The DOI matches its Crossref record; 45 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cell diversity and network dynamics in photosensitive human brain organoids
Open accessAbstract
In vitro models of the developing brain such as three-dimensional brain organoids offer an unprecedented opportunity to study aspects of human brain development and disease. However, the cells generated within organoids and the extent to which they recapitulate the regional complexity, cellular diversity and circuit functionality of the brain remain undefined. Here we analyse gene expression in over 80,000 individual cells isolated from 31 human brain organoids. We find that organoids can generate a broad diversity of cells, which are related to endogenous classes, including cells from the cerebral cortex and the retina. Organoids could be developed over extended periods (more than 9 months), allowing for the establishment of relatively mature features, including the formation of dendritic spines and spontaneously active neuronal networks. Finally, neuronal activity within organoids could be controlled using light stimulation of photosensitive cells, which may offer a way to probe the functionality of human neuronal circuits using physiological sensory stimuli.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“hiPSC-derived astrocytes, which can be generated with a fast protocol in 2D layers104 or integrated in 3D systems such as spheroids and organoids105–108”
From Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions (2021) · cites this paper as [107]
In the citing paper
“Some protocols build on the principles of spontaneous neural induction by using medium that is free of neural induction signalling molecules2,27. This promotes the generation of diverse brain regions and cell populations2,28,29.”
From The use of brain organoids to investigate neural development and disease (2017) · cites this paper as [28]
In the citing paper
“Apart from growth factor cues, other modulators — such as scaffold support provided by the extracellular matrix — are important features of current protocols2,5,28.”
From The use of brain organoids to investigate neural development and disease (2017) · cites this paper as [28]
In the citing paper
“Although such regional diversity is appealing, it also leads to a relatively variable outcome and the differentiation of some cells into non-ectodermal cell types28,29.”
From The use of brain organoids to investigate neural development and disease (2017) · cites this paper as [28]
In the citing paper
“One important issue is that organoids derived from the same cell line under the same conditions can often produce tissues with different regional identities and spatial and cellular heterogeneity28,29.”
From The use of brain organoids to investigate neural development and disease (2017) · cites this paper as [28]
In the citing paper
“A recent paper used droplet-based single-cell mRNA sequencing to analyse gene expression in 80,000 cells from 31 brain organoids after 3 and 6 months in vitro28. Using principal component analysis, 10 distinct populations of cells (clusters) were identified in 6-month old organoids.”
From The use of brain organoids to investigate neural development and disease (2017) · cites this paper as [28]
In the citing paper
“As one might expect, 6-month-old organoids presented a greater diversity of cell types than 3-month-old organoids, as well as enrichment of genes associated with neuronal and glial maturation.”
From The use of brain organoids to investigate neural development and disease (2017) · cites this paper as [28]
In the citing paper
“Recently, it was demonstrated that photosensitive cells in retinal-like regions of brain organoids can respond to light28.”
From The use of brain organoids to investigate neural development and disease (2017) · cites this paper as [28]
In the citing paper
“Also, the authors observed that some cell types were only produced by a subset of organoids and that organoids grown in the same bioreactor tended to be similar in terms of their ability to make cells of each cluster, suggesting that batch effects and local microenvironments are important in patterning and possibly that organoids secrete signalling factors that influence sister organoids.”
From The use of brain organoids to investigate neural development and disease (2017) · cites this paper as [28]
In the citing paper
“In addition to these findings, electrophysiological studies have demonstrated functional synapses in several brain organoid models25,28, and electron microscopy has confirmed the presence of structurally defined synaptic junctions28.”
From The use of brain organoids to investigate neural development and disease (2017) · cites this paper as [28]
In the citing paper
“Several reports suggest that long-term organoid culture can improve the correlation between the molecular signatures of organoid and endogenous cells28,52.”
