The neurobiological correlates of childhood adversity and implications for treatment

Tyrka, A. R.; Burgers, D. E.; Philip, N. S.; Price, L. H.; Carpenter, L. L.

doi:10.1111/acps.12143

Cited by 142Child Abuse and TraumaStress Responses and CortisolPosttraumatic Stress Disorder Research

The neurobiological correlates of childhood adversity and implications for treatment

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Tyrka, A. R., Burgers, D. E., Philip, N. S., Price, L. H., Carpenter, L. L.·2013·Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica

DOI 10.1111/acps.12143PMC PMC4467688

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Abstract

Objective: This article provides an overview of research on the neurobiological correlates of childhood adversity and a selective review of treatment implications. Method: Findings from a broad array of human and animal studies of early adversity were reviewed. Results: Topics reviewed include neuroendocrine, neurotrophic, neuroimaging, and cognitive effects of adversity, as well as genetic and epigenetic influences. Effects of early‐life stress on treatment outcome are considered, and development of treatments designed to address the neurobiological abnormalities is discussed. Conclusion: Early adversity is associated with abnormalities of several neurobiological systems that are implicated in the development of psychopathology and other medical conditions. Early‐life stress negatively impacts treatment outcome, and individuals may require treatments that are specific to this condition.

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Childhood environments and experiences play a role in epigenetic regulation of many components of physiological stress response systems.
“Yet, in the past decade we have developed a much stronger appreciation for the role childhood environments and experiences in the epigenetic regulation of many components of physiological stress response systems (Anacker et al., 2014; Tyrka et al., 2013).”
From Developmental psychoneuroendocrine and psychoneuroimmune pathways from childhood adversity to disease (2017) · cites this paper as Tyrka et al., 2013
Evidence supports that specific genetic risk factors can predispose an individual to psychopathology when life stress increases.
“there is evidence to support that specific genetic risk factors can predispose an individual to psychopathology in the presence of increasing life stress”
From Developmental psychoneuroendocrine and psychoneuroimmune pathways from childhood adversity to disease (2017) · cites this paper as Tyrka et al., 2013
Candidate genetic risk factors have functional roles in serotonin transport, HPA-axis activation via CRH, glucocorticoid sensitivity, and BDNF production.
“Candidate genetic risk factors play functional roles in serotonin transport, activation of the HPA-axis via corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), glucocorticoid sensitivity, and production of brain derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF).”
From Developmental psychoneuroendocrine and psychoneuroimmune pathways from childhood adversity to disease (2017) · cites this paper as Tyrka et al., 2013
Each of these genetic risk factors has distinct connections to HPA-axis function and inflammatory activity.
“It is notable that each of these identified risk factors has distinct links to functioning of the HPA-axis and inflammatory activity.”
From Developmental psychoneuroendocrine and psychoneuroimmune pathways from childhood adversity to disease (2017) · cites this paper as Tyrka et al., 2013
Early life stress alters the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
“perhaps one of the most well-known effects of ELS is alteration of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis (for reviews, see McCrory et al., 2010; Strüber et al., 2014; Tyrka et al., 2013).”
From The effects of early life stress on reward processing (2018) · cites this paper as Tyrka et al., 2013

