Antimicrobial host defence peptides: functions and clinical potential
Open accessAbstract
Cationic host defence peptides (CHDP), also known as antimicrobial peptides, are naturally occurring peptides that can combat infections through their direct microbicidal properties and/or by influencing the host's immune responses. The unique ability of CHDP to control infections as well as resolve harmful inflammation has generated interest in harnessing the properties of these peptides to develop new therapies for infectious diseases, chronic inflammatory disorders and wound healing. Various strategies have been used to design synthetic optimized peptides, with negligible toxicity. Here, we focus on the progress made in understanding the scope of functions of CHDP and the emerging potential clinical applications of CHDP-based therapies.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Most AMPs lack precise molecular targets.
“Although AMPs have the characteristics of broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, overcoming multidrug resistance50,51 and mitigating dangerous side effects, most of these AMPs lack precise molecular targets.”
From Identification of heptapeptides targeting a lethal bacterial strain in septic mice through an integrative approach (2022) · cites this paper as [51]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Defensins: antimicrobial peptides of innate immunity
Ganz, T. (2003) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1180 · Cited by 3,066 · see citing works
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells sense self-DNA coupled with antimicrobial peptide
Lande, R., Gregorio, J., Facchinetti, V., Chatterjee, B., Wang, Y.-H., Homey, B., Cao, W., Wang, Y.-H., Su, B., Nestle, F. O., et al. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06116 · Cited by 1,910 · see citing works
Innate antimicrobial peptide protects the skin from invasive bacterial infection
Nizet, V., Ohtake, T., Lauth, X., Trowbridge, J., Rudisill, J., Dorschner, R. A., Pestonjamasp, V., Piraino, J., Huttner, K., & Gallo, R. L. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35106587 · Cited by 1,198 · see citing works
Nakatsuji, T., Chen, T. H., Narala, S., Chun, K. A., Two, A. M., Yun, T., Shafiq, F., Kotol, P. F., Bouslimani, A., Melnik, A. V., et al. (2017) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aah4680 · Cited by 1,095 · see citing works
Cathelicidins, multifunctional peptides of the innate immunity
Zanetti, M. (2004) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.0403147 · Cited by 988 · see citing works
Heilborn, J. D., Nilsson, M. F., Sørensen, O., Ståhle-Bäckdahl, M., Kratz, G., Weber, G., & Borregaard, N. (2003) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12069.x · Cited by 572 · see citing works
An anti-infective peptide that selectively modulates the innate immune response
Scott, M. G., Dullaghan, E., Mookherjee, N., Glavas, N., Waldbrook, M., Thompson, A., Wang, A., Lee, K., Doria, S., Hamill, P., et al. (2007) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt1288 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Self-citationAntimicrobial peptide resistance mediates resilience of prominent gut commensals during inflammation
Cullen, T. W., Schofield, W. B., Barry, N. A., Putnam, E. E., Rundell, E. A., Trent, M. S., Degnan, P. H., Booth, C. J., Yu, H., & Goodman, A. L. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1260580 · Cited by 395 · see citing works
Antimicrobial peptides in marine invertebrate health and disease
Destoumieux-Garzón, D., Rosa, R. D., Schmitt, P., Barreto, C., Vidal-Dupiol, J., Mitta, G., Gueguen, Y., & Bachère, E. (2016) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0300 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Roudi, R., Syn, N. L., & Roudbary, M. (2017) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.01320 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Epidermal hepcidin is required for neutrophil response to bacterial infection
Malerba, M., Louis, S., Cuvellier, S., Shambat, S. M., Hua, C., Gomart, C., Fouet, A., Ortonne, N., Decousser, J.-W., Zinkernagel, A. S., et al. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci126645 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 217
- Iannella, H., Luna, C. & Waterer, G. Inhaled corticosteroids and the increased risk of pneumonia: what's new? A 2015 updated review. Ther Adv Respir Dis 10, 235-255, doi:10.1177/1753465816630208 (2016). · DOI
- Widdifield, J. et al. Serious infections in a population-based cohort of 86,039 seniors with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 65, 353-361, doi:10.1002/acr.21812 (2013). · DOI · Paper page
- Clancy, C. J. et al. Emerging and resistant infections. Ann Am Thorac Soc 11 Suppl 4, S193-200, doi:10.1513/AnnalsATS.201402-069PL (2014). · DOI
- Simmaco, M., Kreil, G. & Barra, D. Bombinins, antimicrobial peptides from Bombina species. Biochim Biophys Acta 1788, 1551-1555, doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.01.004 (2009). · DOI
- Ganz, T. et al. Defensins. Natural peptide antibiotics of human neutrophils. J Clin Invest 76, 1427-1435, doi:10.1172/JCI112120 (1985). · DOI
- Bucki, R., Byfield, F. J. & Janmey, P. A. Release of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 from DNA/F-actin bundles in cystic fibrosis sputum. Eur Respir J 29, 624-632, doi:10.1183/09031936.00080806 (2007). · DOI
- Bergsson, G. et al. LL-37 complexation with glycosaminoglycans in cystic fibrosis lungs inhibits antimicrobial activity, which can be restored by hypertonic saline. J Immunol 183, 543-551, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0803959 (2009). · DOI
- Bowdish, D. M., Davidson, D. J., Scott, M. G. & Hancock, R. E. Immunomodulatory activities of small host defense peptides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49, 1727-1732, doi:10.1128/AAC.49.5.1727- 1732.2005 (2005). · DOI
- Hancock, R. E., Haney, E. F. & Gill, E. E. The immunology of host defence peptides: beyond antimicrobial activity. Nat Rev Immunol 16, 321-334, doi:10.1038/nri.2016.29 (2016). · DOI
- Pantic, J. M. et al. The Potential of Frog Skin-Derived Peptides for Development into Therapeutically- Valuable Immunomodulatory Agents. Molecules 22, doi:10.3390/molecules22122071 (2017). · DOI
- Hemshekhar, M., Anaparti, V. & Mookherjee, N. Functions of Cationic Host Defense Peptides in Immunity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 9, doi:10.3390/ph9030040 (2016). · DOI
- van der Does, A. M., Hiemstra, P. S. & Mookherjee, N. Antimicrobial Host Defence Peptides: Immunomodulatory Functions and Translational Prospects. Adv Exp Med Biol 1117, 149-171, doi:10.1007/978-981-13-3588-4_10 (2019). · DOI
- Mant, C. T. et al. De Novo Designed Amphipathic alpha-Helical Antimicrobial Peptides Incorporating Dab and Dap Residues on the Polar Face To Treat the Gram-Negative Pathogen, Acinetobacter baumannii. J Med Chem 62, 3354-3366, doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01785 (2019). · DOI