From The use of brain organoids to investigate neural development and disease (2017) · cites this paper as [28]
In the citing paper
“For example, a large number of cells were assigned to a mesodermal lineage, emphasizing the variability inherent in the protocol.”
From The use of brain organoids to investigate neural development and disease (2017) · cites this paper as [28]
In the citing paper
“These initial reports identified striking parallels among organoid development, human primary tissue and in vivo organogenesis”
From The organoid cell atlas (2021) · cites this paper as [10]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
(2008) · Journal of Machine Learning Research · Cited by 33,051
DAVID: Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery
Dennis, G., Sherman, B. T., Hosack, D. A., Yang, J., Gao, W., Lane, H. C., & Lempicki, R. A. (2003) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2003-4-5-p3 · Cited by 9,327
Highly parallel genome-wide expression profiling of individual cells using nanoliter droplets.
Macosko, E. Z., Basu, A., Satija, R., Nemesh, J., Shekhar, K., Goldman, M., Tirosh, I., Bialas, A. R., Kamitaki, N., Martersteck, E. M., et al. (2015) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.05.002 · Cited by 7,110
Self-citationSpatial reconstruction of single-cell gene expression data
Satija, R., Farrell, J. A., Gennert, D., Schier, A. F., & Regev, A. (2015) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.3192 · Cited by 7,055
Cerebral organoids model human brain development and microcephaly
Lancaster, M. A., Renner, M., Martin, C.-A., Wenzel, D., Bicknell, L. S., Hurles, M. E., Homfray, T., Penninger, J. M., Jackson, A. P., & Knoblich, J. A. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12517 · Cited by 5,372
Zhang, Y., Chen, K., Sloan, S. A., Bennett, M. L., Scholze, A. R., O'Keeffe, S., Phatnani, H. P., Guarnieri, P., Caneda, C., Ruderisch, N., et al. (2014) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1860-14.2014 · Cited by 4,875 · cited 1×
“Cluster c9 (17,103 cells) contained progenitors of neuroepithelial origin, including cells with an oligodendrocyte-precursor-like identity 20,26 .”
BackgroundCahoy, J. D., Emery, B., Kaushal, A., Foo, L. C., Zamanian, J. L., Christopherson, K. S., Xing, Y., Lubischer, J. L., Krieg, P. A., Krupenko, S. A., et al. (2008) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4178-07.2008 · Cited by 3,129
Zhang, Y., Sloan, S. A., Clarke, L. E., Caneda, C., Plaza, C. A., Blumenthal, P. D., Vogel, H., Steinberg, G. K., Edwards, M. S. B., Li, G., et al. (2016) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2015.11.013 · Cited by 2,295
Brain-Region-Specific Organoids Using Mini-bioreactors for Modeling ZIKV Exposure
Qian, X., Nguyen, H. N., Song, M. M., Hadiono, C., Ogden, S. C., Hammack, C., Yao, B., Hamersky, G. R., Jacob, F., Zhong, C., et al. (2016) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.04.032 · Cited by 2,127
Generation of cerebral organoids from human pluripotent stem cells
Lancaster, M. A., & Knoblich, J. A. (2014) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/nprot.2014.158 · Cited by 1,823
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 997
The promise of single-cell RNA sequencing for kidney disease investigation
Wu, H., & Humphreys, B. D. (2017) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2017.06.033 · Cited by 73
Brain organoids as models to study human neocortex development and evolution
Heide, M., Huttner, W. Β., & Mora‐Bermúdez, F. (2018) · Current Opinion in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2018.06.006 · Cited by 77
Modeling neuropsychiatric disorders using human induced pluripotent stem cells
Wang, M., Zhang, L., & Gage, F. H. (2019) · Protein & Cell · doi:10.1007/s13238-019-0638-8 · Cited by 76
