The DOI matches its Crossref record; 56 of the 56 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Neuronal vulnerability and multilineage diversity in multiple sclerosis
Open accessAbstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory disease with a relapsing-remitting disease course at early stages, distinct lesion characteristics in cortical grey versus subcortical white matter and neurodegeneration at chronic stages. Here we used single-nucleus RNA sequencing to assess changes in expression in multiple cell lineages in MS lesions and validated the results using multiplex in situ hybridization. We found selective vulnerability and loss of excitatory CUX2-expressing projection neurons in upper-cortical layers underlying meningeal inflammation; such MS neuron populations exhibited upregulation of stress pathway genes and long non-coding RNAs. Signatures of stressed oligodendrocytes, reactive astrocytes and activated microglia mapped most strongly to the rim of MS plaques. Notably, single-nucleus RNA sequencing identified phagocytosing microglia and/or macrophages by their ingestion and perinuclear import of myelin transcripts, confirmed by functional mouse and human culture assays. Our findings indicate lineage- and region-specific transcriptomic changes associated with selective cortical neuron damage and glial activation contributing to progression of MS lesions.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“It is well established that focal lesions such as those in the brainstem result in axonal loss, and that cortical demyelination, which occurs independently of white matter lesions, is associated with selective neuronal loss18; both these degenerative features are prominent determinants of progression18,19.”
From Locus for severity implicates CNS resilience in progression of multiple sclerosis (2023) · cites this paper as [18]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Besides these clinical differences, homozygous rs10191329 risk allele carriers also demonstrated more severe MS-specific brainstem and cortical pathology, which result in axonal and neuronal degeneration respectively and drive progression18,19.”
From Locus for severity implicates CNS resilience in progression of multiple sclerosis (2023) · cites this paper as [18]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“This cluster was selectively enriched within acute/chronic active MS lesions (Fig. 4 C and D and Dataset S7).”
From Acute TREM2 inhibition depletes MAFB-high microglia and hinders remyelination (2025) · cites this paper as [37]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Together, these results suggest microglia contribute to both the development and progression of MS”
From Activated microglia drive demyelination via CSF1R signaling (2021) · cites this paper as Schirmer et al., 2019
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“A reanalysis of the human MS snRNA-seq dataset from Schirmer et al. (37) showed that microglia coexpressed TREM2 and MAFB (SI Appendix, Fig. S9 A–D).”
From Acute TREM2 inhibition depletes MAFB-high microglia and hinders remyelination (2025) · cites this paper as [37]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Reclustering of microglia revealed three distinct clusters spanning three different MS conditions (Fig. 4 A and B and Dataset S7).”
From Acute TREM2 inhibition depletes MAFB-high microglia and hinders remyelination (2025) · cites this paper as [37]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“MS lesions, particularly the rims of chronic active lesions, contain stressed OLs, reactive astrocytes, and activated phagocytosing microglia/macrophages11,12,15.”
From A comparative transcriptomic analysis of mouse demyelination models and multiple sclerosis lesions (2026) · cites this paper as [12]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Interestingly, B2M was not significantly upregulated by MOLs in any MS lesion type, however it has been shown to be upregulated in other MS datasets11–13.”
From A comparative transcriptomic analysis of mouse demyelination models and multiple sclerosis lesions (2026) · cites this paper as [12]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“As tools for identifying and visualizing microglia have advanced, numerous studies have found reactive microglia in both active, and pre-active MS lesions (Lassmann, 2014; van der Valk & Amor, 2009; Zhang et al., 2011), including evidence for their active phagocytosis of myelin and myelin transcripts (Schirmer et al., 2019).”
From Activated microglia drive demyelination via CSF1R signaling (2021) · cites this paper as Schirmer et al., 2019
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“In this dataset, MAFB was also weakly expressed in inhibitory neurons.”
From Acute TREM2 inhibition depletes MAFB-high microglia and hinders remyelination (2025) · cites this paper as [37]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Within these clusters, cluster 1 stood out due to its pronounced MAFB expression.”
