CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 12

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Network meta-analysis of three different forms of intermittent energy restrictions for overweight or obese adults

Ma, Yahui, Sun, Lina, Mu, Zhijing·2024·International Journal of Obesity
DOI 10.1038/s41366-023-01416-z
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This network meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of three forms of intermittent energy restriction (IER), including alternate-day fasting (ADF), the 5:2 diet, and time-restricted feeding (TRF), in overweight or obese adults. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) to find relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) until August 10, 2022. The modified Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was applied to assess the methodological quality of eligible studies. Random network meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 14.0. Sixteen RCTs were included, with 1228 patients. Overall, the methodological quality ranged from low to moderate. ADF was superior to CER and 5:2 diet in reducing waist circumference, whereas 5:2 diet was superior to CER in reducing BMI. Regarding fat mass and drop-out, all forms of IER were comparable. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the type of individuals had no influence on the pooled results; nevertheless, ADF significantly reduced weight compared to CER and achieved significant waist circumference reduction compared to CER, 5:2 diet, and TRF. ADF may be preferentially prescribed for overweight or obese adults. More large-scale and high-quality studies are required, however, to investigate the effect of TRF on overweight and obesity.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/s41366-023-01416-z

Cites

8 of 8 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • In another network meta-analysis, Ma et al. found superior weight loss with alternate-day fasting compared to continuous energy restriction, but fat mass changes were similar across intermittent fasting variants.

    “In another recent network meta-analysis, Ma et al. [68] also found superior weight loss with ADF compared to CER, but fat mass changes were similar across the IF variants (ADF, TWF, and TRE).”

    From International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: diets for body weight reduction (2026) · cites this paper as [68]