Luddi, A., Pavone, V., Semplici, B., Governini, L., Criscuoli, M., Paccagnini, E., Gentile, M., Morgante, G., Leo, V. D., Belmonte, G., et al. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9051121 · Cited by 77
Stem Cells for Next Level Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century
Fritsche, E., Haarmann‐Stemmann, T., Kapr, J., Galanjuk, S., Hartmann, J., Mertens, P. R., Kämpfer, A. A. M., Schins, R. P. F., Tigges, J., & Koch, K. (2020) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.202006252 · Cited by 78
Six-month cultured cerebral organoids from human ES cells contain matured neural cells
Matsui, T. K., Matsubayashi, M., Sakaguchi, Y. M., Hayashi, R. K., Zheng, C., Sugie, K., Hasegawa, M., Nakagawa, T., & Mori, E. (2018) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2018.01.040 · Cited by 80
Roccio, M., & Edge, A. S. B. (2019) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.177188 · Cited by 76
Žagare, A., Barmpa, K., Smajić, S., Smits, L. M., Grzyb, K., Grünewald, A., Skupin, A., Nickels, S., & Schwamborn, J. C. (2022) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.12.009 · Cited by 75
Rigor and reproducibility in human brain organoid research: Where we are and where we need to go
Sandoval, S. O., Cappuccio, G., Kruth, K., Osenberg, S., Khalil, S. M., Méndez-Albelo, N. M., Padmanabhan, K., Wang, D., Niciu, M. J., Bhattacharyya, A., et al. (2024) · Stem Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.04.008 · Cited by 80
From 2D to 3D and beyond: the evolution and impact of in vitro tumor models in cancer research
Rauner, G., Gupta, P. B., & Kuperwasser, C. (2025) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/s41592-025-02769-1 · Cited by 82
Autism-associated SHANK3 mutations impair maturation of neuromuscular junctions and striated muscles
Lutz, A.-K., Pfaender, S., Incearap, B., Ioannidis, V., Ottonelli, I., Föhr, K. J., Cammerer, J., Zoller, M., Higelin, J., Giona, F., et al. (2020) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz3267 · Cited by 75
Organoid technology in cancer precision medicine
Xia, X., Li, F., He, J., Aji, R., & Gao, D. (2019) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2019.04.039 · Cited by 72
Liu, J., Jiao, Y., Liu, Y.-W., & Chen, W.-G. (2020) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.286955 · Cited by 76
Stretchable mesh microelectronics for the biointegration and stimulation of human neural organoids
Li, T. L., Liu, Y., Forró, C., Yang, X., Beker, L., Bao, Z., Cui, B., & Pașca, S. P. (2022) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121825 · Cited by 73
Towards manufacturing of human organoids
Ashok, A., Choudhury, D., Fang, Y., & Hunziker, W. (2019) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107460 · Cited by 73
The daunting polygenicity of mental illness: making a new map
Hyman, S. E. (2018) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2017.0031 · Cited by 75
Sood, D., Cairns, D. M., Dabbi, J. M., Ramakrishnan, C., Deisseroth, K. A., Black, L. D., Santaniello, S., & Kaplan, D. L. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-54248-1 · Cited by 72
Organoid Technology: Current Standing and Future Perspectives
Shariati, L., Esmaeili, Y., Javanmard, S. H., Bidram, E., & Amini, A. (2021) · Stem Cells · doi:10.1002/stem.3379 · Cited by 71
STAB: a spatio-temporal cell atlas of the human brain
Song, L., Pan, S., Zhang, Z.-C., Jia, L., Chen, W.-H., & Zhao, X. (2020) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkaa762 · Cited by 65
Organs to Cells and Cells to Organoids: The Evolution of in vitro Central Nervous System Modelling
Pacitti, D., Privolizzi, R., & Bax, B. E. (2019) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00129 · Cited by 66