From Acute TREM2 inhibition depletes MAFB-high microglia and hinders remyelination (2025) · cites this paper as [37]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“The ground truth cell-type labels were taken from the original publication of the data [19].”
From A Deep Dive into Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Foundation Models (2023) · cites this paper as [19]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2
Love, M. I., Huber, W., & Anders, S. (2014) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-014-0550-8 · Cited by 95,106
clusterProfiler: an R Package for Comparing Biological Themes Among Gene Clusters
Yu, G., Wang, L.-G., Han, Y., & He, Q.-Y. (2012) · OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology · doi:10.1089/omi.2011.0118 · Cited by 36,259
(2008) · Journal of Machine Learning Research · Cited by 33,051
Vos, T., Abajobir, A. A., Abate, K. H., Abbafati, C., Abbas, K. M., Abd-Allah, F., Abdulkader, R. S., Abdulle, A. M., Abebo, T. A., Abera, S. F., et al. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)32154-2 · Cited by 13,220
Self-citationNeurotoxic reactive astrocytes are induced by activated microglia
Liddelow, S. A., Guttenplan, K. A., Clarke, L. E., Bennett, F. C., Bohlen, C. J., Schirmer, L., Bennett, M. L., Münch, A. E., Chung, W.-S., Peterson, T. C., et al. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature21029 · Cited by 7,971
Self-citationTrapnell, C., Cacchiarelli, D., Grimsby, J., Pokharel, P., Li, S., Morse, M., Lennon, N. J., Livak, K. J., Mikkelsen, T. S., & Rinn, J. L. (2014) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.2859 · Cited by 7,314
Vos, T., Allen, C., Arora, M., Barber, R. M., Bhutta, Z. A., Brown, A., Carter, A., Casey, D. C., Charlson, F. J., Chen, A. Z., et al. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31678-6 · Cited by 7,253
Scenic: single-cell regulatory network inference and clustering.
Aibar, S., González-Blas, C. B., Moerman, T., Huynh-Thu, V. A., Imrichova, H., Hulselmans, G., Rambow, F., Marine, J.-C., Geurts, P., Aerts, J., et al. (2017) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.4463 · Cited by 6,520
Microglia Sculpt Postnatal Neural Circuits in an Activity and Complement-Dependent Manner
Schafer, D. P., Lehrman, E. K., Kautzman, A. G., Koyama, R., Mardinly, A. R., Yamasaki, R., Ransohoff, R. M., Greenberg, M. E., Barres, B. A., & Stevens, B. (2012) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.03.026 · Cited by 4,089
Self-citationAxonal transection in the lesions of multiple sclerosis
Trapp, B. D., Peterson, J., Ransohoff, R. M., Rudick, R., Mörk, S., & Bö, L. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199801293380502 · Cited by 4,029
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Munschauer, M. et al. The NORAD lncRNA assembles a topoisomerase complex critical for genome stability. Nature 561, 132–136 (2018). · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 501–600 of 644
Pasquero, S., Penna, A., Signorini, L., Villani, S., Gugliesi, F., Caneparo, V., Favero, F., Camille, W., Green, R. M., Frasson, I., et al. (2026) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2026.115038 · Cited by 1
Glial cells in chronic inflammation: diversity, dysfunction and therapeutic targeting
Lee, H., Rone, J. M., Lee, J.-H., & Quintana, F. J. (2026) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01313-2 · Cited by 3
HMC3 revealed: how much do these “Microglia” really tell us?
