Mechano-acoustic sensing of physiological processes and body motions via a soft wireless device placed at the suprasternal notch
Open accessAbstract
Skin-mounted soft electronics that incorporate high-bandwidth triaxial accelerometers can capture broad classes of physiologically relevant information, including mechano-acoustic signatures of underlying body processes (such as those measured by a stethoscope) and precision kinematics of core-body motions. Here, we describe a wireless device designed to be conformally placed on the suprasternal notch for the continuous measurement of mechano-acoustic signals, from subtle vibrations of the skin at accelerations of around 10-3 m s-2 to large motions of the entire body at about 10 m s-2, and at frequencies up to around 800 Hz. Because the measurements are a complex superposition of signals that arise from locomotion, body orientation, swallowing, respiration, cardiac activity, vocal-fold vibrations and other sources, we exploited frequency-domain analysis and machine learning to obtain-from human subjects during natural daily activities and exercise-real-time recordings of heart rate, respiration rate, energy intensity and other essential vital signs, as well as talking time and cadence, swallow counts and patterns, and other unconventional biomarkers. We also used the device in sleep laboratories and validated the measurements using polysomnography.
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IMUs with high sampling frequency characteristics (3.3 or 6.6 kHz) can capture high spectral features to measure acoustic signals in addition to mechanical signals induced by cardiac activities.
“However, IMUs with high sampling frequency characteristics (3.3 or 6.6 kHz) can capture high spectral features to measure acoustic signals in addition to mechanical signals induced by cardiac activities (26, 27).”
From Miniaturized wireless, skin-integrated sensor networks for quantifying full-body movement behaviors and vital signs in infants (2021) · cites this paper as [26]
The Abstract describes a high-bandwidth accelerometer that captures mechano-acoustic signals, and the Results section on suprasternal-notch measurements reports both cardiac pulses at 20–50 Hz and acoustic components of swallowing at 100–800 Hz. Our copy does not establish the claimed 3.3 or 6.6 kHz sampling frequencies; searches for those values and for sampling rates found no supporting passage. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPrevious reports validated the performance of an FDA-cleared physiological monitoring system against gold standard monitoring platforms.
“Previous reports validated the performance of an FDA-cleared physiological monitoring system against gold standard monitoring platforms [18–23].”
From Pregnancy outcomes in infertility patients diagnosed with sleep disordered breathing with wireless wearable sensors (2022) · cites this paper as [23]
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“6B summarizes the heart and respiratory rate (26, 27) determined from such data averaged over a recording time of 60 min at each of these three ages in the form of bar graphs for LR (gray) and ER (red) subjects.”
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Lee, K., Ni, X., Lee, J. Y., Arafa, H., Pe, D. J., Xu, S., Avila, R., Irie, M., Lee, J. H., Easterlin, R. L., Kim, D. H., Chung, H. U., Olabisi, O. O., Getaneh, S., Chung, E., Hill, M., Bell, J., Jang, H., Liu, C., Park, J. B., Kim, J., Kim, S. B., Mehta, S., Pharr, M., Tzavelis, A., Reeder, J. T., Huang, I., Deng, Y., Xie, Z., Davies, C. R., Huang, Y., & Rogers, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Texas A&M University (US)
- Carle Foundation Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Xie, Zhaoqian
- Davies, Charles R.
- Huang, Yonggang
- Rogers, John A.
- ORCID
- Lee, KunHyuck
- Ni, Xiaoyue
- Lee, Jong Yoon
- Arafa, Hany
- Xu, Shuai
- Avila, Raudel
- Lee, Joo Hee
- Kim, Dong Hyun
- Chung, Ha Uk
- Hill, Marc
- Jang, Hokyung
- Liu, Claire
- Park, Jun Bin
- Kim, Jungwoo
- Kim, Sung Bong
- Mehta, Sunita
- Pharr, Matt
- Tzavelis, Andreas
- Reeder, Jonathan T.
- Huang, Ivy
- Deng, Yujun
- Xie, Zhaoqian
- Davies, Charles R.
- Huang, Yonggang
- Rogers, John A.
- Venue
- Nature Biomedical Engineering
- Published
- 2019-11-25
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 148-158
- ISSN
- 2157-846X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7035153
- OpenAlex
- W2990691150
- Cited by
- 349
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 64 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 65 · 2021: 63 · 2020: 27
- FWCI
- 13.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Biomedical Engineering (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (R41AG062023, R43AG060812)
- National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship
- Indo-US Science and Technology Forum
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (11402134)
- National Science Foundation (CMMI1635443)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Wireless Body Area Networks
- Keywords
- suprasternal notch, triaxial accelerometer, vital signs monitoring, heart rate, respiration rate, energy intensity, swallowing, cadence, sleep patterns, polysomnography validation, frequency domain analysis, machine learning
- MeSH terms
- Clavicle, Equipment Design, Humans, Monitoring, Physiologic, Physiological Phenomena, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Skin Physiological Phenomena, Sleep, Vibration, Biosensing Techniques, Exercise, Wireless Technology
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