Cited by 2,198Advanced Proteomics Techniques and ApplicationsMass Spectrometry Techniques and ApplicationsBioinformatics and Genomic Networks

A draft map of the human proteome

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Kim, Min-Sik, Pinto, Sneha M., Getnet, Derese, Nirujogi, Raja Sekhar, Manda, Srikanth S., Chaerkady, Raghothama, Madugundu, Anil K., Kelkar, Dhanashree S. +64 more·2014·Nature

Abstract

The availability of human genome sequence has transformed biomedical research over the past decade. However, an equivalent map for the human proteome with direct measurements of proteins and peptides does not exist yet. Here we present a draft map of the human proteome using high-resolution Fourier-transform mass spectrometry. In-depth proteomic profiling of 30 histologically normal human samples, including 17 adult tissues, 7 fetal tissues and 6 purified primary haematopoietic cells, resulted in identification of proteins encoded by 17,294 genes accounting for approximately 84% of the total annotated protein-coding genes in humans. A unique and comprehensive strategy for proteogenomic analysis enabled us to discover a number of novel protein-coding regions, which includes translated pseudogenes, non-coding RNAs and upstream open reading frames. This large human proteome catalogue (available as an interactive web-based resource at http://www.humanproteomemap.org) will complement available human genome and transcriptome data to accelerate biomedical research in health and disease.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nature13302

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  • High-resolution mass spectrometry technologies now allow in-depth coverage of nearly complete proteomes of mammalian cells.

    “this situation has changed with the development of more sensitive and powerful high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) technologies that allow in-depth coverage of nearly complete proteomes of mammalian cells 13–17.”

    From Cell type- and brain region-resolved mouse brain proteome (2015) · cites this paper as [17]

    The Abstract and Discussion report that high-resolution mass spectrometry identified proteins corresponding to about 84% of human protein-coding genes, supporting in-depth coverage of the human proteome. But that coverage was pooled across 30 tissue and cell types; the Discussion describes sampling individual cell types more extensively as future work. The paper therefore does not establish nearly complete coverage of individual mammalian-cell proteomes. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Only 9 of the 953 genes with neuro-related IMPC phenotypes lack confirmed expression in any of the 34 neuro-related tissues tracked by IDG KMC.

    “Because only 9 of the 953 genes lack confirmed expression in any of the 34 neuro-related tissues tracked by IDG KMC (for example, GTEx40,41, HPA42 and HPM43), these data suggest that the remaining 80% of this set have the potential to be associated with human neurobehavioural phenotypes, paving the way for new research avenues in this direction (see Supplementary Table S8).”

    From Unexplored therapeutic opportunities in the human genome (2018) · cites this paper as [43]

  • Recent efforts to describe the composition and spatial distribution of proteins have advanced in draft maps of the human proteome and the Human Protein Atlas.

    “Recent efforts to describe the composition and spatial distribution of proteins have advanced in draft maps of the human proteome 40,41 and the Human Protein Atlas 2 , respectively.”

    From How many human proteoforms are there? (2018) · cites this paper as [40]

  • Protein expression levels cover roughly four to five orders of magnitude.

    “Since protein expression levels span around 4 to 5 orders of magnitude (13, 16, 37, 38)”
  • The protein products of 17,294 genes were identified and mapped in the draft human proteome using 30 human samples of tissues and cells.

    “Recently, the protein products of 17,294 genes were identified and mapped in the draft of human proteome using 30 human samples of tissues and cells (Kim et al., 2014).”

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Authors
Kim, M.-S., Pinto, S. M., Getnet, D., Nirujogi, R. S., Manda, S. S., Chaerkady, R., Madugundu, A. K., Kelkar, D. S., Isserlin, R., Jain, S., Thomas, J. K., Muthusamy, B., Leal-Rojas, P., Kumar, P., Sahasrabuddhe, N. A., Balakrishnan, L., Advani, J., George, B., Renuse, S., Selvan, L. D. N., Patil, A. H., Nanjappa, V., Radhakrishnan, A., Prasad, S., Subbannayya, T., Raju, R., Kumar, M., Sreenivasamurthy, S. K., Marimuthu, A., Sathe, G. J., Chavan, S., Datta, K. K., Subbannayya, Y., Sahu, A., Yelamanchi, S. D., Jayaram, S., Rajagopalan, P., Sharma, J., Murthy, K. R., Syed, N., Goel, R., Khan, A. A., Ahmad, S., Dey, G., Mudgal, K., Chatterjee, A., Huang, T.-C., Zhong, J., Wu, X., Shaw, P. G., Freed, D., Zahari, M. S., Mukherjee, K. K., Shankar, S., Mahadevan, A., Lam, H., Mitchell, C. J., Shankar, S. K., Satishchandra, P., Schroeder, J. T., Sirdeshmukh, R., Maitra, A., Leach, S. D., Drake, C. G., Halushka, M. K., Prasad, T. S. K., Hruban, R. H., Kerr, C. L., Bader, G. D., Iacobuzio-Donahue, C. A., Gowda, H., & Pandey, A.
Affiliations
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
  • Institute of Bioinformatics (IN)
  • University of Toronto (CA)
  • Imperial College London (GB)
  • Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (IN)
  • National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (IN)
  • Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HK)
Corresponding author
  • Gowda, Harsha
  • Pandey, Akhilesh
Venue
Nature
Published
2014-05-28
Volume
509
Issue
7502
Pages
575-581
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
OpenAlex
W2056499061
Cited by
2,198
References
45
Citations by year
2026: 59 · 2025: 93 · 2024: 110 · 2023: 150 · 2022: 151 · 2021: 201 · 2020: 177 · 2019: 176 · 2018: 203 · 2017: 244 · 2016: 253 · 2015: 276 · 2014: 102
FWCI
125.37
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (submittedVersion)
  • Omeka S (Universidad de La Frontera) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HHS-N268201000032C)
  • National Cancer Institute (U24CA160036)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM007814, U54GM103520, P41GM103504)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
Keywords
human proteome, proteome map, proteogenomics, non-coding RNA, upstream open reading frames, protein-coding genes, human tissue, hematopoietic cells, fetal tissue, tissue-specific proteins, long intergenic non-coding RNA, mRNA-protein correlation, Human Protein Atlas
MeSH terms
Adult, Cells, Cultured, Fetus, Fourier Analysis, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Humans, Organ Specificity, Pseudogenes, Mass Spectrometry, Protein Biosynthesis, Reproducibility of Results, Genome, Human, Open Reading Frames, Protein Isoforms, Internet, Untranslated Regions, Proteome, Gene Expression Profiling, Protein Transport, Protein Sorting Signals, RNA, Untranslated, Databases, Protein, Proteomics, Molecular Sequence Annotation

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