Buccarello, L., Privitera, A., Partsinevelos, K., Serwa, K., Carota, G., Pietro, L. D., Cardaci, V., Mangione, R., Sibbitts, J., Lazzarino, G., et al. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1778798 · Cited by 2
Wang, S., Zhong, Y., Wang, C., Tian, M., Bennett, J. L., Bliss‐Moreau, E., Xue, Y., Yu, C., Hou, X., Zheng, Y. Y., et al. (2026) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2538147123 · Cited by 1
Intracellular complement factor H protects neurons during CNS inflammation
Mayer, C., Woo, M. S., Sonner, J. K., Binkle-Ladisch, L., Fischbach, F., Sekol, P., Smith, M. D., Lucas‐Ruiz, F., Manteufel, D., Mattern, K. M.-J., et al. (2026) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10981-y · Cited by 1
Self-citationEpigenetics and multiple sclerosis
Kular, L., Castelo‐Branco, G., & Jagodic, M. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-18516-8.00001-6 · Cited by 1
Hes, C., Tomlinson, A. J., Michielsen, L., Murdoch, H. J., Soltani, F., Kokoeva, M. V., & Sabatini, P. V. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.1101/2024.09.19.613879 · Cited by 3
Risen, S. J., Wahl, D., LaRocca, T. J., & Moreno, J. A. (2025) · Neuroglia · doi:10.3390/neuroglia6020022 · Cited by 1
Krishnan, H., Venugopal, A., Alex, P., & Raghu, P. (2025) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2025.159698 · Cited by 1
Marjani, F., Rahnama, N., Etemadifar, M., & Shoaei, M. (2022) · journal of ilam university of medical sciences · doi:10.52547/sjimu.30.1.42 · Cited by 1
Gadani, S. P., Singh, S., Kim, S., Hu, J., Smith, M. D., Calabresi, P. A., & Bhargava, P. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.88414.4 · Cited by 1
Cell type specific transcriptomic characterization of myelin abnormalities
Sun, T. (2022) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-9413 · Cited by 1
Biochemical and metabolic maladaption defines pathological niches in progressive multiple sclerosisPreprint
Grant‐Peters, M., Rich‐Griffin, C., Yeung, H., Thomas, T. R., Davis, S. A., Kalkhoran, M. A., Fisher, J., Fischer, R., Cinque, G., & Dendrou, C. A. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.09.26.509462 · Cited by 1
Mohammadnia, A., Drake, S., Zandee, S., Gosselin, D., Antel, J. P., Prat, A., & Fournier, A. E. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.08.19.608118 · Cited by 1
Gadani, S. P., Singh, S., Kim, S., Hu, J., Smith, M. D., Calabresi, P. A., & Bhargava, P. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.88414.3 · Cited by 1
Lucas, T. A., Novikova, G., Rao, S., Wang, Y., Laufer, B. I., Pandey, S., Webb, M. G., Jorstad, N. L., Friedman, B. A., Hanson, J. E., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.02.12.637903 · Cited by 1
Hes, C., Tomlinson, A. J., Michielsen, L., Murdoch, H. J., Soltani, F., Kokoeva, M. V., & Sabatini, P. V. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.106217.1 · Cited by 1
Kirou, R. A., Pinal‐Fernandez, I., Casal-Domínguez, M., Pak, K. S., Ikenaga, C., Nelke, C., Wischnewski, S., Orso, S. D., Naz, F., Islam, S., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.06.04.25328910 · Cited by 1
Self-citationA molecular map of the living human brain from quantitative MRIPreprint
Grant‐Peters, M., Thomas, G. E. C., van Kruining, D., Huuki-Myers, L. A., Zhang, R., Brenton, J., Nelvagal, H. R., Zarkali, A., Evans, J. R., Toomey, C. E., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.09.24.678316 · Cited by 1
Grinberg, A. R., Liu, L., Patel, I., Guntur, B., Glass, I. A., Shinoda, K., & Nobuta, H. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.01.01.697017 · Cited by 1
Emerging concepts in neuroscience research: 2019 highlights
Casaccia, P. (2019) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(19)30452-1
