A phase 1 clinical trial of nerve growth factor gene therapy for Alzheimer disease
Abstract
Cholinergic neuron loss is a cardinal feature of Alzheimer disease. Nerve growth factor (NGF) stimulates cholinergic function, improves memory and prevents cholinergic degeneration in animal models of injury, amyloid overexpression and aging. We performed a phase 1 trial of ex vivo NGF gene delivery in eight individuals with mild Alzheimer disease, implanting autologous fibroblasts genetically modified to express human NGF into the forebrain. After mean follow-up of 22 months in six subjects, no long-term adverse effects of NGF occurred. Evaluation of the Mini-Mental Status Examination and Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subcomponent suggested improvement in the rate of cognitive decline. Serial PET scans showed significant (P < 0.05) increases in cortical 18-fluorodeoxyglucose after treatment. Brain autopsy from one subject suggested robust growth responses to NGF. Additional clinical trials of NGF for Alzheimer disease are warranted.
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Intraventricular infusions of growth factors typically fail to reach most neurons, and hence recent clinical trials used intraparenchymal infusions or gene delivery.
“Intraventricular infusions of growth factors typically fail to reach most neurons33, and hence recent clinical trials used intraparenchymal infusions or gene delivery34–37.”
From Neuroprotective effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rodent and primate models of Alzheimer's disease (2009) · cites this paper as [35]
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- Authors
- Tuszynski, M. H., Thal, L., Pay, M., Salmon, D. P., U, H. S., Bakay, R., Patel, P., Blesch, A., Vahlsing, H. L., Ho, G., Tong, G., Potkin, S. G., Fallon, J., Hansen, L., Mufson, E. J., Kordower, J. H., Gall, C., & Conner, J.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Rush University Medical Center (US)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tuszynski, Mark H
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Medicine
- Published
- 2005-04-24
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 551-555
- ISSN
- 1078-8956 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-170X
- OpenAlex
- W2161483044
- Cited by
- 1,050
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 48 · 2014: 59 · 2013: 74 · 2012: 70
- FWCI
- 46.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Shiley Foundation
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Keywords
- nerve growth factor, Alzheimer's disease, gene therapy, autologous fibroblasts, cholinergic neuron loss, cognitive decline, neuroprotection, brain glucose metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Cholinergic Fibers, Cognition, Fibroblasts, Histological Techniques, Humans, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Genetic Therapy, Prosencephalon, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Nerve Growth Factor, Positron-Emission Tomography
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