- Jiang, S., Deslouches, B., Chen, C., Di, M. E. & Di, Y. P. Antibacterial Properties and Efficacy of a Novel SPLUNC1-Derived Antimicrobial Peptide, alpha4-Short, in a Murine Model of Respiratory Infection. MBio 10, doi:10.1128/mBio.00226-19 (2019). · DOI
- Mishra, B., Reiling, S., Zarena, D. & Wang, G. Host defense antimicrobial peptides as antibiotics: design and application strategies. Curr Opin Chem Biol 38, 87-96, doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.03.014 (2017). · DOI
- Mai, S. et al. Potential applications of antimicrobial peptides and their mimics in combating caries and pulpal infections. Acta Biomater 49, 16-35, doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.026 (2017). · DOI
- Piyadasa, H. et al. Immunomodulatory innate defence regulator (IDR) peptide alleviates airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness. Thorax, doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210739 (2018). The first study to demonstrate the therapeutic potential of an IDR peptide in allergen-challenged airway inflammation in the context of asthma. · DOI
- Li, D. et al. Gene therapy with beta-defensin 2 induces antitumor immunity and enhances local antitumor effects. Hum Gene Ther 25, 63-72, doi:10.1089/hum.2013.161 (2014). · DOI
- Scott, R. W. & Tew, G. N. Mimics of Host Defense Proteins; Strategies for Translation to Therapeutic Applications. Curr Top Med Chem 17, 576-589, doi:10.2174/1568026616666160713130452 (2017). · DOI
- Wang, G., Li, X. & Wang, Z. APD3: the antimicrobial peptide database as a tool for research and education. Nucleic Acids Res 44, D1087-1093, doi:10.1093/nar/gkv1278 (2016). · DOI
- Sochacki, K. A., Barns, K. J., Bucki, R. & Weisshaar, J. C. Real-time attack on single Escherichia coli cells by the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108, E77- 81,doi:10.1073/pnas.1101130108 (2011). The real-time attack on E.coli by the cathelicidin LL-37 is visualized for the first time. · DOI
- Schneider, V. A. et al. Imaging the antimicrobial mechanism(s) of cathelicidin-2. Sci Rep 6, 32948, doi:10.1038/srep32948 (2016). · DOI
- van Harten, R. M., van Woudenbergh, E., van Dijk, A. & Haagsman, H. P. Cathelicidins: Immunomodulatory Antimicrobials. Vaccines (Basel) 6, doi:10.3390/vaccines6030063 (2018). · DOI
- Mookherjee, N., Rehaume, L. M. & Hancock, R. E. Cathelicidins and functional analogues as antisepsis molecules. Expert Opin Ther Targets 11, 993-1004, doi:10.1517/14728222.11.8.993 (2007). · DOI
- Patil, A., Hughes, A. L. & Zhang, G. Rapid evolution and diversification of mammalian alpha-defensins as revealed by comparative analysis of rodent and primate genes. Physiol Genomics 20, 1-11, doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00150.2004 (2004). · DOI
- Semple, F. & Dorin, J. R. beta-Defensins: multifunctional modulators of infection, inflammation and more? J Innate Immun 4, 337-348, doi:000336619 [pii] 10.1159/000336619 (2012). · DOI
- Bevins, C. L., Jones, D. E., Dutra, A., Schaffzin, J. & Muenke, M. Human enteric defensin genes: chromosomal map position and a model for possible evolutionary relationships. Genomics 31, 95-106, doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0014 (1996). · DOI
- Semple, C. A., Rolfe, M. & Dorin, J. R. Duplication and selection in the evolution of primate beta- defensin genes. Genome Biol 4, R31, doi:10.1186/gb-2003-4-5-r31 (2003). · DOI
- Morrison, G. M., Semple, C. A., Kilanowski, F. M., Hill, R. E. & Dorin, J. R. Signal sequence conservation and mature peptide divergence within subgroups of the murine beta-defensin gene family. Mol Biol Evol 20, 460-470, doi:10.1093/molbev/msg060 (2003). · DOI
- van Dijk, A. et al. Chicken heterophils are recruited to the site of Salmonella infection and release antibacterial mature Cathelicidin-2 upon stimulation with LPS. Mol Immunol 46, 1517-1526, doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2008.12.015 (2009). · DOI
- Melino, S., Santone, C., Di Nardo, P. & Sarkar, B. Histatins: salivary peptides with copper(II)-and zinc(II)- binding motifs: perspectives for biomedical applications. FEBS J 281, 657-672, doi:10.1111/febs.12612 (2014). · DOI
- Goldstein, E. J. C., Citron, D. M., Tyrrell, K. L. & Leoncio, E. S. In Vitro Activity of Pexiganan and 10 Comparator Antimicrobials against 234 Isolates, Including 93 Pasteurella Species and 50 Anaerobic Bacterial Isolates Recovered from Animal Bite Wounds. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 61, doi:10.1128/AAC.00246-17 (2017). · DOI
- Mylonakis, E., Podsiadlowski, L., Muhammed, M. & Vilcinskas, A. Diversity, evolution and medical applications of insect antimicrobial peptides. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 371, doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0290 (2016). · DOI
- Shafee, T. M., Lay, F. T., Hulett, M. D. & Anderson, M. A. The Defensins Consist of Two Independent, Convergent Protein Superfamilies. Mol Biol Evol 33, 2345-2356, doi:10.1093/molbev/msw106 (2016). · DOI
- Shafee, T. M., Lay, F. T., Phan, T. K., Anderson, M. A. & Hulett, M. D. Convergent evolution of defensin sequence, structure and function. Cell Mol Life Sci 74, 663-682, doi:10.1007/s00018-016-2344-5 (2017). · DOI
- Vriens, K., Cammue, B. P. & Thevissen, K. Antifungal plant defensins: mechanisms of action and production. Molecules 19, 12280-12303, doi:10.3390/molecules190812280 (2014). · DOI
- de la Fuente-Nunez, C., Cardoso, M. H., de Souza Candido, E., Franco, O. L. & Hancock, R. E. Synthetic antibiofilm peptides. Biochim Biophys Acta 1858, 1061-1069, doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.12.015 (2016). · DOI
- Hilpert, K., Winkler, D. F. & Hancock, R. E. Peptide arrays on cellulose support: SPOT synthesis, a time and cost efficient method for synthesis of large numbers of peptides in a parallel and addressable fashion. Nat Protoc 2, 1333-1349, doi:10.1038/nprot.2007.160 (2007). · DOI
- Chen, X. et al. Antimicrobial peptides human beta-defensin (hBD)-3 and hBD-4 activate mast cells and increase skin vascular permeability. Eur J Immunol 37, 434-444, doi:10.1002/eji.200636379 (2007). · DOI
- Rivas-Santiago, B. et al. Ability of Innate Defence Regulator Peptides IDR-1002, IDR-HH2 and IDR-1018 to Protect against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections in Animal Models. PLoS One 8, e59119, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059119 · DOI
- Nijnik, A. et al. Synthetic cationic peptide IDR-1002 provides protection against bacterial infections through chemokine induction and enhanced leukocyte recruitment. J Immunol 184, 2539-2550, doi:jimmunol.0901813 [pii] 10.4049/jimmunol.0901813 (2010). · DOI
- Mansour, S. C., de la Fuente-Nunez, C. & Hancock, R. E. Peptide IDR-1018: modulating the immune system and targeting bacterial biofilms to treat antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. J Pept Sci 21, 323-329, doi:10.1002/psc.2708 (2015). · DOI
