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T cells and the skin: from protective immunity to inflammatory skin disorders
Abstract
Skin is our primary interface with the environment, and T cells are crucial for orchestrating host immune responses against pathogenic microorganisms at this site. Effective skin immune responses require the generation of antigen-specific effector T cells, which home to cutaneous sites of injury or infection. Long-lasting immunity against future immune challenges is mediated by memory T cells. Among the memory T cells found in skin are both recirculating cells that transit between skin and blood and tissue-resident memory T (T RM ) cells, which remain in skin for long periods of time and mediate durable protective immunity. These T RM cells also appear to drive many inflammatory diseases of skin. Here, we consider how a better understanding of cutaneous T cell responses can aid in the development of effective new therapies for immune-mediated cutaneous diseases.
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“Additionally, the immune response and inflammatory processes involved in wound healing can vary between mice and humans.”
From Anti-Inflammatory and Histological Analysis of Skin Wound Healing through Topical Application of Mexican Propolis (2023) · cites this paper as [92]
In the citing paper
“Mice may exhibit a more robust or different immune response compared to humans, meaning that the effects of propolis on immune modulation and inflammation observed in mice may not directly translate to humans [91,92].”
From Anti-Inflammatory and Histological Analysis of Skin Wound Healing through Topical Application of Mexican Propolis (2023) · cites this paper as [92]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ho, A. W., & Kupper, T. S.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kupper, Thomas S.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Immunology
- Published
- 2019-04-16
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 490-502
- ISSN
- 1474-1733 (ISSN-L)
- 1474-1741
- OpenAlex
- W2936645459
- Cited by
- 241
- References
- 207
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 8
- FWCI
- 2.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature reviews. Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Dermatology Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ca120372-05)
- National Cancer Institute (R01 CA120372)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI127654)
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR065807, T32AR007098)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Keywords
- skin immunity, tissue-resident memory T cells, memory T cells, effector T cells, skin inflammation, immune-mediated skin disease, innate-like T cells, protective immunity, T cell homing, skin immune response
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Immunologic Memory, Inflammation, Skin, Skin Diseases, T-Lymphocytes
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