Gating and control of primary visual cortex by pulvinar
Open accessAbstract
The primary visual cortex (V1) receives its driving input from the eyes via the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus. The lateral pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus also projects to V1, but this input is not well understood. We manipulated lateral pulvinar neural activity in prosimian primates and assessed the effect on supra-granular layers of V1 that project to higher visual cortex. Reversibly inactivating lateral pulvinar prevented supra-granular V1 neurons from responding to visual stimulation. Reversible, focal excitation of lateral pulvinar receptive fields increased the visual responses in coincident V1 receptive fields fourfold and shifted partially overlapping V1 receptive fields toward the center of excitation. V1 responses to regions surrounding the excited lateral pulvinar receptive fields were suppressed. LGN responses were unaffected by these lateral pulvinar manipulations. Excitation of lateral pulvinar after LGN lesion activated supra-granular layer V1 neurons. Thus, lateral pulvinar is able to powerfully control and gate information outflow from V1.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Inactivation of the lateral pulvinar suppressed responses of superficial V1 neurons to visual input, whereas excitation of pulvinar neurons increased the responsiveness of neurons in the superficial layers with overlapping receptive fields.
“Inactivation of the lateral pulvinar suppressed responses of superficial V1 neurons to visual input, whereas excitation of the pulvinar neurons increased the responsiveness of neurons in the superficial layers with overlapping receptive fields [72].”
From Cerebral hierarchies: predictive processing, precision and the pulvinar (2015) · cites this paper as [72]
Gain control via the pulvinar-to-superficial-layer pathway has been empirically demonstrated.
“Gain control via this pathway has been empirically demonstrated.”
From Cerebral hierarchies: predictive processing, precision and the pulvinar (2015) · cites this paper as [72]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
(1982) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(82)90076-5 · Cited by 9,148 · see citing works
Neural Mechanisms of Selective Visual Attention
Desimone, R., & Duncan, J. (1995) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.18.030195.001205 · Cited by 8,388 · see citing works
Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex
Felleman, D. J., & Van Essen, D. C. (1991) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/1.1.1 · Cited by 7,783 · see citing works
Preface: Cerebral Cortex Has Come of Age
Goldman, P. S., & RAKIC, P. T. (1991) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/1.1.1-a · Cited by 3,412 · see citing works
A "DIRECT-COLORING" THIOCHOLINE METHOD FOR CHOLINESTERASES
Karnovsky, M. J., & ROOTS, L. (1964) · Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · doi:10.1177/12.3.219 · Cited by 3,389 · see citing works
Softky, W., & Koch, C. (1993) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.13-01-00334.1993 · Cited by 1,689 · see citing works
Information processing in the primate visual system: an integrated systems perspective
Van Essen, D. C., Anderson, C. H., & Felleman, D. J. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1734518 · Cited by 1,266 · see citing works
Chalupa, L. M., Werner, J. S., & Barnstable, C. J. (2004) · Cited by 1,020 · see citing works
Olshausen, B., Anderson, C., & Van Essen, D. (1993) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.13-11-04700.1993 · Cited by 908 · see citing works
An emergent model of orientation selectivity in cat visual cortical simple cells
Somers, D., Nelson, S., & Sur, M. (1995) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.15-08-05448.1995 · Cited by 860 · see citing works
Specificity of monosynaptic connections from thalamus to visual cortex
Reid, R. C., & Alonso, J. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/378281a0 · Cited by 732 · see citing works
Visual input evokes transient and strong shunting inhibition in visual cortical neurons
Graham, L. J., Monier, C., & Frégnac, Y. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/30735 · Cited by 669 · see citing works
LOCAL CIRCUITS IN PRIMARY VISUAL CORTEX OF THE MACAQUE MONKEY
Callaway, E. M. (1998) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.21.1.47 · Cited by 603 · see citing works
Perceptual filling in of artificially induced scotomas in human vision
Ramachandran, V. S., & Gregory, R. L. (1991) · Nature · doi:10.1038/350699a0 · Cited by 503 · see citing works
Hikosaka, O., & Wurtz, R. H. (1985) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1985.53.1.292 · Cited by 478 · see citing works
The subcortical anatomy of human spatial neglect: putamen, caudate nucleus and pulvinar
Karnath, H., Himmelbach, M., & Rorden, C. (2002) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awf032 · Cited by 476 · see citing works
The pulvinar and visual salience
Robinson, D. L., & Petersen, S. E. (1992) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(92)90354-b · Cited by 469 · see citing works
Martin, J. H. (1991) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(91)90784-q · Cited by 459 · see citing works
Contributions of the pulvinar to visual spatial attention
Petersen, S. E., Robinson, D. L., & Morris, J. D. (1987) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/0028-3932(87)90046-7 · Cited by 395 · see citing works
Benevento, L. A., & Rezak, M. (1976) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(76)90160-8 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Deficits in human visual spatial attention following thalamic lesions.