Montaser, I. A. E.-W., Hussein, H. M., El-Aziz, M. A. E.-R. A., Gaafar, A. M., & Salama, M. (2019) · Al-Azhar Medical Journal · doi:10.21608/amj.2019.64944
Top ten discoveries of the year: Neuroinflammation
Lassmann, H. (2019) · Free Neuropathology · doi:10.17879/fnp-2020-2612
Advances in Nanocarrier-Based Delivery of Therapeutic Peptides
Mittal, S., Singh, V., & Dang, S. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-41858-8_19
XIII Reunión Post-ECTRIMS: revisión de las novedades presentadas en el Congreso ECTRIMS 2020 (I)
Fernández, Ó. F., Montalbán, X., Aladro, Y., Alonso, A., González, R. V. A., Hernández, M. C. C., Castillo‐Triviño, T., Comabella, M., Costa‐Frossard, L., Forero, L., et al. (2021) · Revista de Neurología · doi:10.33588/rn.7211.2021172
Astrocytes in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis
Takarada‐Iemata, M., & Hori, O. (2021) · Folia Pharmacologica Japonica · doi:10.1254/fpj.21030
Activation of Microglia and Macrophages in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Salamero‐Boix, A., Schulz, M., & Sevenich, L. (2021) · Neuromethods · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-1712-0_2
杨榕 (2012) · 福建艺术
Yıldız, Z., Doymaz, F., & Özden, F. (2021) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2021.2003447
(2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-3-437-22085-2.00028-8
Neuroinflammation: 2022 update
Lassmann, H. (2022) · Free Neuropathology · doi:10.17879/freeneuropathology-2022-3790 · Cited by 1
Sontheimer, H. W. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821228-8.00008-1
Borner, T., Geisler, C. E., Fortin, S. M., Cosgrove, R., Alsina‐Fernandez, J., Dogra, M., Doebley, S. A., Sanchez-Navarro, M. J., Leon, R. M., Gaisinsky, J., et al. (2021) · doi:10.2337/figshare.15125112
Saliutina, M. V. (2022) · S S Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry · doi:10.17116/jnevro202212205157
Neuroinflammation in Multiple Sclerosis
Prasad, P., Roth, L., Ionescu, R.-B., Willis, C. M., Nicaise, A. M., Krzak, G., Peruzzotti‐Jametti, L., & Pluchino, S. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821618-7.00267-4
ASSESSMENT OF NURSES' LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ON MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND ITS CARE
EROĞLU, N., & Temiz, G. (2022) · Karya Journal of Health Science · doi:10.52831/kjhs.1145637
Saliutina, M. V. (2023) · Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology · doi:10.1007/s11055-023-01368-x
Hendriks, J. J. A. (2023) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.24418
Gadani, S. P., Singh, S., Kim, S., Smith, M. D., Calabresi, P. A., & Bhargava, P. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.88414.1
Intercellular Signaling Pathways as Therapeutic Targets for Vascular Dementia RepairPreprint
Tian, M., Kawaguchi, R., Shen, Y., Machnicki, M., Villegas, N. G., Cooper, D. R., Montgomery, N., Haring, J., Lan, R., Yuan, A. H., et al. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.03.24.585301
From Network to Neurotransmitter
Huiskamp, M. (2024) · doi:10.5463/thesis.544
Neurodegeneration in autoimmune central nervous system infection
Kesharwani, A., Kumar, V., Aravind, V., Murti, K., & Parihar, V. K. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-95735-9.00020-6
Microglia in multiple sclerosis
Borst, K., & Prinz, M. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823848-6.00006-3
Gadani, S. P., Singh, S., Kim, S., Hu, J., Smith, M. D., Calabresi, P. A., & Bhargava, P. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.88414.2
Unlocking disease associations during prefrontal cortex development with scRNAseqPreprint
Farley, K. O., Chen, K. G., & Lassmann, T. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4948061/v1