- Wuerth, K. C., Falsafi, R. & Hancock, R. E. W. Synthetic host defense peptide IDR-1002 reduces inflammation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection. PLoS One 12, e0187565, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0187565 (2017). · DOI
- Hou, M. et al. Antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and IDR-1 ameliorate MRSA pneumonia in vivo. Cell Physiol Biochem 32, 614-623, doi:000354465 [pii] 10.1159/000354465 (2013). · DOI
- Prysliak, T. et al. Induction of a balanced IgG1/IgG2 immune response to an experimental challenge with Mycoplasma bovis antigens following a vaccine composed of Emulsigen, IDR peptide1002, and poly I:C. Vaccine 35, 6604-6610, doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.037 (2017). · DOI
- Prysliak, T. & Perez-Casal, J. Immune responses to Mycoplasma bovis proteins formulated with different adjuvants. Can J Microbiol 62, 492-504, doi:10.1139/cjm-2015-0762 (2016). · DOI
- Wu, B. C., Lee, A. H. & Hancock, R. E. W. Mechanisms of the Innate Defense Regulator Peptide-1002 Anti-Inflammatory Activity in a Sterile Inflammation Mouse Model. J Immunol 199, 3592-3603, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1700985 (2017). · DOI
- Hoeksema, M., van Eijk, M., Haagsman, H. P. & Hartshorn, K. L. Histones as mediators of host defense, inflammation and thrombosis. Future Microbiol 11, 441-453, doi:10.2217/fmb.15.151 (2016). · DOI
- Urban, C. F. et al. Neutrophil extracellular traps contain calprotectin, a cytosolic protein complex involved in host defense against Candida albicans. PLoS Pathog 5, e1000639, doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000639 (2009). · DOI
- Donovan, S. M. The Role of Lactoferrin in Gastrointestinal and Immune Development and Function: A Preclinical Perspective. J Pediatr 173 Suppl, S16-28, doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.02.072 (2016). · DOI
- Bruni, N. et al. Antimicrobial Activity of Lactoferrin-Related Peptides and Applications in Human and Veterinary Medicine. Molecules 21, doi:10.3390/molecules21060752 (2016). · DOI
- Forde, E. B. et al. Using Disease-Associated Enzymes to Activate Antimicrobial Peptide Prodrugs. Methods Mol Biol 1548, 359-368, doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-6737-7_26 (2017). · DOI
- Pane, K. et al. Antimicrobial potency of cationic antimicrobial peptides can be predicted from their amino acid composition: Application to the detection of "cryptic" antimicrobial peptides. J Theor Biol 419, 254-265, doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.02.012 (2017). · DOI
- Gaglione, R. et al. Novel human bioactive peptides identified in Apolipoprotein B: Evaluation of their therapeutic potential. Biochem Pharmacol 130, 34-50, doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2017.01.009 (2017). · DOI
- Tucker, A. T. et al. Discovery of Next-Generation Antimicrobials through Bacterial Self-Screening of Surface-Displayed Peptide Libraries. Cell 172, 618-628 e613, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.009 (2018). · DOI
- Torres, M. D. T., Sothiselvam, S., Lu, T. K. & de la Fuente-Nunez, C. Peptide Design Principles for Antimicrobial Applications. J Mol Biol, doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2018.12.015 (2019). · DOI
- Veldhuizen, E. J., Brouwer, E. C., Schneider, V. A. & Fluit, A. C. Chicken cathelicidins display antimicrobial activity against multiresistant bacteria without inducing strong resistance. PLoS One 8, e61964, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0061964 (2013). · DOI
- Grein, F., Schneider, T. & Sahl, H. G. Docking on Lipid II-A Widespread Mechanism for Potent Bactericidal Activities of Antibiotic Peptides. J Mol Biol 431, 3520-3530, doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2019.05.014 (2019). · DOI
- de Leeuw, E. et al. Functional interaction of human neutrophil peptide-1 with the cell wall precursor lipid II. FEBS Lett 584, 1543-1548, doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2010.03.004 (2010). · DOI
- Sass, V. et al. Human beta-defensin 3 inhibits cell wall biosynthesis in Staphylococci. Infect Immun 78, 2793-2800, doi:10.1128/IAI.00688-09 (2010). · DOI
- Schneider, V. A. F. et al. Imaging the Antistaphylococcal Activity of CATH-2: Mechanism of Attack and Regulation of Inflammatory Response. mSphere 2, doi:10.1128/mSphere.00370-17 (2017). · DOI
- Graf, M. et al. Proline-rich antimicrobial peptides targeting protein synthesis. Nat Prod Rep 34, 702- 711, doi:10.1039/c7np00020k (2017). · DOI
- Hanson, M. A. et al. Synergy and remarkable specificity of antimicrobial peptides in vivo using a systematic knockout approach. Elife 8, doi:10.7554/eLife.44341 (2019). Using a systematic knockout approach, this study demonstrates that CHDP have synergistic, additive and highly specific microbicidal effects in vivo. 84 · DOI
- Coorens, M., Scheenstra, M. R., Veldhuizen, E. J. & Haagsman, H. P. Interspecies cathelicidin comparison reveals divergence in antimicrobial activity, TLR modulation, chemokine induction and regulation of phagocytosis. Sci Rep 7, 40874, doi:10.1038/srep40874 (2017). · DOI
- Tripathi, S., Verma, A., Kim, E. J., White, M. R. & Hartshorn, K. L. LL-37 modulates human neutrophil responses to influenza A virus. J Leukoc Biol 96, 931-938, doi:10.1189/jlb.4A1113-604RR (2014). · DOI
- Holthausen, D. J. et al. An Amphibian Host Defense Peptide Is Virucidal for Human H1 Hemagglutinin- Bearing Influenza Viruses. Immunity 46, 587-595, doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2017.03.018 (2017). · DOI
- Kota, S. et al. Role of human beta-defensin-2 during tumor necrosis factor-alpha/NF-kappaB-mediated innate antiviral response against human respiratory syncytial virus. J Biol Chem 283, 22417-22429, doi:10.1074/jbc.M710415200 (2008). · DOI
- Currie, S. M. et al. The human cathelicidin LL-37 has antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus. PLoS One 8, e73659, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0073659 (2013). · DOI
- Currie, S. M. et al. Cathelicidins Have Direct Antiviral Activity against Respiratory Syncytial Virus In Vitro and Protective Function In Vivo in Mice and Humans. J Immunol 196, 2699-2710, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1502478 (2016). · DOI
- Harcourt, J. L. et al. Human cathelicidin, LL-37, inhibits respiratory syncytial virus infection in polarized airway epithelial cells. BMC Res Notes 9, 11, doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1836-y (2016). · DOI
- Dean, R. E. et al. A carpet-based mechanism for direct antimicrobial peptide activity against vaccinia virus membranes. Peptides 31, 1966-1972, doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2010.07.028 (2010). · DOI
- Brice, D. C., Toth, Z. & Diamond, G. LL-37 disrupts the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus envelope and inhibits infection in oral epithelial cells. Antiviral Res 158, 25-33, doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.07.025 (2018). · DOI
