A road map for understanding molecular and genetic determinants of osteoporosis
Open accessAbstract
Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent disorder characterized by low bone mineral density and an increased risk of fracture, termed osteoporotic fracture. Notably, bone mineral density, osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture are highly heritable; however, determining the genetic architecture, and especially the underlying genomic and molecular mechanisms, of osteoporosis in vivo in humans is still challenging. In addition to susceptibility loci identified in genome-wide association studies, advances in various omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics and metabolomics, have all been applied to dissect the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. However, each technology individually cannot capture the entire view of the disease pathology and thus fails to comprehensively identify the underlying pathological molecular mechanisms, especially the regulatory and signalling mechanisms. A change to the status quo calls for integrative multi-omics and inter-omics analyses with approaches in 'systems genetics and genomics'. In this Review, we highlight findings from genome-wide association studies and studies using various omics technologies individually to identify mechanisms of osteoporosis. Furthermore, we summarize current studies of data integration to understand, diagnose and inform the treatment of osteoporosis. The integration of multiple technologies will provide a road map to illuminate the complex pathogenesis of osteoporosis, especially from molecular functional aspects, in vivo in humans.
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Osteoporosis: Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics
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- Authors
- Yang, T.-L., Shen, H., Liu, A., Dong, S.-S., Zhang, L., Deng, F.-Y., Zhao, Q., & Deng, H.-W.
- Affiliations
- Xi'an Jiaotong University (CN)
- Tulane University (US)
- Soochow University (CN)
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Deng, Hong-Wen
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Endocrinology
- Published
- 2019-12-02
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 91-103
- ISSN
- 1759-5029 (ISSN-L)
- 1759-5037
- PMC
- PMC6980376
- OpenAlex
- W2990451375
- Cited by
- 341
- References
- 158
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 55 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 62 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 16
- FWCI
- 6.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG061917, U19AG055373)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH107354, R01MH104680)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM109068, P20GM109036)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK115679)
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR059781, R01AR069055)
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R01EB020407, R01EB006841)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- osteoporosis, osteoporotic fractures, bone mineral density, genetic susceptibility loci, heritability, multi-omics integration, systems genetics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, osteoporosis pathogenesis, osteoporosis diagnosis, osteoporosis treatment
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Osteoporosis, Bone Density, Genomics, Proteomics, Fractures, Bone, Genome-Wide Association Study, Metabolomics, Epigenomics
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