Monocyte-Derived Cells But Not Microglia Cause Oxidative Tissue Damage in NeuroinflammationPreprint
Villar, J., Feo, D. D., Clément, P., Meuffels, E., Bugada, V., Ingelfinger, F., Ulutekin, C., Kim, J., Pena-Francesch, M., Schmidt, K. W., et al. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5022504
Endogenous gene tagging with FnCas9 to track and sort neural lineages from 3D cortical organoidsPreprint
Kumar, M., Terré, B., Guillemot, F., & Chakraborty, D. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.01.09.631995
Han, X., Rosenberg, G. M., Kisling, V. M., Zhang, T., Lee, C., Ravi, A., Melnik, M., Bilousova, T., Spina, S., Nana, A. L., et al. (2026) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-026-73007-1
Liu, P., Deng, Q.-S., Chen, Q., Chen, X. '., Du, J., & He, C. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.06.13.659097
Spatia: Multimodal Model for Prediction and Generation of Spatial Cell Phenotypes.Preprint
Kong, Z., Qiu, M., Boesen, J., Lin, X., Yun, S., Chen, T., Kellis, M., & Žitnik, M. (2025) · PubMed
Proximity Extension Assay identifies new targets of grey matter pathology in multiple sclerosis
van der Stok, H., Coenen, L., Weil, M., Mollon, J., Klein, C., Müller, R., de Vries, H. E., & Rijnsburger, M. (2025) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2025.106626
Mutations in GFAP Alter Early Lineage Commitment of Organoids
Dykstra, W., Matusova, Z., Battaglia, R. A., Abaffy, P., Goya‐Iglesias, N., Pérez‐Sala, D., Ahlenius, H., Kubista, M., Pasterkamp, R. J., Li, L., et al. (2025) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.70049
Hes, C., Tomlinson, A. J., Michielsen, L., Murdoch, H. J., Soltani, F., Kokoeva, M. V., & Sabatini, P. V. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.106217.2.sa0
Hes, C., Tomlinson, A. J., Michielsen, L., Murdoch, H. J., Soltani, F., Kokoeva, M. V., & Sabatini, P. V. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.106217.2
Gut Microbiota, Formaldehyde Dysmetabolism, and Cognitive Impairment
Liu, K., He, Y., Wen, B., Yan, W., & He, R. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-7281-3_7
Jeannelle, F., de la Maza, M. M., Schreiner, S., Hammer, G. P., Mirault, D., Mechawar, N., Brainbank Neuro-CEB Neuropathology Network, Bank, N. B., Mittelbronn, M. G. A., & Bouvier, D. S. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.08.19.671074
Guo, H., Cui, Q., Zhang, X., Chen, C., Zheng, W., Cai, C., Wang, X., & Wang, S. (2026) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-026-04193-w
Ding, T., Schweickart, G., Kaiser, K., Rivaldi, A., Marchal, N., Harrington, C. A., Varghese, A., Qin, K., Kelly, B., Sunkel, B. D., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.09.21.677597 · Cited by 1
Physiopathologie de la sclérose en plaques
Dubessy, A., & Stankoff, B. (2025) · Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale. Neurologie · doi:10.1016/s0246-0378(25)46803-1
Bakhtiari, M., Elkjaer, M. L., Can, A. O., Theis, F. J., Oubounyt, M., & Baumbach, J. (2026) · BioData Mining · doi:10.1186/s13040-026-00582-w
Vitantonio, A. T., Dimovasili, C., Liu, Y., Ye, B., Lee, J. R., Hartigan, M., Bouchard, B., Ray, M. H., Conner, B., Vaughan, K. L., et al. (2025) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.70298
Additional file 6 of Molecular and spatial heterogeneity of microglia in Rasmussen encephalitis
Westfall, J. J., Schwind, W. N., Sran, S., Navarro, J. B., Leonard, J., Pindrik, J. A., Pierson, C. R., Boué, D. R., Koboldt, D. C., Ostendorf, A. P., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21601437
Miedema, A., Gerrits, E., Brouwer, N., Jiang, Q., Kracht, L., Meijer, M., Nutma, E., Peferoen-Baert, R. M. B., Pijnacker, A. T. E., Wesseling, E. M., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19090710