- Schogler, A. et al. Vitamin D represses rhinovirus replication in cystic fibrosis cells by inducing LL-37. Eur Respir J 47, 520-530, doi:10.1183/13993003.00665-2015 (2016). · DOI
- Sousa, F. H. et al. Cathelicidins display conserved direct antiviral activity towards rhinovirus. Peptides 95, 76-83, doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2017.07.013 (2017). · DOI
- Smith, J. G. & Nemerow, G. R. Mechanism of adenovirus neutralization by Human alpha-defensins. Cell Host Microbe 3, 11-19, doi:10.1016/j.chom.2007.12.001 (2008). · DOI
- Smith, J. G. et al. Insight into the mechanisms of adenovirus capsid disassembly from studies of defensin neutralization. PLoS Pathog 6, e1000959, doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000959 (2010). 100 · DOI
- Tenge, V. R., Gounder, A. P., Wiens, M. E., Lu, W. & Smith, J. G. Delineation of interfaces on human alpha-defensins critical for human adenovirus and human papillomavirus inhibition. PLoS Pathog 10, e1004360, doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004360 (2014). 101 · DOI
- Nguyen, E. K., Nemerow, G. R. & Smith, J. G. Direct evidence from single-cell analysis that human {alpha}-defensins block adenovirus uncoating to neutralize infection. J Virol 84, 4041-4049, doi:10.1128/JVI.02471-09 (2010). 102 · DOI
- Wang, A. et al. Enhancement of antiviral activity of human alpha-defensin 5 against herpes simplex virus 2 by arginine mutagenesis at adaptive evolution sites. J Virol 87, 2835-2845, doi:10.1128/JVI.02209-12 (2013). 104 · DOI
- Brandt, C. R. et al. Evaluation of a theta-defensin in a Murine model of herpes simplex virus type 1 keratitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 48, 5118-5124, doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0302 (2007). 106 · DOI
- Lehrer, R. I. et al. Multivalent binding of carbohydrates by the human alpha-defensin, HD5. J Immunol 183, 480-490, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0900244 (2009). 107 · DOI
- Cole, A. M. et al. Retrocyclin: a primate peptide that protects cells from infection by T-and M-tropic strains of HIV-1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99, 1813-1818, doi:10.1073/pnas.052706399 (2002). 108 · DOI
- Gallo, S. A. et al. Theta-defensins prevent HIV-1 Env-mediated fusion by binding gp41 and blocking 6- helix bundle formation. J Biol Chem 281, 18787-18792, doi:10.1074/jbc.M602422200 (2006). 109 · DOI
- Furci, L., Sironi, F., Tolazzi, M., Vassena, L. & Lusso, P. Alpha-defensins block the early steps of HIV-1 infection: interference with the binding of gp120 to CD4. Blood 109, 2928-2935, doi:10.1182/blood- 2006-05-024489 (2007). 111 · DOI
- Salvatore, M. et al. alpha-Defensin inhibits influenza virus replication by cell-mediated mechanism(s). J Infect Dis 196, 835-843, doi:10.1086/521027 (2007). 113 · DOI
- Doss, M. et al. Hapivirins and diprovirins: novel theta-defensin analogs with potent activity against influenza A virus. J Immunol 188, 2759-2768, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1101335 (2012). 115 · DOI
- Ryan, L. K. et al. Modulation of human beta-defensin-1 (hBD-1) in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC), monocytes, and epithelial cells by influenza virus, Herpes simplex virus, and Sendai virus and its possible role in innate immunity. J Leukoc Biol 90, 343-356, doi:10.1189/jlb.0209079 (2011). 116 · DOI
- Barlow, P. G. et al. Antiviral activity and increased host defense against influenza infection elicited by the human cathelicidin LL-37. PLoS One 6, e25333, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0025333 (2011). This study demonstrates the antiviral acticity of CHDP against influenza virus in vitro and in vivo. 117 · DOI
- Kim, J. Y. Human fungal pathogens: Why should we learn? J Microbiol 54, 145-148, doi:10.1007/s12275-016-0647-8 (2016). 118 · DOI
- Revie, N. M., Iyer, K. R., Robbins, N. & Cowen, L. E. Antifungal drug resistance: evolution, mechanisms and impact. Curr Opin Microbiol 45, 70-76, doi:10.1016/j.mib.2018.02.005 (2018). 119 · DOI
- Verweij, P. E., Chowdhary, A., Melchers, W. J. & Meis, J. F. Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: Can We Retain the Clinical Use of Mold-Active Antifungal Azoles? Clin Infect Dis 62, 362-368, doi:10.1093/cid/civ885 (2016). 120 · DOI
- Parisi, K. et al. The evolution, function and mechanisms of action for plant defensins. Semin Cell Dev Biol 88, 107-118, doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.02.004 (2019). 121 · DOI
- Menzel, L. P. et al. Potent in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of a small molecule host defense peptide mimic through a membrane-active mechanism. Sci Rep 7, 4353, doi:10.1038/s41598-017- 04462-6 (2017). 122 · DOI
- Ordonez, S. R., Amarullah, I. H., Wubbolts, R. W., Veldhuizen, E. J. & Haagsman, H. P. Fungicidal mechanisms of cathelicidins LL-37 and CATH-2 revealed by live-cell imaging. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 58, 2240-2248, doi:10.1128/AAC.01670-13 (2014). 123 · DOI
- Puri, S. & Edgerton, M. How does it kill?: understanding the candidacidal mechanism of salivary histatin 5. Eukaryot Cell 13, 958-964, doi:10.1128/EC.00095-14 (2014). 124 · DOI
- Van Wetering, S. et al. Effect of defensins on interleukin-8 synthesis in airway epithelial cells. Am J Physiol 272, L888-896, doi:10.1152/ajplung.1997.272.5.L888 (1997). 127 · DOI
- Choi, K. Y. & Mookherjee, N. Multiple immune-modulatory functions of cathelicidin host defense peptides. Front Immunol 3, 149, doi:10.3389/fimmu.2012.00149 (2012). 129 · DOI
- Salzman, N. H. et al. Enteric defensins are essential regulators of intestinal microbial ecology. Nat Immunol 11, 76-83, doi:10.1038/ni.1825 (2010). 131 · DOI
- Yoshimura, T. et al. The Antimicrobial Peptide CRAMP Is Essential for Colon Homeostasis by Maintaining Microbiota Balance. J Immunol 200, 2174-2185, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1602073 (2018). 133 · DOI
- Lee, R. J. et al. Bitter and sweet taste receptors regulate human upper respiratory innate immunity. J Clin Invest 124, 1393-1405, doi:10.1172/JCI72094 (2014). 134 · DOI
- Madera, L. & Hancock, R. E. Synthetic immunomodulatory peptide IDR-1002 enhances monocyte migration and adhesion on fibronectin. J Innate Immun 4, 553-568, doi:10.1159/000338648 (2012). 135 · DOI
- Hemshekhar, M., Choi, K. G. & Mookherjee, N. Host Defense Peptide LL-37-Mediated Chemoattractant Properties, but Not Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine IL-1RA Production, Is Selectively Controlled by Cdc42 Rho GTPase via G Protein-Coupled Receptors and JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase. Front Immunol 9, 1871, doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01871 (2018). 138 · DOI
- Holly, M. K., Diaz, K. & Smith, J. G. Defensins in Viral Infection and Pathogenesis. Annu Rev Virol 4, 369- 391, doi:10.1146/annurev-virology-101416-041734 (2017). 142 · DOI