Genome Editing in iPSC-Based Neural Systems: From Disease Models to Future Therapeutic Strategies
McTague, A., Rossignoli, G., Ferrini, A., Barral, S., & Kurian, M. A. (2021) · Frontiers in Genome Editing · doi:10.3389/fgeed.2021.630600 · Cited by 67
Brain organoids as a model system for human neurodevelopment and disease
Setia, H., & Muotri, A. R. (2019) · Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.03.002 · Cited by 67
Nakamura, M., Shiozawa, S., Tsuboi, D., Amano, M., Watanabe, H., Maeda, S., Kimura, T., Yoshimatsu, S., Kisa, F., Karch, C. M. M., et al. (2019) · Stem Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.08.011 · Cited by 64
Human Cortical Organoids Expose a Differential Function of GSK3 on Cortical Neurogenesis
Tobon, A., Villa, C. E., Cheroni, C., Trattaro, S., Caporale, N., Conforti, P., Iennaco, R., Lachgar-Ruiz, M., Rigoli, M. T., de la Cruz, B. M., et al. (2019) · Stem Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.09.005 · Cited by 62
FICD activity and AMPylation remodelling modulate human neurogenesis
Kielkowski, P., Buchsbaum, I. Y., Kirsch, V. C., Bach, N. C., Drukker, M., Cappello, S., & Sieber, S. A. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-14235-6 · Cited by 65
Studying Human Neurodevelopment and Diseases Using 3D Brain Organoids
Tian, A., Muffat, J., & Li, Y. (2020) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0519-19.2019 · Cited by 68
Brain organoids, consciousness, ethics and moral status
Jeziorski, J. J., Brandt, R., Evans, J. H., Campana, W. M., KALICHMAN, M. W., Thompson, E. T., Goldstein, L. S. B., Koch, C., & Muotri, A. R. (2022) · Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.03.020 · Cited by 71
Human Brain Organoids-on-Chip: Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives for Preclinical Applications
Castiglione, H., Vigneron, P.-A., Baquerre, C., Yates, F., Rontard, J., & Honegger, T. (2022) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics14112301 · Cited by 73
Collin, J., Zerti, D., Queen, R. A., Santos‐Ferreira, T., Bauer, R., Coxhead, J., Hussain, R., STEEL, D. H., Mellough, C., Ader, M., et al. (2019) · Stem Cells · doi:10.1002/stem.2974 · Cited by 65
Characterization of HIV-1 Infection in Microglia-Containing Human Cerebral Organoids
Gumbs, S. B. H., Berdenis van Berlekom, A., Kübler, R., Schipper, P. J., Gharu, L., Boks, M. P., Ormel, P. R., Wensing, A. M. J., de Witte, L. D., & Nijhuis, M. (2022) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v14040829 · Cited by 65
Logan, S., Arzua, T., Yan, Y., Jiang, C., Liu, X., Yu, L., Liu, Q.-S., & Bai, X. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9051301 · Cited by 64
Modelling neurodegenerative diseases with 3D brain organoids
Chang, Y., Kim, J., Park, H., Choi, H. G., & Kim, J. (2020) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/brv.12626 · Cited by 69
Genetic pathways involved in human speech disorders
den Hoed, J., & Fisher, S. E. (2020) · Current Opinion in Genetics & Development · doi:10.1016/j.gde.2020.05.012 · Cited by 62
Lavazza, A. (2020) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147146 · Cited by 62
Defining the Teratoma as a Model for Multi-lineage Human Development
McDonald, D., Wu, Y., Dailamy, A., Tat, J., Parekh, U., Zhao, D., Hu, M. Y., Tipps, A. M. P., Zhang, K., & Mali, P. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.018 · Cited by 60
Prasad, M., Kumar, R., Buragohain, L., Kumari, A., & Ghosh, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.696668 · Cited by 63
ECE2 regulates neurogenesis and neuronal migration during human cortical development
Buchsbaum, I. Y., Kielkowski, P., Giorgio, G., O’Neill, A. C., Giaimo, R. D., Kyrousi, C., Khattak, S., Sieber, S. A., Robertson, S. P., & Cappello, S. (2020) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.15252/embr.201948204 · Cited by 61