Additional file 3 of hadge: a comprehensive pipeline for donor deconvolution in single-cell studies
Curion, F., Wu, X., Heumos, L., André, M. M. G., Halle, L., Ozols, M., Grant‐Peters, M., Rich‐Griffin, C., Yeung, H.-Y., Dendrou, C. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26713097
Miedema, A., Gerrits, E., Brouwer, N., Jiang, Q., Kracht, L., Meijer, M., Nutma, E., Peferoen-Baert, R. M. B., Pijnacker, A. T. E., Wesseling, E. M., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19090716
Campagna, M. P., Xavier, A., Lea, R. A., Stankovich, J. M., Maltby, V. E., Butzkueven, H., Lechner-Scott, J., Scott, R. J., & Jokubaitis, V. G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26558462
Additional file 4 of Molecular and spatial heterogeneity of microglia in Rasmussen encephalitis
Westfall, J. J., Schwind, W. N., Sran, S., Navarro, J. B., Leonard, J., Pindrik, J. A., Pierson, C. R., Boué, D. R., Koboldt, D. C., Ostendorf, A. P., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21601431
Additional file 1 of hadge: a comprehensive pipeline for donor deconvolution in single-cell studies
Curion, F., Wu, X., Heumos, L., André, M. M. G., Halle, L., Ozols, M., Grant‐Peters, M., Rich‐Griffin, C., Yeung, H.-Y., Dendrou, C. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26713091
Shumilov, K., Ni, A., Garcia-Bonilla, M., Celorrio, M., & Friess, S. H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26749589
Additional file 7 of Molecular and spatial heterogeneity of microglia in Rasmussen encephalitis
Westfall, J. J., Schwind, W. N., Sran, S., Navarro, J. B., Leonard, J., Pindrik, J. A., Pierson, C. R., Boué, D. R., Koboldt, D. C., Ostendorf, A. P., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21601440
Shumilov, K., Ni, A., Garcia-Bonilla, M., Celorrio, M., & Friess, S. H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26308913
Additional file 8 of Molecular and spatial heterogeneity of microglia in Rasmussen encephalitis
Westfall, J. J., Schwind, W. N., Sran, S., Navarro, J. B., Leonard, J., Pindrik, J. A., Pierson, C. R., Boué, D. R., Koboldt, D. C., Ostendorf, A. P., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21601443
Additional file 3 of Molecular and spatial heterogeneity of microglia in Rasmussen encephalitis
Westfall, J. J., Schwind, W. N., Sran, S., Navarro, J. B., Leonard, J., Pindrik, J. A., Pierson, C. R., Boué, D. R., Koboldt, D. C., Ostendorf, A. P., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21601428
Additional file 2 of Molecular and spatial heterogeneity of microglia in Rasmussen encephalitis
Westfall, J. J., Schwind, W. N., Sran, S., Navarro, J. B., Leonard, J., Pindrik, J. A., Pierson, C. R., Boué, D. R., Koboldt, D. C., Ostendorf, A. P., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21601425
Seeker, L. A., Bestard-Cuche, N., Jäkel, S., Kazakou, N.-L., Bøstrand, S. M. K., Wagstaff, L. J., Cholewa-Waclaw, J., Kilpatrick, A. M., van Bruggen, D., Kabbe, M., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26591057
Pan, J., Forés-Martos, J., Nouh, C. D., Jensen, T. D., Vallejo, K., Cayrol, R., Ahmadian, S. S., Ashley, E. A., Greicius, M. D., & Cobos, I. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26944581
Seeker, L. A., Bestard-Cuche, N., Jäkel, S., Kazakou, N.-L., Bøstrand, S. M. K., Wagstaff, L. J., Cholewa-Waclaw, J., Kilpatrick, A. M., van Bruggen, D., Kabbe, M., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26591051
Seeker, L. A., Bestard-Cuche, N., Jäkel, S., Kazakou, N.-L., Bøstrand, S. M. K., Wagstaff, L. J., Cholewa-Waclaw, J., Kilpatrick, A. M., van Bruggen, D., Kabbe, M., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26591048
Additional file 1 of Neuronal hibernation following hippocampal demyelination
