Cited by 17Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

Molecular mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease: From therapeutic targets to promising drugs

Alan, Elif, Kerry, Zeliha, Sevin, Gulnur·2023·Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive impairment so widespread that it interferes with a person's ability to complete daily activities. AD is becoming increasingly common, and it is estimated that the number of patients will reach 152 million by 2050. Current treatment options for AD are symptomatic and have modest benefits. Therefore, considering the human, social, and economic burden of the disease, the development of drugs with the potential to alter disease progression has become a global priority. In this review, the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathology of AD were evaluated as therapeutic targets. The main aim of the review is to focus on new knowledge about mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuronal transmission in AD, as well as a range of cellular signaling mechanisms and associated treatments. Important molecular interactions leading to AD were described in amyloid cascade and in tau protein function, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, cholinergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission, cAMP-regulatory element-binding protein (CREB), the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT-1), neuroinflammation (glial cells), and synaptic alterations. This review summarizes recent experimental and clinical research in AD pathology and analyzes the potential of therapeutic applications based on molecular disease mechanisms.

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Crossref · 10.1111/fcp.12861

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239 of 239 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • γ-secretase inhibitors such as tarenflurbil, avagacestat, and semagacestat lower amyloid beta synthesis by preventing gamma secretase enzyme from functioning.

    “This includes γ-secretase inhibitors, such as tarenflurbil (7, Figure 5) [155,156], avagacestat (labeled as 6, Figure 5) [157,158], and semagacestat (5, Figure 5) [159,160]. Their purpose is to lower the synthesis of amyloid beta by preventing the gamma secretase enzyme from functioning.”

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Authors
Alan, E., Kerry, Z., & Sevin, G.
Affiliations
  • Ege University (TR)
  • Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy Ege University Izmir Turkey
Venue
Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2023-01-13
Volume
37
Issue
3
Pages
397-427
ISSN
  • 0767-3981 (ISSN-L)
  • 1472-8206
OpenAlex
W4313225649
Cited by
17
References
240
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3
FWCI
0.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, molecular mechanisms, therapeutic target, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neural transmission, amyloid hypothesis, tau protein, cholinergic neurotransmission, glutamatergic neurotransmission, CREB, SIRT1, neuroinflammation, glial cells, synaptic changes, disease-modifying drugs
MeSH terms
Alzheimer Disease, Humans, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Oxidative Stress, Neurodegenerative Diseases

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