Neurobiological and psychiatric consequences of child abuse and neglect
Abstract
The effects of early-life trauma and its consequences for the treatment of depression are reviewed. The prevalence and clinical sequelae of early sexual and physical abuse, neglect and parental loss are described. An overview of preclinical studies that help guide clinical research and practice is presented. Human clinical studies on the neurobiological consequences of early trauma are summarized. Moderating factors, such as genetic variation and sex differences, are discussed. The few current treatment outcome studies relevant to this research area are described. Guidance for the management of patients with depression and a history of child abuse and neglect are provided. Most patients who have experienced early traumatic experiences are likely best treated with a combination of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. This review is dedicated to the memory of Seymour Levine who pioneered the field of early experience research and to a considerable extent inspired the clinical studies described in this review.
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Childhood maltreatment substantially increases the risk of developing neuropsychiatric conditions in adulthood, including anxiety and mood disorders.
“Childhood maltreatment is known to substantially increase the risk of developing neuropsychiatric conditions in adulthood, including anxiety and mood disorders (1–3).”
From Perineuronal nets, inhibitory interneurons and anxiety-related ventral hippocampal neuronal oscillations are altered by early life adversity (2019) · cites this paper as [1]
Early childhood abuse or neglect can lead to increased risk of depression.
“Early childhood abuse or neglect can lead to increased risk of depression”
From Oxytocin and Social Relationships: From Attachment to Bond Disruption (2017) · cites this paper as Heim et al. 2010
Early life abuse (ELAb) is a significant environmental event that alters the developmental trajectory of neurobiological systems that regulate stress, arousal and emotion.
“Early life abuse (ELAb) is a significant environmental event that alters the developmental trajectory of neurobiological systems that regulate stress, arousal and emotion.(5,6)”
MBSR has been shown to modify HPA, SNS, inflammatory and cardiac autonomic systems.
“MBSR has been shown to modify HPA, SNS, inflammatory and cardiac autonomic systems.(5)”
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- Authors
- Heim, C., Shugart, M., Craighead, W. E., & Nemeroff, C. B.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- University of Miami (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nemeroff, Charles B.
- Venue
- Developmental Psychobiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-09-29
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 671-690
- ISSN
- 0012-1630 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-2302
- OpenAlex
- W2158678922
- Cited by
- 613
- References
- 185
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 57 · 2017: 50 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 50 · 2013: 47 · 2012: 34
- FWCI
- 4.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Developmental Psychobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- child abuse, child neglect, early trauma, depression, neurobiology of trauma, psychiatric consequences, sexual abuse, physical abuse, parental loss, genetic variation, sex differences, psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, treatment outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Child, Child Abuse, Child Abuse, Sexual, Combined Modality Therapy, Depression, Humans, Life Change Events, Neurobiology, Psychotherapy, Stress, Psychological
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