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 47

  1. Norris T, Cole TJ, Bann D, Hamer M, Hardy R, Li L, et al. Duration of obesity exposure between ages 10 and 40 years and its relationship with cardiometabolic disease risk factors: A cohort study. PLoS Med. 2020;17:e1003387. · DOI
  2. Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, Addolorato G, Ammirati E, Baddour LM, et al. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990-2019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;76:2982–3021. · DOI · Paper page
  3. Hajek A, Brettschneider C, van der Leeden C, Lühmann D, Oey A, Wiese B, et al. Prevalence and factors associated with obesity among the oldest old. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2020;89:104069. · DOI
  4. Luhar S, Timæus IM, Jones R, Cunningham S, Patel SA, Kinra S, et al. Forecasting the prevalence of overweight and obesity in India to 2040. PLoS One. 2020;15:e0229438. · DOI
  5. Wang J, Wang F, Chen H, Liu L, Zhang S, Luo W, et al. Comparison of the Effects of Intermittent Energy Restriction and Continuous Energy Restriction among Adults with Overweight or Obesity: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Nutrients. 2022;14:2315. · DOI · Paper page
  6. Halpern B, Mendes TB. Intermittent fasting for obesity and related disorders: unveiling myths, facts, and presumptions. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2021;65:14–23. · DOI
  7. Pannen ST, Maldonado SG, Nonnenmacher T, Sowah SA, Gruner LF, Watzinger C, et al. Adherence and Dietary Composition during Intermittent vs. Continuous Calorie Restriction: Follow-Up Data from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Adults with Overweight or Obesity. Nutrients. 2021;13:1195. · DOI
  8. Maroofi M, Nasrollahzadeh J. Effect of intermittent versus continuous calorie restriction on body weight and cardiometabolic risk markers in subjects with overweight or obesity and mild-to-moderate hypertriglyceridemia: a randomized trial. Lipids Health Dis. 2020;19:216. · DOI
  9. Varady KA. Intermittent versus daily calorie restriction: which diet regimen is more effective for weight loss? Obes Rev. 2011;12:e593–601. · DOI
  10. Varady KA, Cienfuegos S, Ezpeleta M, Gabel K. Cardiometabolic Benefits of Intermittent Fasting. Annu Rev Nutr. 2021;41:333–61. · DOI · Paper page
  11. Saad R. Effects of Intermittent Fasting on Health, Aging, and Disease. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:1773.
  12. Brandhorst S, Longo VD. Dietary Restrictions and Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease. Circ Res. 2019;124:952–65. · DOI
  13. St-Onge MP, Ard J, Baskin ML, Chiuve SE, Johnson HM, Kris-Etherton P, et al. Meal Timing and Frequency: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2017;135:e96–e121. · DOI · Paper page
  14. Meng H, Zhu L, Kord-Varkaneh H, Santos HO, Tinsley GM, Fu P. Effects of intermittent fasting and energy-restricted diets on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition. 2020;77:110801. · DOI · Paper page
  15. Pureza I, Macena ML, da Silva Junior AE, Praxedes DRS, Vasconcelos LGL, Bueno NB. Effect of early time-restricted feeding on the metabolic profile of adults with excess weight: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Clin Nutr. 2021;40:1788–99. · DOI · Paper page
  16. Stekovic S, Hofer SJ, Tripolt N, Aon MA, Royer P, Pein L, et al. Alternate Day Fasting Improves Physiological and Molecular Markers of Aging in Healthy, Non-obese Humans. Cell Metab. 2020;31:878–81. · DOI
  17. Schübel R, Nattenmüller J, Sookthai D, Nonnenmacher T, Graf ME, Riedl L, et al. Effects of intermittent and continuous calorie restriction on body weight and metabolism over 50 wk: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2018;108:933–45. · DOI · Paper page
  18. Tinsley GM, Moore ML, Graybeal AJ, Paoli A, Kim Y, Gonzales JU, et al. Time-restricted feeding plus resistance training in active females: a randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2019;110:628–40. · DOI · Paper page
  19. Patterson RE, Sears DD. Metabolic Effects of Intermittent Fasting. Annu Rev Nutr. 2017;37:371–93. · DOI · Paper page
  20. He S, Wang J, Zhang J, Xu J. Intermittent Versus Continuous Energy Restriction for Weight Loss and Metabolic Improvement: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2021;29:108–15. · DOI · Paper page
  21. Rynders CA, Thomas EA, Zaman A, Pan Z, Catenacci VA, Melanson EL. Effectiveness of Intermittent Fasting and Time-Restricted Feeding Compared to Continuous Energy Restriction for Weight Loss. Nutrients. 2019;11:2442. · DOI · Paper page
  22. Adafer R, Messaadi W, Meddahi M, Patey A, Haderbache A, Bayen S, et al. Food Timing, Circadian Rhythm and Chrononutrition: A Systematic Review of Time-Restricted Eating’s Effects on Human Health. Nutrients. 2020;12:3770. · DOI
  23. Patikorn C, Roubal K, Veettil SK, Chandran V, Pham T, Lee YY, et al. Intermittent Fasting and Obesity-Related Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses of Randomized Clinical Trials. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4:e2139558. · DOI · Paper page
  24. Varady KA, Cienfuegos S, Ezpeleta M, Gabel K. Clinical application of intermittent fasting for weight loss: progress and future directions. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2022;18:309–21. · DOI
  25. Elortegui Pascual P, Rolands MR, Eldridge AL, Kassis A, Mainardi F, Lê K-A, et al. A meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness of alternate day fasting, the 5:2 diet, and time-restricted eating for weight loss. Obesity. 2023;31:9–21. · DOI · Paper page