Organoid Models of Glioblastoma to Study Brain Tumor Stem Cells
Azzarelli, R. (2020) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.00220 · Cited by 63
Zhao, J., Lu, W., Ren, Y., Fu, Y., Martens, Y. A., Shue, F., Davis, M. D., Wang, X., Chen, K., Li, F., et al. (2021) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-021-02361-9 · Cited by 58
Psychiatry in a Dish: Stem Cells and Brain Organoids Modeling Autism Spectrum Disorders
Ilieva, M. S., Svenningsen, Å. F., Thorsen, M., & Michel, T. M. (2017) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.11.011 · Cited by 64
Organoids required! A new path to understanding human brain development and disease
Arlotta, P. (2018) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.4557 · Cited by 58
Self-citationDeciphering Brain Complexity using Single-Cell Sequencing
Mu, Q., Chen, Y., & Wang, J. (2019) · Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics · doi:10.1016/j.gpb.2018.07.007 · Cited by 61
A beginner’s guide on the use of brain organoids for neuroscientists: a systematic review
Mulder, L., Depla, J. A., Sridhar, A., Wolthers, K. C., Pajkrt, D., & de Sá, R. V. (2023) · Stem Cell Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13287-023-03302-x · Cited by 67
Epigenomics of Major Depressive Disorders and Schizophrenia: Early Life Decides
Hoffmann, A., Sportelli, V., Ziller, M. J., & Spengler, D. (2017) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms18081711 · Cited by 65
Oksdath, M., Perrin, S. L., Bardy, C., Hilder, E. F., DeForest, C. A., Arrua, R. D., & Gomez, G. A. (2018) · APL Bioengineering · doi:10.1063/1.5045124 · Cited by 62
Bundled Three-Dimensional Human Axon Tracts Derived from Brain Organoids
Cullen, D. K., Gordián‐Vélez, W. J., Struzyna, L. A., Jgamadze, D., Lim, J. T., Wofford, K. L., Browne, K. D., & Chen, H.-C. I. (2019) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2019.10.004 · Cited by 56
Trends and challenges in modeling glioma using 3D human brain organoids
Mariappan, A., Goranci-Buzhala, G., Ricci‐Vitiani, L., Pallini, R., & Gopalakrishnan, J. (2020) · Cell Death and Differentiation · doi:10.1038/s41418-020-00679-7 · Cited by 62
Yin, J., & VanDongen, A. M. J. (2020) · ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01583 · Cited by 63
How well do brain organoids capture your brain?
Kim, J., Sullivan, G. J., & Park, I. (2021) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2021.102063 · Cited by 59
Park, Y., Chung, T. S., Lee, G., & Rogers, J. A. (2021) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00639 · Cited by 62
Cerebral organoids containing an AUTS2 missense variant model microcephaly
Fair, S. R., Schwind, W. N., Julian, D. L., Biel, A., Guo, G., Rutherford, R., Ramadesikan, S., Westfall, J. J., Miller, K. E., Kararoudi, M. N., et al. (2022) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awac244 · Cited by 56
Impact of alcohol exposure on neural development and network formation in human cortical organoids
Adams, J. W., Negraes, P. D., Truong, J., Tran, T. H., Szeto, R. A., Guerra, B. S., Herai, R. H., Teodorof‐Diedrich, C., Spector, S. A., Campo, M. D., et al. (2022) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-022-01862-7 · Cited by 59
Lewis‐Israeli, Y. R., Wasserman, A. H., & Aguirre, A. (2021) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom11091277 · Cited by 61
A review of protocols for brain organoids and applications for disease modeling
Mayhew, C. N., & Singhania, R. (2022) · STAR Protocols · doi:10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101860 · Cited by 58
Human 3D brain organoids: steering the demolecularization of brain and neurological diseases
