Adaptive response to RE; page not available) report that greater biceps-area SAT was associated with smaller strength gains in males after resistance exercise, but not in females. SAT was not significantly associated with change in muscle volume in either sex. The paper does not establish higher BMI as a predictor of attenuated strength gains or report the claimed similar relative increase in muscle size. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Additional file 1 of Muscle Quality Index is inversely associated with psychosocial variables among Chilean adolescents
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Self-citation

Authors: Peterson, M. D., Liu, D., Gordish-Dressman, H., Hubal, M. J., Pistilli, E., Angelopoulos, T. J., Clarkson, P. M., Moyna, N. M., Pescatello, L. S., Seip, R. L., Visich, P. S., Zoeller, R. F., Thompson, P. D., Devaney, J. M., Hoffman, E. P., & Gordon, P. M.
Affiliations: University of Michigan (US)
Children's National (US)
University of Pennsylvania (US)
University of Central Florida (US)
University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
Dublin City University (IE)
University of Connecticut (US)
Hartford Hospital (US)
Central Michigan University (US)
Florida Atlantic University (US)
Corresponding author: Gordon, P M
ORCID: Peterson, M D
Hubal, M J
Pistilli, E
Moyna, N M
Pescatello, L S
Visich, P S
Thompson, P D
Devaney, J M
Hoffman, E P
Gordon, P M
Venue: International Journal of Obesity
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2010-12-07
Volume: 35
Issue: 8
Pages: 1095-1103
ISSN: 0307-0565 (ISSN-L)
1476-5497
DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2010.257
PMC: PMC4147945
OpenAlex: W2167633658
Semantic Scholar: 61ca8cc511efa466da5a4d6dbd9bb6b9358a66db
Cited by: 39
References: 64
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 1.08
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: International Journal of Obesity (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5t32hd007422-20)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS040606)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (5-T32-HD007422)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Keywords: adiposity, subcutaneous adipose tissue, muscle quality, resistance training, exercise adaptation, biceps strength, muscle volume, sex differences, healthy young adults, muscle function
MeSH terms: Adult, Body Composition, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Muscle Contraction, Body Mass Index, Muscle, Skeletal, Subcutaneous Fat, Adiposity, Resistance Training

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Adiposity attenuates muscle quality and the adaptive response to resistance exercise in non-obese, healthy adults

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