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Transdiagnostic Effects of Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Cue Reactivity

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Single pulse TMS to the DLPFC, compared to a matched sham control, induces a direct, causal increase in caudate, cingulate, and thalamic BOLD signal

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Reduced frontostriatal functional connectivity and associations with severity of Internet gaming disorder

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Hippocampal and striatal responses during motor learning are modulated by prefrontal cortex stimulation

Gann, M. A., King, B. R., Dolfen, N., Veldman, M. P., Chan, K. L., Puts, N. A. J., Edden, R. A. E., Davare, M., Swinnen, S. P., Mantini, D., et al. (2021) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118158 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Localized Analysis of Normalized Distance from Scalp to Cortex and Personalized Evaluation (LANDSCAPE): Focusing on Age- and Dementia-Specific Changes

Lu, H., Chan, S. S. M., & LAM, L. C. W. (2019) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-180732 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation modulates coupling among large‐scale brain networks in heroin‐dependent individuals: A randomized resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Jin, L. H., Yuan, M., Zhang, W., Su, H., Wang, F., Zhu, J., Liu, T., Wei, Y., Li, Y., Bai, Q., et al. (2021) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/adb.13121 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

TMS-induced modulation of brain networks and its associations to rTMS treatment for depression: a concurrent fMRI-EEG-TMS study

He, H., Sun, X., Doose, J., Faller, J., McIntosh, J. R., Saber, G. T., Huffman, S. M., Hong, L., Pantazatos, S. P., Yuan, H., et al. (2025) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2025.10.013 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate/glutamine alterations of the left prefrontal cortex in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder: a combined transcranial magnetic stimulation-magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

Su, H., Chen, T., Zhong, N., Jiang, H., Du, J., Ke, X., Xu, D., Wang, Z., & Zhao, M. (2020) · Annals of Translational Medicine · doi:10.21037/atm.2020.02.95 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

A Case for the Frontal Pole as an Empirically Derived Neuromodulation Treatment Target

Hanlon, C. A., Philip, N. S., Price, R. B., Bickel, W. K., & Downar, J. H. (2018) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.07.002 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Advancing Neuroscience and Therapy: Insights into Genetic and Non-Genetic Neuromodulation Approaches

Zhi, W., Li, Y., Wang, L., & Hu, X. (2025) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells14020122 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

Dynamic changes of region-specific cortical features and scalp-to-cortex distance: implications for transcranial current stimulation modeling

Studies, F. T. O. A. S. O. I., Lu, H., Li, J., Zhang, L., Chan, S. S. M., & LAM, L. C. W. (2021) · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s12984-020-00764-5 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

A case report illustrating the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cue-induced craving in an individual with opioid and cocaine use disorder

Mahoney, J. J., Marshalek, P. J., Rezai, A. R., Lander, L. R., Berry, J. H., & Haut, M. W. (2020) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/pha0000289 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

A Preliminary Investigation Of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Applied To The Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex In Treatment Seeking Participants With Cannabis Use Disorder

Sahlem, G. L., Kim, B., Baker, N. L., Wong, B. L., Caruso, M. A., Campbell, L. A., Kaloani, I., Sherman, B. J., Ford, T. J., Musleh, A. H., et al. (2023) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.111035 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Neural Architecture Influences Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation–Induced Functional Change: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Cue‐Reactivity Modulation in Alcohol Users

Hanlon, C. A., Lench, D. H., Dowdle, L. T., & Kearney-Ramos, T. E. (2019) · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1002/cpt.1545 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Targeting VMPFC‐amygdala circuit with TMS in substance use disorder: A mechanistic framework

Soleimani, G., Conelea, C. A., Kuplicki, R., Opitz, A., Lim, K. O., Paulus, M. P., & Ekhtiari, H. (2025) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/adb.70011 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

BrainRuler-a free, open-access tool for calculating scalp to cortex distance

Summers, P. M., & Hanlon, C. A. (2017) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2017.03.003 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Instantaneous effects of prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation on brain oxygenation: A systematic review

