Corticotropin-releasing factor neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis exhibit sex-specific pain encoding in mice
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Abstract
The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) plays an emerging role in pain regulation. Pharmacological studies have found that inhibiting corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) signaling in the BNST can selectively mitigate the sensory and affective-motivational components of pain. However, mechanistic insight on the source of CRF that drives BNST responses to these harmful experiences remains unknown. In the present study, we used a series of genetic approaches to show that CRF in the BNST is engaged in the processing and modulation of pain. We conducted cell-type specific in vivo calcium imaging in CRF-Cre mice and found robust and synchronized recruitment of BNST CRF neurons during acute exposures to noxious heat. Distinct patterns of recruitment were observed by sex, as the magnitude and timing of heat responsive activity in BNST CRF neurons differed for male and female mice. We then used a viral approach in Floxed-CRF mice to selectively reduce CRF expression in the BNST and found it decreased nociceptive sensitivity for both sexes and increased paw attending for females. Together, these findings reveal that CRF in the BNST influences multiple facets of the pain experience to impact the sex-specific expression of pain-related behaviors.
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The BNST exhibits heterogeneity in neural responses, even within genetically defined cell populations.
“This is further complicated by the fact that the BNST exhibits heterogeneity in neural responses, even within genetically defined cell populations (83–85).”
From Sexual differentiation of neural mechanisms of stress sensitivity during puberty (2023) · cites this paper as [83]
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- Authors
- Yu, W., Caira, C. M., del R. Rivera Sanchez, N., Moseley, G. A., & Kash, T. L.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kash, Thomas L.
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2021-06-14
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 12500-12500
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8203647
- OpenAlex
- W3168280339
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 91
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 2.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (F31AA027129, R21AA027460)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM007040)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Ion Channels and Receptors
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- corticotropin-releasing factor, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, pain processing, sex differences, nociception, thermal pain, CRF neurons, neuronal activity, pain behavior
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Hot Temperature, Humans, Male, Mice, Transgenic, Neurons, Pain, Septal Nuclei, Sex Factors, Mice, Nociception, Optical Imaging
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