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Methylation matters: interaction between methylation density and serotonin transporter genotype predicts unresolved loss or trauma
van IJzendoorn, M. H., Caspers, K., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., Beach, S. R. H., & Philibert, R. (2010) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.05.008 · Cited by 264 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Results of a recent meta-analysis indicate that the s ‘risk’ allele of 5HTTLPR actually confers sensitivity to social support and protection from risk in enriched environments (97).”
Background
Childhood parental loss and adult hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function
Tyrka, A. R., Wier, L., Price, L. H., Ross, N., Anderson, G. M., Wilkinson, C. W., & Carpenter, L. L. (2008) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.01.011 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Self-citation
A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of d-Cycloserine to Enhance Exposure Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
de Kleine, R. A., Hendriks, G.-J., Kusters, W. J. C., Broekman, T. G., & van Minnen, A. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.02.033 · Cited by 220 · cited 1× · see citing works
“However, two recent studies did not find an overall augmentation effect of D-cycloserine on exposure therapy for PTSD (84, 85).”
Result
Minocycline as adjunctive therapy for patients with unipolar psychotic depression: An open-label study
Miyaoka, T., Wake, R., Furuya, M., Liaury, K., Ieda, M., Kawakami, K., Tsuchie, K., Taki, M., Ishihara, K., Araki, T., et al. (2012) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.02.002 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Dialectical behavior therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder related to childhood sexual abuse: A pilot study of an intensive residential treatment program
Steil, R., Dyer, A., Priebe, K., Kleindienst, N., & Bohus, M. (2011) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.20617 · Cited by 205 · cited 1× · see citing works
“DBT has demonstrated efficacy for borderline personality disorder and associated problems (77), and for PTSD related to childhood abuse (78).”
Background
Interface between hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor in depression
Kunugi, H., Hori, H., Adachi, N., & Numakawa, T. (2010) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.2010.02135.x · Cited by 200 · see citing works
A randomized placebo-controlled trial of d-cycloserine and exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder
Litz, B. T., Salters-Pedneault, K., Steenkamp, M. M., Hermos, J. A., Bryant, R. A., Otto, M. W., & Hofmann, S. G. (2012) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.05.006 · Cited by 196 · cited 1× · see citing works
“However, two recent studies did not find an overall augmentation effect of D-cycloserine on exposure therapy for PTSD (84, 85).”
Result
Neuropeptide receptor ligands as drugs for psychiatric diseases: the end of the beginning?
Griebel, G., & Holsboer, F. (2012) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd3702 · Cited by 194 · cited 1× · see citing works
“There are no other such drugs in advanced clinical development (90).”
Background
Stress-Related Methylation of the Catechol- O -Methyltransferase Val 158 Allele Predicts Human Prefrontal Cognition and Activity
Ursini, G., Bollati, V., Fazio, L., Porcelli, A., Iacovelli, L., Catalani, A., Sinibaldi, L., Gelao, B., Romano, R., Rampino, A., et al. (2011) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.6631-10.2011 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Epigenetic Inheritance of Disease and Disease Risk
Bohacek, J., & Mansuy, I. M. (2012) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2012.110 · Cited by 176 · cited 1× · see citing works
“, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors) for the treatment of cancer and other disorders (99, 100).”
Background
Effect of Acute Posttrauma Propranolol on PTSD Outcome and Physiological Responses During Script‐Driven Imagery
Hoge, E. A., Worthington, J. J., Nagurney, J. T., Chang, Y., Kay, E. B., Feterowski, C. M., Katzman, A. R., Goetz, J. M., Rosasco, M. L., Lasko, N. B., et al. (2012) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1755-5949.2010.00227.x · Cited by 174 · cited 1× · see citing works
“received only limited support as a preventative treatment for the development of PTSD (86).”
Background
Early psychological interventions to treat acute traumatic stress symptoms
Roberts, N. P., Kitchiner, N., Kenardy, J. A., & Bisson, J. I. (2010) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007944.pub2 · Cited by 170 · cited 1× · see citing works
“In comparison with supportive therapy, TF-CBT is more effective for symptoms of PTSD and depression (73).”
Method
Progress in corticotropin-releasing factor-1 antagonist development