Xia, A. W. L., Jin, M., Qin, P. P., Kan, R. L. D., Zhang, B. B. B., Giron, C. G., Lin, T. T. Z., Li, A. S. M., & Kranz, G. S. (2024) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120618 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Causally mapping human threat extinction relevant circuits with depolarizing brain stimulation methods

Webler, R. D., Oathes, D. J., van Rooij, S. J. H., Gewirtz, J. C., Nahas, Z. H., Lissek, S. M., & Widge, A. S. (2022) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.105005 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for smoking cessation: Next steps for translation and implementation into clinical practice

Tang, V. M., Goud, R., Zawertailo, L. A., Selby, P. L., Coroiu, A., Sloan, M. E., Chenoweth, M. J., Buchman, D. Z., Ibrahim, C., Blumberger, D. M., et al. (2023) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115340 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Transcranial magnetic stimulation and neuroimaging for cocaine use disorder: Review and future directions

Shen, Y., & Ward, H. B. (2020) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1080/00952990.2020.1841784 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Corticostriatal contributions to dysregulated motivated behaviors in stress, depression, and substance use disorders

Siemsen, B. M., Franco, D., & Lobo, M. K. (2022) · Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1016/j.neures.2022.12.014 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Mini-review: When neurostimulation joins cognitive-behavioral therapy. On the need of combining evidence-based treatments for addiction disorders

Perrotta, D., & Perri, R. L. (2022) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136588 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Theta Burst Stimulation for Cocaine Use Disorder: A Three-Month Feasibility and Brain Target Engagement Study

McCalley, D. M., Kinney, K. R., Kaur, N., Wolf, J. P., Contreras, I. E., Smith, J. P., Book, S. W., & Hanlon, C. A. (2024) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.11.022 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Neural circuits controlling choice behavior in opioid addiction

Chang, V. N., & Peters, J. (2022) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109407 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Optimizing Individual Targeting of Fronto-Amygdala Network with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS): Biophysical, Physiological and Behavioral Variations in People with Methamphetamine Use DisorderPreprint

Soleimani, G., Conelea, C. A., Kuplicki, R., Opitz, A., Lim, K. O., Paulus, M. P., & Ekhtiari, H. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.04.02.23288047 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Simultaneous Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Aspects of Technical Implementation

Caparelli, E. C., Zhai, T., & Yang, Y. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.554714 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Interleaved Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Translational Tool

Vila‐Rodriguez, F., Ge, R., & Long, D. (2019) · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1002/cpt.1575 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

3D-printed stand, timing interface, and coil localization tools for concurrent TMS-fMRI experiments

Goldstein, S., Rafiei, F., & Rahnev, D. (2022) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2022.08.026 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

A Preliminary Investigation Of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Applied To The Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex In Treatment Seeking Participants With Cannabis Use DisorderPreprint

Sahlem, G. L., Kim, B., Baker, N. L., Wong, B. L., Caruso, M. A., Campbell, L. A., Kaloani, I., Sherman, B. J., Ford, T. J., Musleh, A. H., et al. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.07.10.23292461 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Effectiveness of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Protocols on Drug Craving and Consumption/Relapse in Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 208 Clinical Trials and 36 ProtocolsPreprint

Soleimani, G., Souki, A., Honari, S., Baker, T. E., Brunoni, A. R., Ebrahimi, M., Garza‐Villarreal, E. A., George, T. P., Goldstein, R. Z., Jha, M. K., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.09.21.25335559 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Brain stimulation as an emerging treatment for addiction

Hanlon, C. A., Dowdle, L. T., Lench, D. H., & Kearney-Ramos, T. E. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815298-0.00022-8 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Abnormal ventromedial-to-dorsolateral hierarchical topography of striatal circuits in cocaine use disorder and its modulations by brain stimulation

