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Control of lysosome function by the GTPase-activating protein TBC1D9B and its binding partner TMEM55B

Duhay, Valentin, Tian, Miaomiao, Kosieradzka, Klaudia, Ebner, Michael, Lo, Wen-Ting, Krauss, Michael, Sprengel, Henner-Linus, Voss, Matthias, Riechmann, Mara, Savas, Jeffrey N., Schwake, Michael, Haucke, Volker, Damme, Markus·2026·Nature Communications
DOI 10.1038/s41467-026-70345-yPMC PMC12992710
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Abstract

Lysosomes are highly dynamic organelles that serve antagonistic functions as terminal catabolic stations for the degradation of macromolecules and as central metabolic decision centers for anabolic growth signaling. Lysosome dysfunction is implicated in various human diseases. The physiological roles of lysosomes are linked to the control of lysosome position and dynamics via the activity of the kinesin-activating small GTPase ARL8. How the activity of ARL8 is regulated remains poorly understood. Here, we identify the GTPase-activating Tre-2/Bub2/Cdc16 (TBC) domain protein TBC1D9B as a critical negative regulator of ARL8B function. We demonstrate that TBC1D9B is associated with the lysosomal membrane protein TMEM55B, directly binds to ARL8B-GTP, and stimulates its GTPase activity. Knockout of TBC1D9B or its binding partner TMEM55B causes lysosome dispersion, defective autophagic flux, and impairs the adaptive degradative response of cells to limiting nutrient supply. These lysosomal phenotypes of TBC1D9B loss are occluded by concomitant depletion of ARL8 in cells. Collectively, our data unravel a key role for TBC1D9B in controlling lysosome function by serving as a negative regulator of ARL8 activity.

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Metadata

Authors
Duhay, V., Tian, M., Kosieradzka, K., Ebner, M., Lo, W.-T., Krauss, M., Sprengel, H.-L., Voss, M., Riechmann, M., Savas, J. N., Schwake, M., Haucke, V., & Damme, M.
ORCID
Venue
Nature Communications
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2026-03-14
Volume
17
Issue
1
ISSN
2041-1723
DOI
10.1038/s41467-026-70345-y
PMC
PMC12992710
Cited by
4
References
6
Language
en
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