Rafal, R. D., & Posner, M. I. (1987) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.84.20.7349 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Constraints on cortical and thalamic projections: the no-strong-loops hypothesis
Crick, F., & Koch, C. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/34584 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
The effects of electrical microstimulation on cortical signal propagation
Logothetis, N. K., Augath, M. A., Murayama, Y., Rauch, A., Sultan, F. R., Goense, J. B. M., Oeltermann, A., & Merkle, H. (2010) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2631 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
Pulvinar contributions to the dorsal and ventral streams of visual processing in primates
Kaas, J. H., & Lyon, D. C. (2007) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2007.02.008 · Cited by 344 · see citing works
Distinct functions for direct and transthalamic corticocortical connections
Sherman, S. M., & Guillery, R. W. (2011) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00429.2011 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Orientation selectivity of synaptic potentials in neurons of cat primary visual cortex
Ferster, D. (1986) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.06-05-01284.1986 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Invariant computations in local cortical networks with balanced excitation and inhibition
Mariño, J., Schummers, J., Lyon, D. C., Schwabe, L., Beck, O., Wiesing, P., Obermayer, K., & Sur, M. (2005) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1391 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Attentional Control of Visual Perception: Cortical and Subcortical Mechanisms
Desimone, R., Wessinger, M., Thomas, L., & Schneider, W. (1990) · Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology · doi:10.1101/sqb.1990.055.01.090 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Functional Imaging of the Human Lateral Geniculate Nucleus and Pulvinar
Kastner, S., O'Connor, D. H., Fukui, M. M., Fehd, H. M., Herwig, U., & Pinsk, M. A. (2004) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00553.2003 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Pulvinar Inactivation Disrupts Selection of Movement Plans
Wilke, M., Turchi, J. N., Smith, K., Mishkin, M., & Leopold, D. A. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0953-10.2010 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Snow, J. C., Allen, H. A., Rafal, R. D., & Humphreys, G. W. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0810086106 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Morphological Abnormalities of the Thalamus in Youths With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Ivanov, I., Bansal, R., Hao, X., Zhu, H., Kellendonk, C., Miller, L., Sanchez-Pena, J., Miller, A. M., Chakravarty, M. M., Klahr, K., et al. (2010) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09030398 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Binocular interaction fields of single units in the cat striate cortex
Bishop, P. O., Henry, G. H., & Smith, C. J. (1971) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1971.sp009508 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
The distribution of pulvinar terminals in visual areas 17 and 18 of the monkey
Ogren, M. P., & Hendrickson, A. E. (1977) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(77)90344-4 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Signals Conveyed in the Pulvinar Pathway from Superior Colliculus to Cortical Area MT
Berman, R. A., & Wurtz, R. H. (2011) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4738-10.2011 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Neural activity in the visual thalamus reflects perceptual suppression
Wilke, M., Mueller, K.-M., & Leopold, D. A. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0900714106 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Rezak, M., & Benevento, L. A. (1979) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(79)90260-9 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Ward, R., Danziger, S., Owen, V., & Rafal, R. (2002) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn794 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
De Pasquale, R., & Sherman, S. M. (2011) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3664-11.2011 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Corticocortical and thalamocortical information flow in the primate visual system
Essen, D. C. V. (2005) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(05)49013-5 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Effect of Attentive Fixation in Macaque Thalamus and Cortex
Bender, D. B., & Youakim, M. (2001) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.2001.85.1.219 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Convergence and branching patterns of round, type 2 corticopulvinar axons
Rockland, K. S. (1998) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19980126)390:4 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
A review of cat and monkey studies implicating the pulvinar in visual function
Chalupa, L. M. (1977) · Behavioral Biology · doi:10.1016/s0091-6773(77)90721-0 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Pulvinar lesions in monkeys produce abnormal scanning of a complex visual array
Ungerleider, L. G., & Christensen, C. A. (1979) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/0028-3932(79)90056-3 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Arend, I. C., Machado, L., Ward, R. D., McGrath, M., Ro, T., & Rafal, R. D. (2008) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)00669-9 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Bender, D. B., & Butter, C. M. (1987) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00247037 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Molotchnikoff, S., & Shumikhina, S. I. (1996) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/0042-6989(95)00311-8 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Dissociating Vision and Visual Attention in the Human Pulvinar