- Agier, J., Efenberger, M. & Brzezinska-Blaszczyk, E. Cathelicidin impact on inflammatory cells. Cent Eur J Immunol 40, 225-235, doi:10.5114/ceji.2015.51359 (2015). 143 · DOI
- Mookherjee, N. et al. Intracellular receptor for human host defense peptide LL-37 in monocytes. J Immunol 183, 2688-2696, doi:jimmunol.0802586 [pii] 10.4049/jimmunol.0802586 (2009). 146 · DOI
- Zhang, Z. et al. Evidence that cathelicidin peptide LL-37 may act as a functional ligand for CXCR2 on human neutrophils. Eur J Immunol 39, 3181-3194, doi:10.1002/eji.200939496 (2009). 148 · DOI
- Zheng, Y. et al. Cathelicidin LL-37 induces the generation of reactive oxygen species and release of human alpha-defensins from neutrophils. Br J Dermatol 157, 1124-1131, doi:10.1111/j.1365- 2133.2007.08196.x (2007). 149 · DOI
- Stephan, A. et al. LL37:DNA complexes provide antimicrobial activity against intracellular bacteria in human macrophages. Immunology 148, 420-432, doi:10.1111/imm.12620 (2016). 151 · DOI
- Koziel, J. et al. Citrullination alters immunomodulatory function of LL-37 essential for prevention of endotoxin-induced sepsis. J Immunol 192, 5363-5372, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1303062 (2014). 152 · DOI
- Wong, A. et al. A Novel Biological Role for Peptidyl-Arginine Deiminases: Citrullination of Cathelicidin LL-37 Controls the Immunostimulatory Potential of Cell-Free DNA. J Immunol 200, 2327-2340, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1701391 (2018). 153 · DOI
- Kilsgard, O. et al. Peptidylarginine deiminases present in the airways during tobacco smoking and inflammation can citrullinate the host defense peptide LL-37, resulting in altered activities. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 46, 240-248, doi:10.1165/rcmb.2010-0500OC (2012). 154 · DOI
- Beaumont, P. E. et al. Cathelicidin host defence peptide augments clearance of pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection by its influence on neutrophil function in vivo. PLoS One 9, e99029, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0099029 (2014). This study demonstrates that cathelicidins can promote bacterial clearance in vivo, in the absence of direct microbicidal effects, by modulating host cellular inflammatory responses. 155 · DOI
- Alalwani, S. M. et al. The antimicrobial peptide LL-37 modulates the inflammatory and host defense response of human neutrophils. Eur J Immunol 40, 1118-1126, doi:10.1002/eji.200939275 (2010). 156 · DOI
- Hiemstra, P. S. Epithelial antimicrobial peptides and proteins: their role in host defence and inflammation. Paediatr Respir Rev 2, 306-310, doi:10.1053/prrv.2001.0165 (2001). 157 · DOI
- Biragyn, A. et al. Toll-like receptor 4-dependent activation of dendritic cells by beta-defensin 2. Science 298, 1025-1029, doi:10.1126/science.1075565 (2002). 159 · DOI
- Tewary, P. et al. beta-Defensin 2 and 3 promote the uptake of self or CpG DNA, enhance IFN-alpha production by human plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and promote inflammation. J Immunol 191, 865- 874, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1201648 (2013). 161 · DOI
- Findlay, E. G. et al. Exposure to the anti-microbial peptide LL-37 produces dendritic cells optimised for immunotherapy OncoImmunology In Press (2019). This recent study shows that CHDP can enhance cytotoxic T cells responses to promote tumour clearance in vivo, via effects in dendritic cell differentiation and function, highlighting adjuvant and immunotherapy potential for cancers. 164
- Ganguly, D. et al. Self-RNA-antimicrobial peptide complexes activate human dendritic cells through TLR7 and TLR8. J Exp Med 206, 1983-1994, doi:10.1084/jem.20090480 (2009). 166 · DOI
- Kim, S. H., Kim, Y. N. & Jang, Y. S. Cutting Edge: LL-37-Mediated Formyl Peptide Receptor-2 Signaling in Follicular Dendritic Cells Contributes to B Cell Activation in Peyer's Patch Germinal Centers. J Immunol 198, 629-633, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1600886 (2017). 167 · DOI
- Severino, P. et al. Cathelicidin-deficient mice exhibit increased survival and upregulation of key inflammatory response genes following cecal ligation and puncture. J Mol Med (Berl) 95, 995-1003, doi:10.1007/s00109-017-1555-z (2017). 168 · DOI
- Deng, Y. Y., Shamoon, M., He, Y., Bhatia, M. & Sun, J. Cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide modulates the severity of acute pancreatitis in mice. Mol Med Rep 13, 3881-3885, doi:10.3892/mmr.2016.5008 (2016). 169 · DOI
- Coorens, M. et al. Killing of P. aeruginosa by chicken cathelicidin-2 is immunogenically silent, preventing lung inflammation in vivo. Infect Immun, doi:10.1128/IAI.00546-17 (2017). This study demonstrates that chicken cathelicidin CATH-2 kills P.aeruginosa in an immunogenically silent manner and controls lung inflammation in vivo, making a case for the development of CHDP-based anti-infectives with both antimicrobial and immunomodulatory functions. 174 · DOI
- Molhoek, E. M. et al. Structure-function relationship of the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and LL- 37 fragments in the modulation of TLR responses. Biol Chem 390, 295-303, doi:10.1515/BC.2009.037 · DOI
- Choi, K. Y., Napper, S. & Mookherjee, N. Human cathelicidin LL-37 and its derivative IG-19 regulate interleukin-32-induced inflammation. Immunology 143, 68-80, doi:10.1111/imm.12291 (2014). 178 · DOI
- Zhang, Z., Cherryholmes, G. & Shively, J. E. Neutrophil secondary necrosis is induced by LL-37 derived from cathelicidin. J Leukoc Biol 84, 780-788, doi:10.1189/jlb.0208086 (2008). 179 · DOI
- Merkle, M. et al. LL37 inhibits the inflammatory endothelial response induced by viral or endogenous DNA. J Autoimmun 65, 19-29, doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2015.07.015 (2015). 180 · DOI
- van Dijk, A. et al. Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Chicken Cathelicidin-2 Derived Peptides. PLoS One 11, e0147919, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0147919 (2016). 181 · DOI
- Mookherjee, N. et al. Bovine and human cathelicidin cationic host defense peptides similarly suppress transcriptional responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. J Leukoc Biol 80, 1563-1574, doi:jlb.0106048 [pii] 10.1189/jlb.0106048 (2006). 182 · DOI
- Coorens, M., van Dijk, A., Bikker, F., Veldhuizen, E. J. & Haagsman, H. P. Importance of Endosomal Cathelicidin Degradation To Enhance DNA-Induced Chicken Macrophage Activation. J Immunol 195, 3970-3977, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1501242 (2015). 183 · DOI
- Coorens, M. et al. Cathelicidins Inhibit Escherichia coli-Induced TLR2 and TLR4 Activation in a Viability- Dependent Manner. J Immunol 199, 1418-1428, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1602164 (2017). 184 · DOI
- McHugh, B. J. et al. Cathelicidin is a "fire alarm", generating protective NLRP3-dependent airway epithelial cell inflammatory responses during infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PLoS Pathogens In Press (2019). 185