Adlakha, Y. K. (2023) · Cell Death Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41420-023-01523-w · Cited by 63
Goto‐Silva, L., Ayad, N. M. E., Herzog, I. L., Silva, N. P., Lamien, B., Orlande, H. R. B., Souza, A. D. C., Ribeiro, S. T. G., Martins, M. R., Domont, G. B., et al. (2019) · BMC Developmental Biology · doi:10.1186/s12861-019-0183-y · Cited by 55
Cystatin B Involvement in Synapse Physiology of Rodent Brains and Human Cerebral Organoids
Penna, E., Cerciello, A., Chambery, A., Russo, R., Cernilogar, F. M., Pedone, E. M., Perrone‐Capano, C., Cappello, S., Giaimo, R. D., & Crispino, M. (2019) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2019.00195 · Cited by 56
Brain Organoids as Model Systems for Genetic Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Baldassari, S., Musante, I., Iacomino, M., Zara, F., Salpietro, V., & Scudieri, P. (2020) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.590119 · Cited by 59
Venkataraman, L., Fair, S. R., McElroy, C. A., Hester, M. E., & Fu, H. (2020) · Stem Cell Reviews and Reports · doi:10.1007/s12015-020-10068-9 · Cited by 55
The Application of Brain Organoids in Assessing Neural Toxicity
Fan, P., Wang, Y., Xu, M., Han, X., & Liu, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2022.799397 · Cited by 56
First Organoid Intelligence (OI) workshop to form an OI community
Pantoja, I. E. M., Smirnova, L., Muotri, A. R., Wahlin, K. J., Kahn, J., Boyd, J. L., Gracias, D. H., Harris, T. D., Cohen‐Karni, T., Caffo, B. S., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.3389/frai.2023.1116870 · Cited by 60
Bodnar, B. H., Zhang, Y., Liu, J., Lin, Y., Wang, P., Wei, Z., Saribas, S., Zhu, Y., Li, F., Wang, X., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2021.682272 · Cited by 57
Navarro, A. M., Pronk, R., van der Geest, A. T., Oliynyk, G., Nordgren, A., Arsenian‐Henriksson, M., Falk, A., & Wilhelm, M. (2020) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-019-2208-7 · Cited by 57
The moral status of cerebral organoids
Hostiuc, S., Rusu, M. C., Negoi, I., Perlea, P., Dorobanţu, B., & Drima, E. P. (2019) · Regenerative Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.reth.2019.02.003 · Cited by 55
Mouse vs man: Organoid models of brain development & disease
Marshall, J. J., & Mason, J. O. (2019) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146427 · Cited by 54
Cellular complexity in brain organoids: Current progress and unsolved issues
Mansour, A. A., Schafer, S. T., & Gage, F. H. (2020) · Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.05.013 · Cited by 52
Gendoo, D. M. A. (2020) · Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2020.01.010 · Cited by 53
Neurotropic Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Modeled by the Human Brain Organoids
Ramani, A., Pranty-Weßelmann, A. I., & Gopalakrishnan, J. (2021) · Stem Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.02.007 · Cited by 52
AUTS2 Syndrome: Molecular Mechanisms and Model Systems
Biel, A., Castanza, A. S., Rutherford, R., Fair, S. R., Chifamba, L., Wester, J. C., Hester, M. E., & Hevner, R. F. (2022) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2022.858582 · Cited by 58
Bressan, E., Reed, X., Bansal, V., Hutchins, E. D., Cobb, M. M., Webb, M. G., Alsop, E. B., Grenn, F. P., Illarionova, A., Savytska, N., et al. (2023) · Cell Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100261 · Cited by 57
Advancing Organoid Engineering for Tissue Regeneration and Biofunctional Reconstruction
Jin, H., Xue, Z., Liu, J., Ma, B., Yang, J., & Lei, L. (2024) · Biomaterials Research · doi:10.34133/bmr.0016 · Cited by 58
Tian, L., Gao, J., Garcia, I. M., Chen, H. J., Castaldi, A., & Chen, Y. (2020) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Developmental Biology · doi:10.1002/wdev.399 · Cited by 54