Zhang, R., Xiao, X., Dong, D., Xu, T., Hu, Y., Zhou, F., Zhai, T., Qi, Y., Yang, Y., & He, Q. (2025) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-025-02098-z · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Brain connectomics markers for response prediction to transcranial magnetic stimulation in cocaine use disorder

Ghazi, N., Garza‐Villarreal, E. A., & Hamid Soltanian-zadeh, A. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-99113-6 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Pilot study with randomised control of dual site theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for methamphetamine use disorder: a protocol for the TARTAN study

Yadav, T., Lokuge, B., Jackson, M. A., Austin, E. K., Fitzgerald, P. B., Brown, A. L., Paton, B. K., Sequeira, M. C., Nean, M., Mills, L., et al. (2024) · Pilot and Feasibility Studies · doi:10.1186/s40814-024-01498-0 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Transcranial magnetic stimulation for the rehabilitation of patients with addiction: current status and future prospects

Tang, V. M., & Blumberger, D. M. (2024) · Expert Review of Medical Devices · doi:10.1080/17434440.2024.2404962 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Striatal functional connectivity associated with Sahaja Yoga meditation

Perez-Diaz, O., Hernández, S. E., Brown, L. L., Xiao, Y., González–Mora, J. L., Rubia, K., & Barrós‐Loscertales, A. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-98256-w · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Continuous theta burst stimulation to the frontal pole durably decreases medial frontoamygdala connectivity

Bickart, K. C., Hsu, A., McCalley, D. M., & Hanlon, C. A. (2026) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/09540261.2026.2687523 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Transcranial brain stimulation and functional MRI

Windischberger, C., Tik, M., Thielscher, A., & Siebner, H. R. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198832256.013.23 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Commentary: Compulsive drug use is associated with imbalance of orbitofrontal- and prelimbic-striatal circuits in punishment-resistant individuals

Zhang, H.-B., Zheng, H., Zhang, Y., & Zhao, D. (2020) · Frontiers in Neural Circuits · doi:10.3389/fncir.2020.00049 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

fMRI-guided focal transcranial magnetic stimulation of anterior cingulate cortex reduces opioid seeking and restores connectivity

Ma, Z., Duan, Y., Nguyen, H., Lin, S., Haque, M. M., Wang, D., Hoffman, S. L., Carney, A., Scott, T., Varlas, O., et al. (2026) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.64898/2026.03.04.709400 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Prefrontal Cortical (PFC) circuits

Hearing, M. C., & Mantsch, J. R. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823453-2.00001-1

Simultaneous Brain Stimulation and Acquisition

Wang, L., Wang, K., Ji, G., Song, P., Wang, D., & Zhang, X. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-4538-2_12

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in substance use disorders is safe and tolerable: A Systematic review of 141 clinical trials including 4299 participants

Souki, A., Sharifzadeh, S., Brady, K. T., Hanlon, C. A., Jha, M. K., Lim, K. O., Rakesh, G., Young, J. R., Steele, V. R., Tang, V. M., et al. (2026) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113297

Theta Burst Stimulation as a tool to decrease drinking in treatment-seeking alcohol users: study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial

Kinney, K. R., Kirse, H. A., Stewart, N. E., Ip, E. H., Saldana, S. J., DeMaioNewton, H. E., Kimber, M., Smith, H. R., Douglas, H. E., Kiraly, D. D., et al. (2025) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-025-09093-1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Regional radiomics similarity networks reveal CSTC circuit abnormalities and clinical relevance in major depressive disorder

Li, J., Sun, S., Yu, L., Chen, J., Wu, J. Y., Xie, R., Huang, Y., Ping, L., & You, Z. (2025) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104785

Noninvasive transcranial brain stimulation to treat addiction

Hanlon, C. A., Soleimani, G., Fecteau, S., Honari, S., Kearney-Ramos, T., McCalley, D. M., Padula, C. B., Souki, A., Steele, V. R., & Ekhtiari, H. (2025) · Handbook of behavioral neuroscience · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-26602-7.00014-2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Causally probing the role of the human hippocampus in fear discrimination: A precision functional mapping guided TMS study in individuals with post-traumatic stress symptomsPreprint

