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The innate immunity protein IFITM3 modulates γ-secretase in Alzheimer’s disease
Open accessAbstract
Innate immunity is associated with Alzheimer's disease 1, but the influence of immune activation on the production of amyloid-β is unknown 2,3. Here we identify interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) as a γ-secretase modulatory protein, and establish a mechanism by which inflammation affects the generation of amyloid-β. Inflammatory cytokines induce the expression of IFITM3 in neurons and astrocytes, which binds to γ-secretase and upregulates its activity, thereby increasing the production of amyloid-β. The expression of IFITM3 is increased with ageing and in mouse models that express familial Alzheimer's disease genes. Furthermore, knockout of IFITM3 reduces γ-secretase activity and the formation of amyloid plaques in a transgenic mouse model (5xFAD) of early amyloid deposition. IFITM3 protein is upregulated in tissue samples from a subset of patients with late-onset Alzheimer's disease that exhibit higher γ-secretase activity. The amount of IFITM3 in the γ-secretase complex has a strong and positive correlation with γ-secretase activity in samples from patients with late-onset Alzheimer's disease. These findings reveal a mechanism in which γ-secretase is modulated by neuroinflammation via IFITM3 and the risk of Alzheimer's disease is thereby increased.
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“Activated microglia may be involved in the generation of Aβ plaque by increasing the secretion of Aβ fragments; inducing the expression of interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3), a γ-secretase modulatory protein; or releasing agents such as iron, which enhances the aggregation of soluble β-amyloid.37–39”
From Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration development (2023) · cites this paper as [39]
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“Brain inflammation can also trigger deposition of pathological amyloid proteins via upregulation of interferon‐induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3). 104”
From Senescence, brain inflammation, and oligomeric tau drive cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease: Evidence from clinical and preclinical studies (2024) · cites this paper as [104]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hur, J.-Y., Frost, G. R., Wu, X., Crump, C., Pan, S. J., Wong, E., Barros, M., Li, T., Nie, P., Zhai, Y., Wang, J. C., TCW, J., Guo, L., McKenzie, A., Ming, C., Zhou, X., Wang, M., Sagi, Y., Renton, A. E., Esposito, B. T., Kim, Y., Sadleir, K. R., Trinh, I., Rissman, R. A., Vassar, R., Zhang, B., Johnson, D. S., Masliah, E., Greengard, P., Goate, A., & Li, Y.-M.
- Affiliations
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Rockefeller University (US)
- Northwestern University (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Pfizer (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Yue-Ming
- ORCID
- Hur, Ji-Yeun
- Frost, Georgia R.
- Wong, Eitan
- Barros, Marilia
- Li, Thomas
- Zhai, Yujia
- TCW, Julia
- Guo, Lei
- McKenzie, Andrew
- Ming, Chen
- Zhou, Xianxiao
- Wang, Minghui
- Sagi, Yotam
- Renton, Alan E.
- Kim, Yong
- Sadleir, Katherine R.
- Trinh, Ivy
- Rissman, Robert A.
- Vassar, Robert
- Zhang, Bin
- Johnson, Douglas S.
- Masliah, Eliezer
- Greengard, Paul
- Goate, Alison
- Li, Yue-Ming
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2020-09-02
- Volume
- 586
- Issue
- 7831
- Pages
- 735-740
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC7919141
- OpenAlex
- W3082942379
- Cited by
- 382
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 53 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 68 · 2022: 77 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 15
- FWCI
- 34.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1s10od018522-01, 1s10od026880-01)
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG057907, R01AG026660, U01AG046170, R01AG018440, R01AG006170, RF1AG057440, K01AG062683, RF1AG057593, R01AG061350, P30AG062429)
- National Cancer Institute (P30CA008748)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS096275)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- IFITM3, gamma-secretase, Alzheimer's disease, amyloid-beta, innate immunity, neuroinflammation, inflammatory cytokines, presenilin, amyloid plaques, 5xFAD mice, late-onset Alzheimer's disease, aging, familial Alzheimer's disease
- MeSH terms
- Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Astrocytes, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Inflammation, Male, Membrane Proteins, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Risk, Up-Regulation, Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor, RNA-Binding Proteins, Age of Onset, Catalytic Domain, Mice, Presenilin-1, Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases, HEK293 Cells
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