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Caloric restriction triggers morphofunctional remodeling of astrocytes and enhances synaptic plasticity in the mouse hippocampus
Abstract
Calorie-restricted (CR) diet has multiple beneficial effects on brain function. Here we report morphological and functional changes in hippocampal astrocytes in 3-months-old mice subjected to 1 month of the diet. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were performed in the CA1 stratum (str.) radiatum astrocytes of hippocampal slices. The cells were also loaded with fluorescent dye through the patch pipette. CR did not affect the number of astrocytic branches but increased the volume fraction (VF) of distal perisynaptic astrocytic leaflets. The astrocyte growth did not lead to a decrease in the cell input resistance, which may be attributed to a decrease in astrocyte coupling through the gap junctions. Western blotting revealed a decrease in the expression of Cx43 but not Cx30. Immunocytochemical analysis demonstrated a decrease in the density and size of Cx43 clusters. Cx30 cluster density did not change, while their size increased in the vicinity of astrocytic soma. CR shortened K+ and glutamate transporter currents in astrocytes in response to 5 × 50 Hz Schaffer collateral stimulation. However, no change in the expression of astrocytic glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) was observed, while the level of glutamine synthetase (GS) decreased. These findings suggest that enhanced enwrapping of synapses by the astrocytic leaflets reduces glutamate and K+ spillover. Reduced spillover led to a decreased contribution of extrasynaptic N2B containing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) to the tail of burst-induced EPSCs. The magnitude of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the glutamatergic CA3–CA1 synapses was significantly enhanced after CR. This enhancement was abolished by N2B-NMDARs antagonist. Our findings suggest that astrocytic morphofunctional remodeling is responsible for enhanced synaptic plasticity, which provides a basis for improved learning and memory reported after CR.
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“Conversely, caloric restriction enhances astrocyte dendritic complexity, expands astrocyte territories and increases the volume of perisynaptic leaflets, thereby improving glutamate clearance and K+ buffering, ultimately supporting synaptic plasticity33.”
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“We observed that knocking out SCAP in astrocytes increased astrocyte territory volume, dendritic complexity and synaptic coverage, similar to caloric-restriction-induced remodeling33.”
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Extending Healthy Life Span—From Yeast to Humans
Fontana, L., Partridge, L., & Longo, V. D. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1172539 · Cited by 3,023
Long-term potentiation depends on release of d-serine from astrocytes
Henneberger, C., Papouin, T., Oliet, S. H. R., & Rusakov, D. A. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08673 · Cited by 1,389
Caloric restriction improves health and survival of rhesus monkeys
Mattison, J. A., Colman, R. J., Beasley, T. M., Allison, D. B., Kemnitz, J. W., Roth, G. S., Ingram, D. K., Weindruch, R., de Cabo, R., & Anderson, R. M. (2017) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms14063 · Cited by 838
Astroglial cradle in the life of the synapse
Verkhratsky, A., & Nedergaard, M. (2014) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2013.0595 · Cited by 266
Self-citationScimemi, A., Tian, H., & Diamond, J. S. (2009) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4845-09.2009 · Cited by 169
Food restriction enhances visual cortex plasticity in adulthood
Spolidoro, M., Baroncelli, L., Putignano, E., Maya-Vetencourt, J. F., Viegi, A., & Maffei, L. (2011) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms1323 · Cited by 91
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Metadata
- Authors
- Popov, A., Denisov, P., Bychkov, M., Brazhe, A., Lyukmanova, E., Shenkarev, Z., Lazareva, N., Verkhratsky, A., & Semyanov, A.
- ORCID
- Semyanov, Alexey
- Venue
- Cell Death & Disease
- Published
- 2020-03-30
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 3
- ISSN
- 2041-4889
- PMC
- PMC7105492
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 7
- Language
- en
- Funders
- Volkswagen Foundation (A115105)
- Russian Foundation for Basic Research (17-00-00409, 17-00-00412 (K), 17-00-00407)
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