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Cited by 62Bone health and osteoporosis researchVitamin D Research StudiesParathyroid Disorders and Treatments

Bone turnover, calcium homeostasis, and vitamin D status in Danish vegans

Hansen, Tue H., Madsen, Marie T. B., Jørgensen, Niklas R., Cohen, Arieh S., Hansen, Torben, Vestergaard, Henrik, Pedersen, Oluf, Allin, Kristine H.·2018·European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
DOI 10.1038/s41430-017-0081-y
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Abstract

Background/objectives A vegan diet has been associated with increased bone fracture risk, but the physiology linking nutritional exposure to bone metabolism has only been partially elucidated. This study investigated whether a vegan diet is associated with increased bone turnover and altered calcium homeostasis due to insufficient intake of calcium and vitamin D.Subjects/methods Fractionated and total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)-D), parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, and four bone turnover markers (osteocalcin, N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX)) were measured in serum from 78 vegans and 77 omnivores.Results When adjusting for seasonality and constitutional covariates (age, sex, and body fat percentage) vegans had higher concentrations of PINP (32 [95% CI: 7, 64]%, P = 0.01) and BAP (58 [95% CI: 27, 97]%, P < 0.001) compared to omnivores, whereas CTX (30 [95% CI: -1, 72]%, P = 0.06) and osteocalcin (21.8 [95% CI: -9.3, 63.7]%, P = 0.2) concentrations did not differ between the two groups. Vegans had higher serum PTH concentration (38 [95% CI: 19, 60]%; P < 0.001) and lower 25(OH)-D serum concentration (-33 [95% CI: -45, -19]%; P < 0.001), but similar serum calcium concentration (-1 [95% CI: -3, 1]%, P = 0.18 compared to omnivores.Conclusions Vegans have higher levels of circulating bone turnover markers compared to omnivores, which may in the long-term lead to poorer bone health. Differences in dietary habits including intake of vitamin D and calcium may, at least partly, explain the observed differences.

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Crossref · 10.1038/s41430-017-0081-y

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  • The same disparity in vitamin D status between omnivores and vegans has been observed in a large Danish cohort study.

    “This disparity between omnivorous and vegan diets appears to be a reliable finding given the same has been observed in a large Danish cohort study [291].”

    From Nutritional Considerations for the Vegan Athlete (2023) · cites this paper as [291]

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Authors
Hansen, T. H., Madsen, M. T. B., Jørgensen, N. R., Cohen, A. S., Hansen, T., Vestergaard, H., Pedersen, O., & Allin, K. H.
Affiliations
  • University of Copenhagen (DK)
  • University of Southern Denmark (DK)
  • Statens Serum Institut (DK)
Corresponding author
  • Hansen, Tue H.
  • Hansen, Torben
ORCID
Venue
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2018-01-23
Volume
72
Issue
7
Pages
1046-1054
ISSN
  • 0954-3007 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-5640
DOI
10.1038/s41430-017-0081-y
OpenAlex
W2785494032
Cited by
62
References
24
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 2
FWCI
6.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (publishedVersion)
  • Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen (SDCC 3.F CMP)
  • Novo Nordisk Fonden
  • Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
Keywords
vegan diet, bone turnover, calcium homeostasis, vitamin D status, bone turnover markers, parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, osteocalcin, P1NP, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, CTX, bone health, omnivores, calcium intake
MeSH terms
Vegans, Diet, Vegan, Adult, Alkaline Phosphatase, Bone and Bones, Calcium, Calcium, Dietary, Denmark, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Male, Nutritional Status, Parathyroid Hormone, Peptide Fragments, Peptides, Procollagen, Vitamin D, Osteocalcin, Bone Remodeling, Collagen Type I, Young Adult

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