Cited by 838Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model OrganismsDietary Effects on HealthSirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine

Caloric restriction improves health and survival of rhesus monkeys

Open access
Mattison, Julie A., Colman, Ricki J., Beasley, T. Mark, Allison, David B., Kemnitz, Joseph W., Roth, George S., Ingram, Donald K., Weindruch, Richard +2 more·2017·Nature Communications

Abstract

Caloric restriction (CR) without malnutrition extends lifespan and delays the onset of age-related disorders in most species but its impact in nonhuman primates has been controversial. In the late 1980s two parallel studies were initiated to determine the effect of CR in rhesus monkeys. The University of Wisconsin study reported a significant positive impact of CR on survival, but the National Institute on Aging study detected no significant survival effect. Here we present a direct comparison of longitudinal data from both studies including survival, bodyweight, food intake, fasting glucose levels and age-related morbidity. We describe differences in study design that could contribute to differences in outcomes, and we report species specificity in the impact of CR in terms of optimal onset and diet. Taken together these data confirm that health benefits of CR are conserved in monkeys and suggest that CR mechanisms are likely translatable to human health.

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Crossref · 10.1038/ncomms14063

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  • Calorie restriction has an established beneficial effect on health and life span in laboratory animal models from yeast to rhesus monkeys.

    “It has an established beneficial effect on health and life span in laboratory animal models from yeast to rhesus monkeys [78,79].”

    From Molecular Targets of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Mammals, Mechanism of Action: Is It a Calorie Restriction Mimetic and Anti-Aging Compound? (2025) · cites this paper as [79]

    The Abstract reports lifespan extension in yeast and other short-lived species and health benefits in rhesus monkeys. It also says monkey survival findings differed between the two studies. The Results (‘Impact of CR on survival’; page unavailable) state that neither monkey study reports longevity data, so an established lifespan benefit across the full range is stronger than this source supports. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • In ad libitum-fed male monkeys, a higher-GL/high-sugar diet compared with a lower-GL/low-sugar diet increased adiposity without increasing total energy intake through age 20 y.

    “In ad libitum–fed male monkeys, a higher-GL/high-sugar diet compared with a lower-GL/low-sugar diet increased adiposity without increasing total energy intake through age 20 y (111).”
  • The same phenomenon of caloric restriction prolonging lifespan was found in primates.

    “Some follow-up studies also found the same phenomenon in primates [168, 169].”

    From Immunosenescence: a key player in cancer development (2020) · cites this paper as [168]

  • FOXO transcription factors are downstream effectors of the IIS pathway, are involved in cancer, and mediate many positive effects of caloric restriction on healthy aging.

    “Among the downstream effectors of the IIS pathway are the FOXO family of transcription factors, which are also involved in cancer and mediate many of the positive effects of caloric restriction (CR) on healthy aging.211,212”

    From Meta-hallmarks of aging and cancer (2023) · cites this paper as [211]

  • Caloric restriction without hunger- or disease-related malnutrition in animals and humans results in healthier aging through improved metabolic health, reduced obesity, and reduced risk of T2DM, cancer, and cardiovascular disease.

    “CR without hunger- or disease-related malnutrition in animals and humans results in healthier aging through improved metabolic health, reduced obesity, and the risk of T2DM, cancer, and cardiovascular disease (236).”

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Rhesus Macaque Genome S.. Evolutionary and biomedical insights from the rhesus macaque genome. Science 316, 222– 234 (2007). 17431167

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Authors
Mattison, J. A., Colman, R. J., Beasley, T. M., Allison, D. B., Kemnitz, J. W., Roth, G. S., Ingram, D. K., Weindruch, R., de Cabo, R., & Anderson, R. M.
Affiliations
  • National Institute on Aging (US)
  • University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
  • University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
  • Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
Corresponding author
Anderson, Rozalyn M.
Venue
Nature Communications
Published
2017-01-17
Volume
8
Issue
1
Pages
14063-14063
ISSN
2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2577597748
Cited by
838
References
51
Citations by year
2026: 52 · 2025: 86 · 2024: 75 · 2023: 85 · 2022: 96 · 2021: 97 · 2020: 111 · 2019: 92 · 2018: 87 · 2017: 56
FWCI
40.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • University of Wisconsin-Madison (P51OD011106)
  • National Institutes of Health (P51RR000167/P51OD011106, P51OD011106)
  • National Institute on Aging (R56AG047358, R01AG037000, R01AG040178, P01AG011915)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK056336)
  • National Center for Research Resources (P51RR000167/P51OD011106, P51RR000167)
  • Office of Research Infrastructure Programs, National Institutes of Health (P51 OD011106, P51RR000167)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
Keywords
caloric restriction, rhesus monkeys, lifespan extension, survival, age-related morbidity, fasting blood glucose, body weight, dietary intake, study design comparison, species specificity, non-human primates, aging
MeSH terms
Animals, Body Weight, Energy Intake, Diet, Female, Longevity, Longitudinal Studies, Macaca mulatta, Male, Caloric Restriction

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