The DOI matches its Crossref record; 89 of the 89 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Importance of Studying the Contributions of Early Adverse Experience to Neurobiological Findings in Depression
Abstract
Almost four decades of intensive research have sought to elucidate the neurobiological bases of depression. Epidemiological studies have revealed that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the risk for depression. Adverse early-life experiences influence neurobiological systems within genetic limits, leading to the neurobiological and behavioral manifestations of depression. We summarize the burgeoning evidence concerning a pre-eminent role of early adverse experience in the pathogenesis of depression. The available data suggest that (1) early adverse experience contributes to the pathophysiology of depression, (2) there are neurobiologically different subtypes of depression depending on the presence or absence of early adverse experience, likely having confounded previous research on the neurobiology of depression, and (3) early adverse experience likely influences treatment response in depression. Classification of depression based on developmental and neurobiological features will likely considerably improve future research in the field of depression, and might lead to optimized treatment strategies that directly target different neurobiological pathways to depression.
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“As such, many of the established neurobiological findings in depression may be due to the undetected presence of early physical or sexual abuse (Heim et al., 2004).”
From The Differential Impacts of Early Physical and Sexual Abuse and Internalizing Problems on Daytime Cortisol Rhythm in School-Aged Children (2010) · cites this paper as Heim et al., 2004
Citations
Cites
Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene
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Self-citationHeim, C., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2001) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01157-x · Cited by 2,791
Self-citationHeim, C. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.284.5.592 · Cited by 1,968
Self-citationPlotsky, P. M., & Meaney, M. J. (1993) · Molecular Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0169-328x(93)90189-v · Cited by 1,638
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Self-citationThe role of corticotropin-releasing factor in depression and anxiety disorders
Arborelius, L., Owens, M., Plotsky, P., & Nemeroff, C. (1999) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1600001 · Cited by 1,378
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Plotsky PM, Sánchez MM, Levine S (2001). Intrinsic and extrinsic factors modulating physiological coping systems during development. In: Broom DM (ed). Coping with Challenge. Dahlem University Press: Berlin. pp 169–196.
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The neurobiology of stress and development.
Gunnar, M., & Quevedo, K. (2007) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085605 · Cited by 2,011
The link between childhood trauma and depression: insights from HPA axis studies in humans
Heim, C., Newport, D. J., Mletzko, T., Miller, A. H., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2008) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.03.008 · Cited by 1,704
Self-citationReconsidering anhedonia in depression: Lessons from translational neuroscience
Treadway, M. T., & Zald, D. H. (2011) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.06.006 · Cited by 1,579
Gene–environment interactions in psychiatry: joining forces with neuroscience
Caspi, A., & Moffitt, T. E. (2006) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1925 · Cited by 1,300
Heim, C., & Binder, E. B. (2012) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.10.032 · Cited by 986
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Metadata
- Authors
- Heim, C., Plotsky, P. M., & Nemeroff, C. B.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nemeroff, Charles B
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 2004-03-03
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 641-648
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- 1740-634X
- OpenAlex
- W2329414057
- Cited by
- 514
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 2.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH042088, P50MH058922, MH58922, MH42088)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- childhood adversity, depression, neurobiology of depression, depression pathogenesis, genetic and environmental risk factors, depression subtypes, treatment response, developmental origins of mental disorders, depression classification
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Depression, Environment, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Life Change Events, Neurobiology, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Stress, Physiological
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