Baltan, S., Jawaid, S., Chomyk, A. M., Kidd, G. J., Chen, J., Battapady, H. D., Chan, R., Dutta, R., & Trapp, B. D. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14140179
Additional file 10 of Molecular and spatial heterogeneity of microglia in Rasmussen encephalitis
Westfall, J. J., Schwind, W. N., Sran, S., Navarro, J. B., Leonard, J., Pindrik, J. A., Pierson, C. R., Boué, D. R., Koboldt, D. C., Ostendorf, A. P., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21601404
Seeker, L. A., Bestard-Cuche, N., Jäkel, S., Kazakou, N.-L., Bøstrand, S. M. K., Wagstaff, L. J., Cholewa-Waclaw, J., Kilpatrick, A. M., van Bruggen, D., Kabbe, M., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26591063
Additional file 4 of hadge: a comprehensive pipeline for donor deconvolution in single-cell studies
Curion, F., Wu, X., Heumos, L., André, M. M. G., Halle, L., Ozols, M., Grant‐Peters, M., Rich‐Griffin, C., Yeung, H.-Y., Dendrou, C. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26713103
Additional file 9 of Molecular and spatial heterogeneity of microglia in Rasmussen encephalitis
Westfall, J. J., Schwind, W. N., Sran, S., Navarro, J. B., Leonard, J., Pindrik, J. A., Pierson, C. R., Boué, D. R., Koboldt, D. C., Ostendorf, A. P., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21601446
Shumilov, K., Ni, A., Garcia-Bonilla, M., Celorrio, M., & Friess, S. H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26309129
Mathy, N. W., Burleigh, O., Kochvar, A., Whiteford, E. R., Behrens, M., Marta, P., Tian, C., Gong, A.-Y., Drescher, K. M., Steyger, P. S., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13531586
Additional file 2 of hadge: a comprehensive pipeline for donor deconvolution in single-cell studies
Curion, F., Wu, X., Heumos, L., André, M. M. G., Halle, L., Ozols, M., Grant‐Peters, M., Rich‐Griffin, C., Yeung, H.-Y., Dendrou, C. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26713094
Miedema, A., Gerrits, E., Brouwer, N., Jiang, Q., Kracht, L., Meijer, M., Nutma, E., Peferoen-Baert, R. M. B., Pijnacker, A. T. E., Wesseling, E. M., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19090719
Miedema, A., Gerrits, E., Brouwer, N., Jiang, Q., Kracht, L., Meijer, M., Nutma, E., Peferoen-Baert, R. M. B., Pijnacker, A. T. E., Wesseling, E. M., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19090713
Additional file 1 of Molecular and spatial heterogeneity of microglia in Rasmussen encephalitis
Westfall, J. J., Schwind, W. N., Sran, S., Navarro, J. B., Leonard, J., Pindrik, J. A., Pierson, C. R., Boué, D. R., Koboldt, D. C., Ostendorf, A. P., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21601422
Miedema, A., Gerrits, E., Brouwer, N., Jiang, Q., Kracht, L., Meijer, M., Nutma, E., Peferoen-Baert, R. M. B., Pijnacker, A. T. E., Wesseling, E. M., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19090707
Pan, J., Forés-Martos, J., Nouh, C. D., Jensen, T. D., Vallejo, K., Cayrol, R., Ahmadian, S. S., Ashley, E. A., Greicius, M. D., & Cobos, I. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26944587
Pan, J., Forés-Martos, J., Nouh, C. D., Jensen, T. D., Vallejo, K., Cayrol, R., Ahmadian, S. S., Ashley, E. A., Greicius, M. D., & Cobos, I. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26944590
Pan, J., Forés-Martos, J., Nouh, C. D., Jensen, T. D., Vallejo, K., Cayrol, R., Ahmadian, S. S., Ashley, E. A., Greicius, M. D., & Cobos, I. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26944593
Ning, Z., Liu, Y., Wan, M., Zuo, Y., Chen, S., Shi, Z., Xu, Y., Li, H., Ko, H., Zhang, J., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26733199
Additional file 11 of Molecular and spatial heterogeneity of microglia in Rasmussen encephalitis
