Antigen capture and archiving by lymphatic endothelial cells following vaccination or viral infection
Open accessAbstract
Antigen derived from viral infections with influenza and vesicular stomatitis virus can persist after resolution of infection. Here we show that antigen can similarly persist for weeks following viral challenge and vaccination. Antigen is captured by lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) under conditions that induce LEC proliferation. Consistent with published data showing that viral antigen persistence impacts the function of circulating memory T cells, we find that vaccine-elicited antigen persistence, found on LECs, positively influences the degree of protective immunity provided by circulating memory CD8(+) T cells. The coupling of LEC proliferation and antigen capture identifies a mechanism by which the LECs store, or 'archive', antigens for extended periods of time after antigen challenge, thereby increasing IFNγ/IL-2 production and enhancing protection against infection. These findings therefore have the potential to have an impact on future vaccination strategies and our understanding of the role for persisting antigen in both vaccine and infectious settings.
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SCS and medullary LECs store antigens for long periods, allowing slow release of antigen to the lymph node, which is proposed to be necessary for the persistence of immunological responses.
“In addition, SCS and medullary LECs have been demonstrated to store antigens for long periods, thereby allowing slow release of antigen to the lymph node, which is proposed to be necessary for the persistence of immunological responses (126, 127).”
From Transport and Immune Functions of the Lymphatic System. (2025) · cites this paper as [126]
The Results section (“Antigen persists on Lymphatic Endothelial Cells”; page unavailable) reports antigen on LECs for more than three weeks and locates antigen-associated LECs along the subcapsular sinus and interfollicular ridges. The Discussion says archived antigen can subsequently be presented by other antigen-presenting cells and can improve memory CD8 T-cell function. It does not establish storage specifically by medullary LECs, slow antigen release, or that such release is necessary for persistent immune responses. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Tamburini, B. A., Burchill, M. A., & Kedl, R. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Denver (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kedl, Ross M.
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2014-06-06
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3989-3989
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4073648
- OpenAlex
- W2017630926
- Cited by
- 153
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 5.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Cancer Research Institute
- National Institutes of Health (AI06612)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI099863, AI06612, R21AI099863, R01AI066121)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Lymphatic System and Diseases
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Keywords
- lymphatic endothelial cells, antigen capture, antigen persistence, memory CD8+ T cells, influenza, vesicular stomatitis virus, secondary lymphoid organs, protective immunity, viral infection
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antigens, Viral, Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic, Mice, Transgenic, Viral Vaccines, Virus Diseases, Cell Proliferation, Mice
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