- Semple, F. et al. Human beta-defensin 3 affects the activity of pro-inflammatory pathways associated with MyD88 and TRIF. Eur J Immunol, doi:10.1002/eji.201141648 (2011). 186 · DOI
- Semple, F. et al. Human beta-defensin 3 has immunosuppressive activity in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Immunol 40, 1073-1078, doi:10.1002/eji.200940041 (2010). 187 · DOI
- McGlasson, S. L. et al. Human beta-defensin 3 increases the TLR9-dependent response to bacterial DNA. Eur J Immunol 47, 658-664, doi:10.1002/eji.201646799 (2017). 188 · DOI
- Semple, F. et al. Human beta-Defensin 3 [corrected] Exacerbates MDA5 but Suppresses TLR3 Responses to the Viral Molecular Pattern Mimic Polyinosinic:Polycytidylic Acid. PLoS Genet 11, e1005673, doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005673 (2015). 189 · DOI
- Funderburg, N. T. et al. The Toll-like receptor 1/2 agonists Pam(3) CSK(4) and human beta-defensin-3 differentially induce interleukin-10 and nuclear factor-kappaB signalling patterns in human monocytes. Immunology 134, 151-160, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2567.2011.03475.x (2011). 190 · DOI
- Lai, Y. et al. LL37 and cationic peptides enhance TLR3 signaling by viral double-stranded RNAs. PLoS One 6, e26632, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0026632 (2011). 193 · DOI
- Li, N. et al. Alarmin function of cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL37 through IL-36gamma induction in human epidermal keratinocytes. J Immunol 193, 5140-5148, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1302574 (2014). 195 · DOI
- Lau, Y. E. et al. Interaction and cellular localization of the human host defense peptide LL-37 with lung epithelial cells. Infect Immun 73, 583-591, doi:10.1128/IAI.73.1.583-591.2005 (2005). 197 · DOI
- Sandgren, S. et al. The human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 transfers extracellular DNA plasmid to the nuclear compartment of mammalian cells via lipid rafts and proteoglycan-dependent endocytosis. J Biol Chem 279, 17951-17956, doi:10.1074/jbc.M311440200 (2004). 198 · DOI
- Savill, J., Dransfield, I., Gregory, C. & Haslett, C. A blast from the past: clearance of apoptotic cells regulates immune responses. Nat Rev Immunol 2, 965-975, doi:10.1038/nri957 (2002). 204 · DOI
- Li, H. N. et al. Secondary necrosis of apoptotic neutrophils induced by the human cathelicidin LL-37 is not proinflammatory to phagocytosing macrophages. J Leukoc Biol 86, 891-902, doi:jlb.0209050 [pii] 10.1189/jlb.0209050 (2009). 205 · DOI · Paper page
- Miles, K. et al. Dying and necrotic neutrophils are anti-inflammatory secondary to the release of alpha- defensins. J Immunol 183, 2122-2132, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0804187 (2009). 206 · DOI
- Yu, F. S. et al. Flagellin stimulates protective lung mucosal immunity: role of cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide. J Immunol 185, 1142-1149, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1000509 (2010). 208 · DOI
- Huang, L. C., Reins, R. Y., Gallo, R. L. & McDermott, A. M. Cathelicidin-deficient (Cnlp -/-) mice show increased susceptibility to Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 48, 4498-4508, doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0274 (2007). 209 · DOI
- Kovach, M. A. et al. Cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide is required for effective lung mucosal immunity in Gram-negative bacterial pneumonia. J Immunol 189, 304-311, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1103196 (2012). 212 · DOI
- Pachon-Ibanez, M. E., Smani, Y., Pachon, J. & Sanchez-Cespedes, J. Perspectives for clinical use of engineered human host defense antimicrobial peptides. FEMS Microbiol Rev 41, 323-342, doi:10.1093/femsre/fux012 (2017). 213 · DOI
- Woodburn, K. W., Jaynes, J. M. & Clemens, L. E. Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Peptide, RP557, for the Broad-Spectrum Treatment of Wound Pathogens and Biofilm. Front Microbiol 10, 1688, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01688 (2019). 214 · DOI
- Tenland, E. et al. A novel derivative of the fungal antimicrobial peptide plectasin is active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 113, 231-238, doi:10.1016/j.tube.2018.10.008 (2018). 215 · DOI
- Obuobi, S. et al. Facile and efficient encapsulation of antimicrobial peptides via crosslinked DNA nanostructures and their application in wound therapy. J Control Release 313, 120-130, doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.10.013 (2019). 216 · DOI
- Riool, M., de Breij, A., Drijfhout, J. W., Nibbering, P. H. & Zaat, S. A. J. Antimicrobial Peptides in Biomedical Device Manufacturing. Front Chem 5, 63, doi:10.3389/fchem.2017.00063 (2017). 217 · DOI
- de Breij, A. et al. The antimicrobial peptide SAAP-148 combats drug-resistant bacteria and biofilms. Sci Transl Med 10, doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aan4044 (2018). 218 · DOI · Paper page
- Jiang, Y. et al. Antiviral activity of recombinant mouse beta-defensin 3 against influenza A virus in vitro and in vivo. Antivir Chem Chemother 22, 255-262, doi:10.3851/IMP2077 (2012). 219 · DOI
- Gong, T. et al. Recombinant mouse beta-defensin 2 inhibits infection by influenza A virus by blocking its entry. Arch Virol 155, 491-498, doi:10.1007/s00705-010-0608-1 (2010). 220 · DOI
- Li, W. et al. Construction of eukaryotic expression vector with mBD1-mBD3 fusion genes and exploring its activity against influenza A virus. Viruses 6, 1237-1252, doi:10.3390/v6031237 (2014). 221 · DOI
- Wohlford-Lenane, C. L. et al. Rhesus theta-defensin prevents death in a mouse model of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pulmonary disease. J Virol 83, 11385-11390, doi:10.1128/JVI.01363- 09 (2009). 222 · DOI
- Greber, K. E. & Dawgul, M. Antimicrobial Peptides Under Clinical Trials. Curr Top Med Chem 17, 620- 628, doi:10.2174/1568026616666160713143331 (2017). 223 · DOI
- Wiig, M. E. et al. PXL01 in sodium hyaluronate for improvement of hand recovery after flexor tendon repair surgery: randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 9, e110735, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0110735 (2014). 224 · DOI
- Gronberg, A., Mahlapuu, M., Stahle, M., Whately-Smith, C. & Rollman, O. Treatment with LL-37 is safe and effective in enhancing healing of hard-to-heal venous leg ulcers: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Wound Repair Regen 22, 613-621, doi:10.1111/wrr.12211 (2014). The first randomized clinical trial using a CHDP shown effective in hard-to-heal venous leg ulcers. 225 · DOI
- Martineau, A. R. et al. Vitamin D3 supplementation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ViDiCO): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med 3, 120- 130, doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(14)70255-3 (2015). 226 · DOI