Zorrilla, E. P., & Koob, G. F. (2010) · Drug Discovery Today · doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2010.02.011 · Cited by 167 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Clinical trials for depression have not been successful or have found problems with safety or efficacy (88), but studies of other disorders, including PTSD, are ongoing.”
Background
How understanding the neurobiology of complex post-traumatic stress disorder can inform clinical practice: a social cognitive and affective neuroscience approach: Neurobiology of PTSD and clinical practice
Lanius, R. A., Bluhm, R. L., & Frewen, P. A. (2011) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01755.x · Cited by 158 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Decreased connectivity within this network has been linked to early-life stress and PTSD, suggesting a link between stress exposure and disrupted processing of internal experiences, which may contribute to the pathophysiology of stress-related illnesses (28, 29).”
Background
Pioglitazone Adjunctive Therapy for Moderate-to-Severe Major Depressive Disorder: Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial
Sepanjnia, K., Modabbernia, A., Ashrafi, M., Modabbernia, M.-J., & Akhondzadeh, S. (2012) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2012.58 · Cited by 153 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Other drugs, such as thiazolidinediones with anti-inflammatory effects, are being re-examined for their potential role in the treatment of mood disorders (105).”
Background
Decreased Prefrontal Cortical Volume Associated with Increased Bedtime Cortisol in Traumatized Youth
Carrión, V. G., Weems, C. F., Richert, K., Hoffman, B. C., & Reiss, A. L. (2010) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.05.010 · Cited by 150 · cited 8× · see citing works
“In rodents, chronic stress and glucocorticoid administration result in remodeling and inhibition of cell proliferation in the PFC and hippocampus (17).”
Influential
Therapygenetics: the 5HTTLPR and response to psychological therapy
Eley, T. C., Hudson, J. L., Creswell, C., Tropeano, M., Lester, K. J., Cooper, P., FARMER, A. E., Lewis, C. M., Lyneham, H. J., Rapee, R. M., et al. (2011) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2011.132 · Cited by 145 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Building on this work, Eley and colleagues (98) recently conducted the first study to examine genetic predictors of response to CBT and found that individuals with two copies of the 5-HTTLPR s allele have a better response to treatment.”
Background
Early adverse events, HPA activity and rostral anterior cingulate volume in MDD
Treadway, M. T., Grant, M. M., Ding, Z., Hollon, S. D., Gore, J. C., & Shelton, R. C. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0004887 · Cited by 142 · cited 1× · see citing works
“While studies of this effect in healthy adults have yielded mixed findings, cortisol has been linked to smaller volumes of PFC (31), hippocampus (32), and anterior cingulate (33) in adults and children with early adversity.”
Endogenous cortisol is associated with functional connectivity between the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex
Veer, I. M., Oei, N. Y. L., Spinhoven, P., van Buchem, M. A., Elzinga, B. M., & Rombouts, S. A. R. B. (2012) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.12.001 · Cited by 140 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Increased cortisol concentrations have also been associated with diminished functional connectivity between the PFC and amygdala (34).”
Background
Eicosapentaenoic acid appears to be the key omega-3 fatty acid component associated with efficacy in major depressive disorder: a critique of Bloch and Hannestad and updated meta-analysis
Martins, J. G., Bentsen, H., & Puri, B. K. (2012) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2012.25 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Interventions for foster parents: Implications for developmental theory
Dozier, M., Albus, K. E., Fisher, P. A., & Sepulveda, S. (2002) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579402004091 · Cited by 133 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The consequences of stress exposures occurring in early development are especially profound because i) young children are entirely dependent on caregivers for their basic physical, social, and emotional needs and ii) this period involves rapid and largescale developmental changes in neural pathways that regulate emoti…”
Background
The impact of childhood abuse and recent stress on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor and the moderating role of BDNF Val66Met
Elzinga, B. M., Molendijk, M. L., Voshaar, R. C. O., Bus, B. A. A., Prickaerts, J., Spinhoven, P., & Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2010) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1961-1 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Peripheral insulin-like growth factor-I produces antidepressant-like behavior and contributes to the effect of exercise