Westfall, J. J., Schwind, W. N., Sran, S., Navarro, J. B., Leonard, J., Pindrik, J. A., Pierson, C. R., Boué, D. R., Koboldt, D. C., Ostendorf, A. P., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21601407
Pan, J., Forés-Martos, J., Nouh, C. D., Jensen, T. D., Vallejo, K., Cayrol, R., Ahmadian, S. S., Ashley, E. A., Greicius, M. D., & Cobos, I. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26944584
Additional file 5 of Molecular and spatial heterogeneity of microglia in Rasmussen encephalitis
Westfall, J. J., Schwind, W. N., Sran, S., Navarro, J. B., Leonard, J., Pindrik, J. A., Pierson, C. R., Boué, D. R., Koboldt, D. C., Ostendorf, A. P., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21601434
Campagna, M. P., Xavier, A., Lea, R. A., Stankovich, J. M., Maltby, V. E., Butzkueven, H., Lechner-Scott, J., Scott, R. J., & Jokubaitis, V. G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26558465
Metadata
- Authors
- Schirmer, L., Velmeshev, D., Holmqvist, S., Kaufmann, M., Werneburg, S., Jung, D., Vistnes, S., Stockley, J. H., Young, A., Steindel, M., Tung, B., Goyal, N., Bhaduri, A., Mayer, S., Engler, J. B., Bayraktar, O. A., Franklin, R. J. M., Haeussler, M., Reynolds, R., Schafer, D. P., Friese, M. A., Shiow, L. R., Kriegstein, A. R., & Rowitch, D. H.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Wellcome/MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute (GB)
- Universität Hamburg (DE)
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
- University of California, Santa Cruz (US)
- Imperial College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Kriegstein, Arnold R.
- Rowitch, David H.
- ORCID
- Schirmer, Lucas
- Velmeshev, Dmitry
- Holmqvist, Staffan
- Kaufmann, Max
- Werneburg, Sebastian
- Vistnes, Stephanie
- Stockley, John H.
- Steindel, Maike
- Bhaduri, Aparna
- Mayer, Simone
- Engler, Jan Broder
- Bayraktar, Omer A.
- Franklin, Robin J. M.
- Haeussler, Maximilian
- Reynolds, Richard
- Schafer, Dorothy P.
- Friese, Manuel A.
- Shiow, Lawrence R.
- Kriegstein, Arnold R.
- Rowitch, David H.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2019-07-17
- Volume
- 573
- Issue
- 7772
- Pages
- 75-82
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC6731122
- OpenAlex
- W2951560273
- Cited by
- 638
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 69 · 2025: 100 · 2024: 118 · 2023: 91 · 2022: 99 · 2021: 89 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 15
- FWCI
- 47.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship@UMassChan (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion)
- Apollo (University of Cambridge) (submittedVersion)
- Apollo
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (108139, 108139/B/15/Z, 108139/Z/15/Z)
- Multiple Sclerosis Society
- Rosetrees Trust (M525-CD2)
- Cambridge University Hospitals (146281)
- Medical Research Council (MC_PC_12009, MR/K008803/1, MR/M010503/1)
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (1517905, BB/I013210/1)
- National Human Genome Research Institute (U41HG002371)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (F32NS103266, R35NS097305, R01NS040511)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Keywords
- multiple sclerosis, neuronal vulnerability, meningeal inflammation, reactive astrocytes, microglial activation, macrophages, MS plaques, long non-coding RNA, glial activation, single-nucleus RNA sequencing
- MeSH terms
- RNA-Seq, Adult, Animals, Astrocytes, Autopsy, Female, Humans, Macrophages, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Sclerosis, Myelin Sheath, Neurons, Oligodendroglia, Phagocytosis, RNA, Small Nuclear, Cryopreservation, Microglia, Homeodomain Proteins, Cell Lineage, Mice, Transcriptome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