  26. Hutton B, Salanti G, Caldwell DM, Chaimani A, Schmid CH, Cameron C, et al. The PRISMA extension statement for reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of health care interventions: checklist and explanations. Ann Intern Med. 2015;162:777–84. · DOI · Paper page
  27. Salanti G, Ades AE, Ioannidis JP. Graphical methods and numerical summaries for presenting results from multiple-treatment meta-analysis: an overview and tutorial. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64:163–71. · DOI · Paper page
  28. McGuinness LA, Higgins JPT Risk-of-bias VISualization (robvis): An R package and Shiny web app for visualizing risk-of-bias assessments. Research Synthesis Methods. 2020;n/a(n/a). · DOI · Paper page
  29. Tu YK. Using Generalized Linear Mixed Models to Evaluate Inconsistency within a Network Meta-Analysis. Value Health. 2015;18:1120–5. · DOI
  30. Yu-Kang T. Node-Splitting Generalized Linear Mixed Models for Evaluation of Inconsistency in Network Meta-Analysis. Value Health. 2016;19:957–63. · DOI
  31. Lu G, Ades AE. Assessing Evidence Inconsistency in Mixed Treatment Comparisons. J Am Stat Assoc. 2006;101:447–59. · DOI · Paper page
  32. Lu G, Ades AE. Combination of direct and indirect evidence in mixed treatment comparisons. Stat Med. 2004;23:3105–24. · DOI
  33. Mbuagbaw L, Rochwerg B, Jaeschke R, Heels-Andsell D, Alhazzani W, Thabane L, et al. Approaches to interpreting and choosing the best treatments in network meta-analyses. Syst Rev. 2017;6:79. · DOI · Paper page
  34. Sterne JA, Egger M, Smith GD. Systematic reviews in health care: Investigating and dealing with publication and other biases in meta-analysis. Bmj. 2001;323:101–5. · DOI · Paper page
  35. Chaimani A, Higgins JP, Mavridis D, Spyridonos P, Salanti G. Graphical tools for network meta-analysis in STATA. PLoS One. 2013;8:e76654. · DOI · Paper page
  36. Carter S, Clifton PM, Keogh JB. The effects of intermittent compared to continuous energy restriction on glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes; a pragmatic pilot trial. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2016;122:106–12. · DOI · Paper page
  37. Catenacci VA, Pan Z, Ostendorf D, Brannon S, Gozansky WS, Mattson MP, et al. A randomized pilot study comparing zero-calorie alternate-day fasting to daily caloric restriction in adults with obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2016;24:1874–83. · DOI · Paper page
  38. Conley M, Le Fevre L, Haywood C, Proietto J. Is two days of intermittent energy restriction per week a feasible weight loss approach in obese males? A randomised pilot study. Nutr Diet. 2018;75:65–72. · DOI
  39. Gabel K, Kroeger CM, Trepanowski JF, Hoddy KK, Cienfuegos S, Kalam F, et al. Differential effects of alternate-day fasting versus daily calorie restriction on insulin resistance. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2019;27:1443–50. · DOI · Paper page
  40. Harvie M, Wright C, Pegington M, McMullan D, Mitchell E, Martin B, et al. The effect of intermittent energy and carbohydrate restriction v. daily energy restriction on weight loss and metabolic disease risk markers in overweight women. Br J Nutr. 2013;110:1534–47. · DOI · Paper page
  41. He CJ, Fei YP, Zhu CY, Yao M, Qian G, Hu HL, et al. Effects of intermittent compared with continuous energy restriction on blood pressure control in overweight and obese patients with hypertension. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021;8:750714. · DOI
  42. Headland ML, Clifton PM, Keogh JB. Effect of intermittent compared to continuous energy restriction on weight loss and weight maintenance after 12 months in healthy overweight or obese adults. Int J Obes (Lond). 2019;43:2028–36. · DOI
  43. Isenmann E, Dissemond J, Geisler S. The effects of a macronutrient-based diet and time-restricted feeding (16:8) on body composition in physically active individuals—a 14-week randomised controlled trial. Nutrients. 2021;13:3122. · DOI
  44. Parvaresh A, Razavi R, Abbasi B, Yaghoobloo K, Hassanzadeh A, Mohammadifard N, et al. Modified alternate-day fasting vs. calorie restriction in the treatment of patients with metabolic syndrome: A randomized clinical trial. Complement Ther Med. 2019;47:102187. · DOI
  45. Pinto AM, Bordoli C, Buckner LP, Kim C, Kaplan PC, Del Arenal IM, et al. Intermittent energy restriction is comparable to continuous energy restriction for cardiometabolic health in adults with central obesity: A randomized controlled trial; the Met-IER study. Clin Nutr. 2020;39:1753–63. · DOI
  46. Razavi R, Parvaresh A, Abbasi B, Yaghoobloo K, Hassanzadeh A, Mohammadifard N, et al. The alternate-day fasting diet is a more effective approach than a calorie restriction diet on weight loss and hs-CRP levels. Int J Vitam Nutr Res Suppl. 2021;91:242–50. · DOI
  47. Sundfør TM, Tonstad S, Svendsen M. Effects of intermittent versus continuous energy restriction for weight loss on diet quality and eating behavior. A randomized trial. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2019;73:1006–14. · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Metadata

Authors
Ma, Y., Sun, L., & Mu, Z.
ORCID
Ma, Yahui
Venue
International Journal of Obesity
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2023-11-18
Volume
48
Issue
1
Pages
55-64
ISSN
  • 0307-0565
  • 1476-5497
DOI
10.1038/s41366-023-01416-z
Cited by
12
References
8
Language
en
Licence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review