- Mily, A. et al. Oral intake of phenylbutyrate with or without vitamin D3 upregulates the cathelicidin LL- 37 in human macrophages: a dose finding study for treatment of tuberculosis. BMC Pulm Med 13, 23, doi:10.1186/1471-2466-13-23 (2013). 227 · DOI
- Lipsky, B. A., Holroyd, K. J. & Zasloff, M. Topical versus systemic antimicrobial therapy for treating mildly infected diabetic foot ulcers: a randomized, controlled, double-blinded, multicenter trial of pexiganan cream. Clin Infect Dis 47, 1537-1545, doi:10.1086/593185 (2008). 228 · DOI
- Cuperus, T., van Dijk, A., Matthijs, M. G., Veldhuizen, E. J. & Haagsman, H. P. Protective effect of in ovo treatment with the chicken cathelicidin analog D-CATH-2 against avian pathogenic E. coli. Sci Rep 6, 26622, doi:10.1038/srep26622 (2016). The first study to demonstrate that prophylactic cathelicidin treatment of chick embryos in ovo partially protects chickens from E.coli infection 10 days later, thus establishing the use in veterinary medicine. 230 · DOI
- North, J. R. et al. A novel approach for emerging and antibiotic resistant infections: Innate defense regulators as an agnostic therapy. J Biotechnol 226, 24-34, doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.03.032 (2016). 231 · DOI
- Niyonsaba, F. et al. The innate defense regulator peptides IDR-HH2, IDR-1002, and IDR-1018 modulate human neutrophil functions. J Leukoc Biol, doi:jlb.1012497 [pii] 10.1189/jlb.1012497 (2013). 232 · DOI
- Tai, E. K. et al. Intrarectal administration of mCRAMP-encoding plasmid reverses exacerbated colitis in Cnlp(-/-) mice. Gene Ther 20, 187-193, doi:10.1038/gt.2012.22 (2013). 233 · DOI
- Wong, C. C. et al. Protective effects of cathelicidin-encoding Lactococcus lactis in murine ulcerative colitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 27, 1205-1212, doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2012.07158.x (2012). 235 · DOI
- Hing, T. C. et al. The antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin modulates Clostridium difficile-associated colitis and toxin A-mediated enteritis in mice. Gut 62, 1295-1305, doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302180 (2013). 236 · DOI
- Otvos, L. Host Defense Peptides and Cancer; Perspectives on Research Design and Outcomes. Protein Pept Lett 24, 879-886, doi:10.2174/0929866524666170202153501 (2017). 237 · DOI
- Wu, W. K. et al. Emerging roles of the host defense peptide LL-37 in human cancer and its potential therapeutic applications. Int J Cancer 127, 1741-1747, doi:10.1002/ijc.25489 (2010). 238 · DOI
- Schulze, K., Ebensen, T., Babiuk, L. A., Gerdts, V. & Guzman, C. A. Intranasal vaccination with an adjuvanted polyphosphazenes nanoparticle-based vaccine formulation stimulates protective immune responses in mice. Nanomedicine 13, 2169-2178, doi:10.1016/j.nano.2017.05.012 (2017). 240 · DOI
- Garlapati, S. et al. Immunization with PCEP microparticles containing pertussis toxoid, CpG ODN and a synthetic innate defense regulator peptide induces protective immunity against pertussis. Vaccine 29, 6540-6548, doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.07.009 (2011). 241 · DOI
- Yu, C. H. et al. Synthetic innate defense regulator peptide combination using CpG ODN as a novel adjuvant induces longlasting and balanced immune responses. Mol Med Rep 13, 915-924, doi:10.3892/mmr.2015.4581 (2016). 242 · DOI
- Baroni, A. et al. Antimicrobial human beta-defensin-2 stimulates migration, proliferation and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Peptides 30, 267-272, doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2008.11.001 (2009). 244 · DOI
- Arampatzioglou, A. et al. Clarithromycin Enhances the Antibacterial Activity and Wound Healing Capacity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Increasing LL-37 Load on Neutrophil Extracellular Traps. Front Immunol 9, 2064, doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02064 (2018). 247 · DOI
- Wang, B. et al. IL-1beta-Induced Protection of Keratinocytes against Staphylococcus aureus-Secreted Proteases Is Mediated by Human beta-Defensin 2. J Invest Dermatol 137, 95-105, doi:10.1016/j.jid.2016.08.025 (2017). 248 · DOI
- Dutta, D. et al. Development of Silicone Hydrogel Antimicrobial Contact Lenses with Mel4 Peptide Coating. Optom Vis Sci 95, 937-946, doi:10.1097/OPX.0000000000001282 (2018). 250 · DOI
- van Dijk, A., Hedegaard, C. J., Haagsman, H. P. & Heegaard, P. M. H. The potential for immunoglobulins and host defense peptides (HDPs) to reduce the use of antibiotics in animal production. Vet Res 49, 68, doi:10.1186/s13567-018-0558-2 (2018). 251 · DOI
- Zimmer, J., Hobkirk, J., Mohamed, F., Browning, M. J. & Stover, C. M. On the Functional Overlap between Complement and Anti-Microbial Peptides. Front Immunol 5, 689, doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00689 (2014). 252 · DOI
- Bucki, R., Sostarecz, A. G., Byfield, F. J., Savage, P. B. & Janmey, P. A. Resistance of the antibacterial agent ceragenin CSA-13 to inactivation by DNA or F-actin and its activity in cystic fibrosis sputum. J Antimicrob Chemother 60, 535-545, doi:10.1093/jac/dkm218 (2007). 253 · DOI
- Pezzulo, A. A. et al. Reduced airway surface pH impairs bacterial killing in the porcine cystic fibrosis lung. Nature 487, 109-113, doi:10.1038/nature11130 (2012). 254 · DOI
- Mallia, P. et al. Rhinovirus infection induces degradation of antimicrobial peptides and secondary bacterial infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 186, 1117-1124, doi:10.1164/rccm.201205-0806OC (2012). 255 · DOI
- Mercer, D. K. et al. Improved Methods for Assessing Therapeutic Potential of Antifungal Agents against Dermatophytes and Their Application in the Development of NP213, a Novel Onychomycosis Therapy Candidate. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 63, doi:10.1128/AAC.02117-18 (2019). 256 · DOI
- Sakoulas, G., Kumaraswamy, M., Kousha, A. & Nizet, V. Interaction of Antibiotics with Innate Host Defense Factors against Salmonella enterica Serotype Newport. mSphere 2, doi:10.1128/mSphere.00410-17 (2017). 257 · DOI
- Le, J. et al. Effects of vancomycin versus nafcillin in enhancing killing of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus causing bacteremia by human cathelicidin LL-37. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 35, 1441-1447, doi:10.1007/s10096-016-2682-0 (2016). 258 · DOI
- Kumaraswamy, M. et al. Standard susceptibility testing overlooks potent azithromycin activity and cationic peptide synergy against MDR Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. J Antimicrob Chemother 71, 1264-1269, doi:10.1093/jac/dkv487 (2016). This study demonstrates antibiotic synergy with CHDP thus establishing the potential of novel therapeutic cocktails, showing that antibiotic function is affective by native CHDP expression levels, and making the case for the need of new approaches to MIC testing. 259 · DOI
- Lin, L. et al. Azithromycin Synergizes with Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides to Exert Bactericidal and Therapeutic Activity Against Highly Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens. EBioMedicine 2, 690-698, doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.05.021 (2015). 260 · DOI