Duman, C. H., Schlesinger, L., Terwilliger, R., Russell, D. S., Newton, S. S., & Duman, R. S. (2009) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2008.11.016 · Cited by 123 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Importantly, chronic treatment with exercise, antidepressants, and electroconvulsive shock has been shown to increase BDNF levels and hippocampal neurogenesis in rodents (19).”
Background
Mifepristone decreases depression-like behavior and modulates neuroendocrine and central hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical axis responsiveness to stress
Wulsin, A. C., Herman, J. P., & Solomon, M. B. (2010) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.01.011 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
NMDA receptors and fear extinction: implications for cognitive behavioral therapy
Davis, M. (2011) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2011.13.4/mdavis · Cited by 118 · cited 1× · see citing works
“D-cycloserine, a partial agonist at n-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors which are involved in synaptic remodeling and memory function, is known to enhance cognition and has been found to facilitate both fear extinction in animals and exposure therapy in humans with some anxiety disorders (83).”
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and suicide pathogenesis
Dwivedi, Y. (2010) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.3109/07853890903485730 · Cited by 113 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Postmortem brains of suicide victims show reduced BDNF expression in hippocampal and cortical brain regions (21), and this corresponds to neuroimaging findings of decreased volumes of hippocampus and PFC in adults with a history of childhood maltreatment, MDD, or PTSD (4).”
Background
Childhood maltreatment, the corticotropin‐releasing hormone receptor gene and adult depression in the general population
Grabe, H. J., Schwahn, C., Appel, K., Mahler, J., Schulz, A., Spitzer, C., Fenske, K., Barnow, S., Lucht, M. J., Freyberger, H. J., et al. (2010) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.31131 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Interactive effects of CRHR1, 5-HTTLPR, and child maltreatment on diurnal cortisol regulation and internalizing symptomatology
Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F., & Oshri, A. (2011) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579411000599 · Cited by 111 · cited 1× · see citing works
“For example, the gene for the type I CRH receptor (CRHR1) interacts with childhood maltreatment to increase risk of depressive symptoms or diagnoses (44–46), as well as abnormal diurnal or provoked cortisol concentrations in children and adults (47, 48).”
Background
Decreased default network connectivity is associated with early life stress in medication-free healthy adults
Philip, N. S., Sweet, L. H., Tyrka, A. R., Price, L. H., Bloom, R. F., & Carpenter, L. L. (2012) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2012.10.008 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Self-citation
Behavioral immunization: immunity to self-antigens contributes to psychological stress resilience
Lewitus, G. M., & Schwartz, M. (2008) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2008.103 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
The use of mifepristone in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders
DeBattista, C., & Belanoff, J. K. (2006) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2006.02.006 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Impact of Physical and Sexual Abuse on Treatment Response in the Treatment of Resistant Depression in Adolescent Study (TORDIA)
Shamseddeen, W. A., Asarnow, J. R., Clarke, G. N., Vitiello, B., Wagner, K. D., Birmaher, B. B., Keller, M. B., Emslie, G. J., Iyengar, S., Ryan, N. D., et al. (2011) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2010.11.019 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Gene–Environment Interaction in Major Depression and Antidepressant Treatment Response
Keers, R., & Uher, R. (2012) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-011-0251-x · Cited by 94 · cited 3× · see citing works
“FKBP5, a gene that regulates sensitivity of the glucocorticoid receptor, has been shown to interact with childhood maltreatment to predict PTSD and depression (49).”
BackgroundResultInfluential
Lifetime History of Sexual Abuse, Clinical Presentation, and Outcome in a Clinical Trial for Adolescent Depression
Barbe, R., Bridge, J. A., Birmaher, B. B., Kolko, D. J., & Brent, D. A. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v65n0113 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
The Serotonin Transporter Promoter Variant (5-HTTLPR), Stress, and Depression Meta-analysis Revisited: Evidence of Genetic Moderation
Karg, K., Burmeister, M., Shedden, K., & Sen, S. (2011) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.189 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Elevated ratio of arachidonic acid to long-chain omega-3 fatty acids predicts depression development following interferon-alpha treatment: Relationship with interleukin-6