Webler, R. D., Carrasco, C., Cooper, S., Chen, M., Hunt, C., Hennessy, S., Cao, L., Lam, C., Chiu, A., Differding, C., et al. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2850235/v1

Do response times add to self-reported craving? A secondary analysis of a neuromodulation trial

Vieira, L., Melo, L., Marques, R. C., Silva, M. M., & Diniz, P. R. B. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1777646 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Targeted medial prefrontal cortex stimulation prevents incubation of cocaine craving and restores functional connectivityPreprint

Lu, H., Hoffman, S. L., Duan, Y., Ma, Z., Nguyen, H., Carney, A., Scott, T., Varlas, O., Haque, M. M., Stein, E. A., et al. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.04.21.719530

Evolution of the Neurometabolic Cascade of Traumatic Brain Injury

Flavin, W. P., Bickart, K. C., Belle, J. E. L., Babikian, T., Harris, M., Kamins, J., Pineda, J. A., Choe, M. C., Giza, C. C., & Prins, M. L. (2026) · Neurologic Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2026.05.001

Functional Connectivity of the Orbitofrontal Cortex Predicts Cocaine Relapse: Protective and Risk Circuits, Individual Differences, and Neuromodulation Implications

Zhai, T., Salmeron, B. J., Gu, H., Zhang, S., Adinoff, B. H., Stein, E. A., Li, C.-S. R., & Yang, Y. (2026) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2026.06.026

Effects of Social Media Use on Brain Dynamics in Young Male Adults: Multistage Concurrent Electroencephalography–Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Bai, K., Wu, B.-J., Wang, Z.-Z., Cao, X.-J., Dou, J.-Q., Jiang, X.-Y., Zhao, S.-S., Chen, Z., Li, Y.-T., Shang, Y., et al. (2026) · JMIR Medical Informatics · doi:10.2196/86963

Associations between dopaminergic and serotonergic systems in individuals with cocaine use disorder: An exploratory analysis of [¹¹C]PHNO and [¹¹C]P943 PET imaging

Çayır, S., Ysrayl, B. B., Carreño, E. S., Hurtado, A. J., Potenza, M. N., Carson, R. E., Matuskey, D., Angarita, G. A., & Worhunsky, P. D. (2026) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113329

The association between frontal–striatal connectivity and sensorimotor control in cocaine users

Hanlon, C. A., Wesley, M. J., Stapleton, J. R., Laurienti, P. J., & Porrino, L. J. (2010) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.11.008 · Cited by 54 · see citing works

Clinical improvement after rTMS therapy in cocaine addiction correlates with functional connectivity changes in the fronto-striatal circuit

Garza‐Villarreal, E. A., Alcalá‐Lozano, R., Morelos-Santana, E., Fernandez, S., Davalos-Guzman, A., Villicaña, V., Reyes-Zamorano, E., González-Cantú, H., Torres, A., & Gonzalez-Olvera, J. J. (2019) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.324

What goes up, can come down: novel brain stimulation paradigms may attenuate craving and craving-related neural circuitry in substance dependent individuals

Hanlon, C. A., Dowdle, L. T., Austelle, C. W., DeVries, W., Mithoefer, O., Badran, B. W., & George, M. S. (2015) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2015.02.053 · Cited by 166 · see citing works

Left frontal pole theta burst stimulation decreases orbitofrontal and insula activity in cocaine users and alcohol users

Hanlon, C. A., Dowdle, L. T., Correia, B., Mithoefer, O., Kearney-Ramos, T., Lench, D., Griffin, M., Anton, R. F., & George, M. S. (2017) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.039 · Cited by 125 · see citing works

Ventral medial prefrontal cortex theta burst stimulation decreases salience network activity in cocaine users and alcohol users

Hanlon, C. A., Dowdle, L. T., Anton, R. F., & George, M. S. (2017) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.405 · Cited by 3 · see citing works