False leukemia–lymphoma cell lines: an update on over 500 cell lines

Drexler, H G; Dirks, W G; Matsuo, Y; MacLeod, R A F

doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2402799

Cited by 202Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia researchClinical Laboratory Practices and Quality ControlAcute Myeloid Leukemia Research

False leukemia–lymphoma cell lines: an update on over 500 cell lines

Drexler, H G, Dirks, W G, Matsuo, Y, MacLeod, R A F·2003·Leukemia

DOI 10.1038/sj.leu.2402799

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Abstract

Human leukemia-lymphoma (LL) cell lines represent an extremely important resource for research in a variety of fields and disciplines. As the cell lines are used as in vitro model systems in lieu of primary cell material, it is crucial that the cells in the culture flasks faithfully correspond to the purported objects of study. Obviously, proper authentication of cell line derivation and precise characterization are indispensable requirements to use as model systems. A number of studies has shown an unacceptable level of LL cell lines to be false. We present here the results of authenticating a comprehensively large sample (n = 550) of LL cell lines mainly by DNA fingerprinting and cytogenetic evaluation. Surprisingly, near-identical incidences (ca 15%) of false cell lines were observed among cell lines obtained directly from original investigators (59/395: 14.9%) and from secondary sources (23/155: 14.8%) implying that most cross-contamination is perpetrated by originators, presumably during establishment. By comparing our data with those published, we were further able to subclassify the false cell lines as (1) virtual: cross-contaminated with and unretrievably overgrown by other cell lines during initiation, never enjoying independent existence; (2) misidentified: cross-contaminated subsequent to establishment so that an original prototype may still exist; or (3) misclassified: unwittingly established from an unintended (often normal) cell type. Prolific classic leukemia c…

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The issue of misidentified cell lines has long been known, but its effect on the scientific literature has not been properly recognised, let alone properly treated.
“Although the issue of misidentified cell lines has long been known, its effect on the scientific literature has not been properly recognised, let alone properly treated [47, 48].”
From The ghosts of HeLa: How cell line misidentification contaminates the scientific literature (2017) · cites this paper as [47]
In 2003, Drexler et al. fingerprinted 550 leukemia-lymphoma cells and calculated a 29.7% rate of CCCM.
“In 2003, Drexler, et al. fingerprinted 550 leukemia-lymphoma cells and calculated a 29.7%rate of CCCM [82].”
From The history, landscape, and outlook of human cell line authentication and security (2024) · cites this paper as [82]

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DAMI Cell Line
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Isolation and characterization of an early T-helper/inducer cell line with a unique pattern of surface phenotype, constitutive cytokine secretion and myc oncogene expression.
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Establishment and characterization of a novel human cell line exhibiting both immunophenotypic markers of monocyte/macrophage and natural killer cell lineages from peripheral blood of a patient with atopic dermatitis
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Untitled work
(1999) · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19991112)83:4
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“29 Thus to interpret authentication test results correctly, one must use standardized match criteria to discriminate between ‘‘related’’ (same donor) and ‘‘unrelated’’ (different donor) samples, with some allowance for genetic drift.”
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High‐throughput SNP‐based authentication of human cell lines
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The RAC1 P29S Hotspot Mutation in Melanoma Confers Resistance to Pharmacological Inhibition of RAF
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The cardiac homeobox gene NKX2-5 is deregulated by juxtaposition with BCL11B in pediatric T-ALL cell lines via a novel t(5;14)(q35.1;q32.2).
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Genetic Profiling Reveals Cross-Contamination and Misidentification of 6 Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Cell Lines: ACC2, ACC3, ACCM, ACCNS, ACCS and CAC2
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U-HO1, a new cell line derived from a primary refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma
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OPEN FORUM False human hematopoietic cell lines: cross-contaminations and misinterpretations
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False human hematopoietic cell lines: cross-contaminations and misinterpretations
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Human Cell Culture Vol. III, Cancer Cell Lines Part 3: Leukaemias and Lymphomas
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Authors: Drexler, H. G., Dirks, W. G., Matsuo, Y., & MacLeod, R. A. F.
Affiliations: Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DE)
Hayashibara (Japan) (JP)
ORCID: Drexler, H G
Dirks, W G
MacLeod, R A F
Venue: Leukemia
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2003-02-01
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Pages: 416-426
ISSN: 0887-6924 (ISSN-L)
1476-5551
DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402799
OpenAlex: W2095077052
Cited by: 202
References: 115
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 13.57
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
Locations: Leukemia (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control
Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research
Keywords: leukemia-lymphoma cell lines, cross-contamination, cell line authentication, DNA fingerprinting, cytogenetic evaluation, misidentification, misclassification, CCRF-CEM cells, HL-60 cells, Jurkat, K562 cells, U937 cells
MeSH terms: Humans, Karyotyping, Leukemia, Lymphoma, Research, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Reproducibility of Results, DNA Fingerprinting, Microsatellite Repeats, Cell Lineage

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False leukemia–lymphoma cell lines: an update on over 500 cell lines

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