Porciúncula, L. O., Goto‐Silva, L., Ledur, P. F., & Rehen, S. K. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.674563 · Cited by 54
Pelkonen, A., Pistono, C., Klecki, P., Gómez‐Budia, M., Dougalis, A., Konttinen, H., Stanová, I., Fagerlund, I., Leinonen, V., Korhonen, P., et al. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11010106 · Cited by 54
Human‐specific ARHGAP11B ensures human‐like basal progenitor levels in hominid cerebral organoids
Fischer, J., Ortuño, E. F., Marsoner, F., Artioli, A., Peters, J., Namba, T., Oegema, C. E., Huttner, W. Β., Ladewig, J., & Heide, M. (2022) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.15252/embr.202254728 · Cited by 60
Consciousness in a Rotor? Science and Ethics of Potentially Conscious Human Cerebral Organoids
Zilio, F., & Lavazza, A. (2023) · AJOB Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/21507740.2023.2173329 · Cited by 53
Vascularized human brain organoid on-chip
Tan, S. Y., Feng, X., Cheng, L. K., & Wu, A. R. (2023) · Lab on a Chip · doi:10.1039/d2lc01109c · Cited by 52
Harbuzariu, A., Pitts, S., Cespedes, J. C., Harp, K. O., Nti, A., Shaw, A., Liu, M., & Stiles, J. K. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-55631-8 · Cited by 55
Applications of Brain Organoids for Infectious Diseases
Fan, W., Christian, K. M., Song, H., & Ming, G. (2021) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167243 · Cited by 56
Lee, M. J., Lee, J., Ha, J., Kim, G. W., Kim, H., Lee, S., Koo, B., & Park, Y. (2024) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/s12276-024-01312-0 · Cited by 59
Regenerative medicine in the retina: from stem cells to cell replacement therapy
Oswald, J., & Baranov, P. Y. (2018) · Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology · doi:10.1177/2515841418774433 · Cited by 50
Brain organoids get vascularized
Lancaster, M. A. (2018) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.4133 · Cited by 50
All Together Now: Modeling the Interaction of Neural With Non-neural Systems Using Organoid Models
Chukwurah, E., Osmundsen, A. M., Davis, S. W., & Lizarraga, S. B. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00582 · Cited by 51
Single cell RNA sequencing of stem cell-derived retinal ganglion cells
Daniszewski, M., Senabouth, A., Nguyen, Q. H., Crombie, D. E., Lukowski, S. W., Kulkarni, T., Sluch, V. M., Jabbari, J. S., Chamling, X., Zack, D. J., et al. (2018) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/sdata.2018.13 · Cited by 50
Agboola, O. S., Hu, X., Shan, Z., Wu, Y., & Lei, L. (2021) · Stem Cell Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13287-021-02369-8 · Cited by 53
Hoffmann, P. C., Giandomenico, S. L., Ganeva, I., Wozny, M. R., Sutcliffe, M., Lancaster, M. A., & Kukulski, W. (2021) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.70269 · Cited by 53
Acharya, P., Choi, N. Y., Shrestha, S., Jeong, S., & Lee, M. (2023) · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · doi:10.1002/bit.28606 · Cited by 50
Modeling neurological disorders using brain organoids
Zhang, D. Y., Song, H., & Ming, G. (2020) · Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.05.026 · Cited by 53
Electrophysiology Read-Out Tools for Brain-on-Chip Biotechnology
Forró, C., Caron, D., Angotzi, G. N., Gallo, V., Berdondini, L., Santoro, F., Palazzolo, G., & Panuccio, G. (2021) · Micromachines · doi:10.3390/mi12020124 · Cited by 54
Fernando, M., Lee, S. D., Wark, J. R., Xiao, D., Lim, B. Y., O’Hara-Wright, M., Kim, H. J., Smith, G. C., Wong, T., Teber, E., et al. (2022) · Stem Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.04.003 · Cited by 54
O’Hara-Wright, M., Mobini, S., & Gonzalez-Cordero, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2022.901652 · Cited by 49