- Peric, M. et al. Vitamin D analogs differentially control antimicrobial peptide/"alarmin" expression in psoriasis. PLoS One 4, e6340, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006340 (2009). 261 · DOI
- Sato-Deguchi, E. et al. Topical vitamin D(3) analogues induce thymic stromal lymphopoietin and cathelicidin in psoriatic skin lesions. Br J Dermatol 167, 77-84, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10917.x (2012). 262 · DOI
- Peng, L. H. et al. Integration of antimicrobial peptides with gold nanoparticles as unique non-viral vectors for gene delivery to mesenchymal stem cells with antibacterial activity. Biomaterials 103, 137- 149, doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.06.057 (2016). 263 · DOI
- Casciaro, B. et al. Gold-nanoparticles coated with the antimicrobial peptide esculentin-1a(1-21)NH2 as a reliable strategy for antipseudomonal drugs. Acta Biomater 47, 170-181, doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2016.09.041 (2017). 264 · DOI
- Piotrowska, U., Sobczak, M. & Oledzka, E. Current state of a dual behaviour of antimicrobial peptides- Therapeutic agents and promising delivery vectors. Chem Biol Drug Des 90, 1079-1093, doi:10.1111/cbdd.13031 (2017). 265 · DOI
- Cao, J. et al. Yeast-Based Synthetic Biology Platform for Antimicrobial Peptide Production. ACS Synth Biol 7, 896-902, doi:10.1021/acssynbio.7b00396 (2018). 266 · DOI
- Wibowo, D. & Zhao, C. X. Recent achievements and perspectives for large-scale recombinant production of antimicrobial peptides. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 103, 659-671, doi:10.1007/s00253- 018-9524-1 (2019). 267 · DOI
- Andersson, D. I., Hughes, D. & Kubicek-Sutherland, J. Z. Mechanisms and consequences of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial peptides. Drug Resist Updat 26, 43-57, doi:10.1016/j.drup.2016.04.002 (2016). 268 · DOI
- Joo, H. S., Fu, C. I. & Otto, M. Bacterial strategies of resistance to antimicrobial peptides. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 371, doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0292 (2016). 269 · DOI
- Sahl, H. G. & Shai, Y. Bacterial resistance to antimicrobial peptides. Biochim Biophys Acta 1848, 3019- 3020, doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.08.009 (2015). 270 · DOI
- El Shazely, B., Urbanski, A., Johnston, P. R. & Rolff, J. In vivo exposure of insect AMP resistant Staphylococcus aureus to an insect immune system. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 110, 60-68, doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.04.017 (2019). This study discusses the aspects of bacterial resistance to CHDP; demonstrates that resistance generated to CHDP in the laboratory provides no survival advantage to the bacteria in an insect host environment that is dominated by antimicrobial peptides. 271 · DOI
- Tsomaia, N. Peptide therapeutics: targeting the undruggable space. Eur J Med Chem 94, 459-470, doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.01.014 (2015). 272 · DOI
- Kintses, B. et al. Phylogenetic barriers to horizontal transfer of antimicrobial peptide resistance genes in the human gut microbiota. Nat Microbiol 4, 447-458, doi:10.1038/s41564-018-0313-5 (2019). 273 · DOI
200 of 217 shown
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Reynolds, J. C., Lai, R. W., Woodhead, J. S. T., Joly, J. H., Mitchell, C. J., Cameron-Smith, D., Lu, R., Cohen, P., Graham, N. A., Benayoun, B. A., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20790-0 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Rapid evolution of an adaptive multicellular morphology of Candida auris during systemic infection
Bing, J., Guan, Z., Zheng, T., Ennis, C. L., Nobile, C. J., Chen, C., Chu, H., & Huang, G. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-46786-8 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Innate Inspiration: Antifungal Peptides and Other Immunotherapeutics From the Host Immune Response
Mercer, D. K., & O'Neil, D. A. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.02177 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Azadi, S., Yazdanpanah, M. A., Afshari, A., Alahdad, N., Chegeni, S., Angaji, A., Rezayat, S. M., & Tavakol, S. (2024) · Journal of Tissue Engineering · doi:10.1177/20417314241303818 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Zhang, X., Li, S., Luo, H., He, S., Yang, H., Li, L., Tian, T., Han, Q., Ye, J., Huang, C., et al. (2022) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-022-01035-6 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Painting Peptides With Antimicrobial Potency Through Deep Reinforcement Learning
Dong, R., Cao, Q., & Song, C. (2025) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202506332 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Antimicrobial Activity of Cathelicidin-Derived Peptide from the Iberian Mole Talpa occidentalis
Otazo-Pérez, A., Asensio-Calavia, P., González-Acosta, S., Baca-González, V., López, M. R., Morales-delaNuez, A., & Pérez de la Lastra, J. M. (2022) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines10071105 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Grabeck, J., Mayer, J., Miltz, A., Casoria, M., Quagliata, M., Meinberger, D., Klatt, A. R., Wielert, I., Maier, B., Papini, A. M., et al. (2024) · ACS Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00078 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
- Authors
- Mookherjee, N., Anderson, M. A., Haagsman, H. P., & Davidson, D. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Manitoba (CA)
- La Trobe University (AU)
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Centre for Inflammation Research (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Mookherjee, Neeloffer
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Drug Discovery
- Published
- 2020-02-27
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 311-332
- ISSN
- 1474-1776 (ISSN-L)
- 1474-1784
- OpenAlex
- W3007285729
- Cited by
- 1,502
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 256 · 2025: 267 · 2024: 245 · 2023: 238 · 2022: 222 · 2021: 192 · 2020: 79 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 20.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Drug Discovery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Action Medical Research
- ZonMw
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Antimicrobial agents and applications
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- antimicrobial peptides, microbicidal activity, immunomodulation, inflammation resolution, infectious disease therapy, chronic inflammatory diseases, wound healing, synthetic peptide design, clinical trials
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Communicable Diseases, Humans, Inflammation, Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review