Smith, A. T., Cotton, P. L., Bruno, A., & Moutsiana, C. (2008) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.90963.2008 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Precise discrimination of object position in the human pulvinar
Fischer, J., & Whitney, D. C. (2007) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20485 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
The Visual Functions of the Pulvinar
Casanova, C. (2003) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/7131.003.0043 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
[3H]muscimol labels neurons in both the superficial and deep layers of cat superior colliculus
Mize, R. R., & White, D. A. (1989) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(89)90324-8 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Balanced Recurrent Excitation and Inhibition in Local Cortical Networks
McCormick, D. A., Shu, Y., & Hasenstaub, A. R. (2003) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0039-1_8 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Long-range and local circuits for top-down modulation of visual cortex processing
Zhang, S., Xu, M., Kamigaki, T., Hoang Do, J. P., Chang, W.-C., Jenvay, S., Miyamichi, K., Luo, L., & Dan, Y. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1254126 · Cited by 804 · see citing works
Predictive Processing: A Canonical Cortical Computation
Keller, G. B., & Mrsic-Flogel, T. D. (2018) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.10.003 · Cited by 836 · see citing works
Mather, M., Clewett, D., Sakaki, M., & Harley, C. W. (2016) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x15000667 · Cited by 695 · see citing works
Thalamic control of sensory selection in divided attention
Wimmer, R. D., Schmitt, L. I., Davidson, T. J., Nakajima, M., Deisseroth, K., & Halassa, M. M. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature15398 · Cited by 530 · see citing works
Cerebral hierarchies: predictive processing, precision and the pulvinar
Kanai, R., Komura, Y., Shipp, S., & Friston, K. (2015) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2014.0169 · Cited by 432 · see citing works
Neural elements for predictive coding
Shipp, S. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01792 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
The organization of two new cortical interneuronal circuits
Jiang, X., Wang, G., Lee, A. J., Stornetta, R. L., & Zhu, J. J. (2013) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3305 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Responses of pulvinar neurons reflect a subject's confidence in visual categorization
Komura, Y., Nikkuni, A., Hirashima, N., Uetake, T., & Miyamoto, A. (2013) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3393 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Organization of long-range inputs and outputs of frontal cortex for top-down control
Zhang, S., Xu, M., Chang, W.-C., Ma, C., Hoang Do, J. P., Jeong, D., Lei, T., Fan, J. L., & Dan, Y. (2016) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4417 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Pulvinar: Associative role in cortical function and clinical correlations
Benarroch, E. E. (2015) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000001276 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Neocortical Layer 1: an elegant solution to top-down and bottom-up integration
Schuman, B., Dellal, S., Prönneke, A., Machold, R., & Rudy, B. (2021) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-100520-012117 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Towards a Unified View on Pathways and Functions of Neural Recurrent Processing
Pennartz, C. M. A., Dora, S., Muckli, L., & Lorteije, J. A. M. (2019) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2019.07.005 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
“Furthermore, pulvinar activity affects the processing of visual information in V1 [10] and V4 [11].”
Lee, A. J., Wang, G., Jiang, X., Johnson, S. M., Hoang, E. T., Lanté, F., Stornetta, R. L., Beenhakker, M. P., Shen, Y., & Julius Zhu, J. (2015) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhu020 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Merker, B. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00501 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Antunes, F. M., & Malmierca, M. S. (2021) · Frontiers in Neural Circuits · doi:10.3389/fncir.2021.721186 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Phillips, W. A., Bachmann, T., & Storm, J. F. (2018) · Frontiers in Neural Circuits · doi:10.3389/fncir.2018.00050 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Corticothalamic pathways from layer 5: emerging roles in computation and pathology
Mease, R. A., & Gonzalez, A. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Neural Circuits · doi:10.3389/fncir.2021.730211 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
The Cooperative Neuron: Cellular Foundations of Mental Life
Phillips, W. A. (2023) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198876984.001.0001 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
- Authors
- Purushothaman, G., Marion, R., Li, K., & Casagrande, V. A.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- ORCID
- Li, Keji
- Venue
- Nature Neuroscience
- Published
- 2012-05-06
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 905-912
- ISSN
- 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1726
- PMC
- PMC3430824
- OpenAlex
- W2107566414
- Cited by
- 236
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 8.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (T32MH064913)
- National Eye Institute (T32EY07135, R01 EY01778, R01EY001778, T32EY007135, P30EY008126)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P30HD015052, P30 HD-15052)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Multisensory perception and integration
- Keywords
- primary visual cortex, lateral geniculate nucleus, thalamocortical connections, receptive field modulation, prosimian primates
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Electrophysiology, Female, Male, Neurons, Photic Stimulation, Primates, Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Visual Perception, Pulvinar
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