Glioblastoma-cortical organoids recapitulate cell state heterogeneity and intercellular transfer
Mangena, V., Chanoch-Myers, R., Sartore, R., Paulsen, B., Gritsch, S., Weisman, H., Hara, T., Breakefield, X. O., Breyne, K., Regev, A., et al. (2025) · Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-1336 · Cited by 49
Self-citationThe e-Flower: A hydrogel-actuated 3D MEA for brain spheroid electrophysiology
Martinelli, E., Akouissi, O., Liebi, L., Furfaro, I., Maulà, D., Savoia, N., Remy, A., Nikles, L., Roux, A., Stoppini, L., et al. (2024) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adp8054 · Cited by 49
Kim, E., Jeong, E., Hong, Y., Jeong, I., Kim, J.-H., Kwon, Y. W., Park, Y., Lee, J., Choi, S., Kim, J., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-55752-3 · Cited by 56
Modeling the complex genetic architectures of brain disease
Fernando, M. B., Ahfeldt, T., & Brennand, K. (2020) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-020-0596-3 · Cited by 48
Smits, L. M., Magni, S., Kinugawa, K., Grzyb, K., Luginbühl, J., Sabaté‐Soler, S., Bolognin, S., Shin, J. W., Mori, E., Skupin, A., et al. (2020) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/s00441-020-03249-y · Cited by 55
Translating Embryogenesis to Generate Organoids: Novel Approaches to Personalized Medicine
Sahu, S., & Sharan, S. K. (2020) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2020.101485 · Cited by 52
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing in Parkinson’s Disease
Ma, S., & Lim, S. B. (2021) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines9040368 · Cited by 50
Nilsson, K. W., Åslund, C., Comasco, E., & Oreland, L. (2018) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-018-1892-2 · Cited by 55
T cell immunotherapy enhanced by designer biomaterials
Dunn, Z. S., Mac, J., & Wang, P. (2019) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119265 · Cited by 48
Metadata
- Authors
- Quadrato, G., Nguyen, T., Macosko, E. Z., Sherwood, J. L., Min Yang, S., Berger, D. R., Maria, N., Scholvin, J., Goldman, M., Kinney, J. P., Boyden, E. S., Lichtman, J. W., Williams, Z. M., McCarroll, S. A., & Arlotta, P.
- Affiliations
- Broad Institute (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Leaflabs (United States) (US)
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research (US)
- Corresponding author
- Quadrato, Giorgia
- Arlotta, Paola
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2017-04-26
- Volume
- 545
- Issue
- 7652
- Pages
- 48-53
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC5659341
- OpenAlex
- W2609844460
- Cited by
- 1,321
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 118 · 2025: 131 · 2024: 167 · 2023: 131 · 2022: 162 · 2021: 168 · 2020: 178 · 2019: 137 · 2018: 91 · 2017: 35
- FWCI
- 51.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (P50MH094271)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (DP1NS087724, R01NS073124)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Keywords
- human brain organoids, cellular diversity, neuronal network dynamics, spontaneous neuronal activity, photostimulation, dendritic spines, cortical development, retinal development, single-cell gene expression, pluripotent stem cell differentiation, interneuron migration, synaptogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Cell Line, Cell Separation, Cerebral Cortex, Dendrites, Humans, Light, Nerve Net, Neural Pathways, Organ Specificity, Organoids, Retina, Time Factors, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate, Gene Expression Profiling, Pluripotent Stem Cells, Neurogenesis, Single-Cell Analysis, Transcriptome, In Vitro Techniques
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