Lotrich, F. E., Sears, B., & McNamara, R. K. (2012) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2012.08.007 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Interaction between serotonin transporter gene variants and life events predicts response to antidepressants in the GENDEP project
Keers, R., Uher, R., Huezo-Diaz, P., Smith, R. G., Jaffee, S. R., Rietschel, M., Henigsberg, N., Kozel, D., Mors, O. N., Maier, W., et al. (2010) · The Pharmacogenomics Journal · doi:10.1038/tpj.2010.14 · Cited by 86 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Several studies have now shown that this allele interacts with early-life stress to increase risk of depression in children and adults (44, 50).”
Background
Perceived early-life maternal care and the cortisol response to repeated psychosocial stress
Engert, V. (2010) · Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience · doi:10.1503/jpn.100022 · Cited by 86 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Methodological differences between studies of adults and children may account for divergent findings regarding IQ (discussed below), or some deficits may resolve over time, perhaps in response to environmental enrichment (27, 37).”
Background
Systemic mifepristone blocks reconsolidation of cue-conditioned fear; Propranolol prevents this effect.
Pitman, R. K., Milad, M. R., Igoe, S. A., Vangel, M. G., Orr, S. P., Tsareva, A., Gamache, K., & Nader, K. (2011) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/a0024364 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
The Vasopressin V1bReceptor Antagonist SSR149415 in the Treatment of Major Depressive and Generalized Anxiety Disorders: Results From 4 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Studies
Griebel, G., Beeské, S., & Stahl, S. M. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.12m07804 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Long-term neuroendocrine effects of childhood maltreatment
Sjöberg, R. L. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.284.18.2317 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Efficacy and Safety of Mifepristone for the Treatment of Psychotic Depression
Blasey, C. M., Block, T. S., Belanoff, J. K., & Roe, R. L. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0b013e3182239191 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Trauma systems therapy: 15-month outcomes and the importance of effecting environmental change.
Ellis, B. H., Fogler, J., Hansen, S., Forbes, P., Navalta, C. P., & Saxe, G. (2012) · Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy · doi:10.1037/a0025192 · Cited by 64 · cited 1× · see citing works
“A recent uncontrolled study found improvements over 15 months of treatment (74), but controlled studies have yet to be conducted.”
Background
ACRHR1haplotype moderates the effect of adverse childhood experiences on lifetime risk of major depressive episode in African‐American women
Kranzler, H. R., Feinn, R., Nelson, E. C., Covault, J., Anton, R. F., Farrer, L. A., & Gelernter, J. E. (2011) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.31243 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Long‐term effect of combined interpersonal psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy in a randomized trial of depressed patients
Zobel, I., Kech, S., van Calker, D., Dykierek, P., Berger, T., Schneibel, R., & Schramm, E. (2011) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01671.x · Cited by 55 · cited 1× · see citing works
“A study of inpatients with major depression found that for those with a history of childhood maltreatment, the combination of interpersonal therapy and antidepressants was significantly more effective than antidepressants without psychotherapy (76).”
Background
Glucocorticoid inhibition in the treatment of depression: can we think outside the endocrine hypothalamus?
Kling, M. A., Coleman‐Cowger, V. H., & Schulkin, J. A. (2009) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20546 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Angst and the amygdala
Schulkin, J. (2006) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2006.8.4/jschulkin · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Childhood trauma and platelet brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) after a three month follow-up in patients with major depressive disorder
Jeon, H. J., Kang, E., Lee, E. H., Jeong, E.-G., Jeon, J.-R., Mischoulon, D., & Lee, D. (2012) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.04.006 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Altered Response to Neuroendocrine Challenge Linked to Indices of the Metabolic Syndrome in Healthy Adults
Tyrka, A., Walters, O., Price, L. H., Anderson, G., & Carpenter, L. L. (2012) · Hormone and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1055/s-0032-1306342 · Cited by 25 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The metabolic syndrome has been associated with HPA axis dysregulation, and our group recently found that indices of the metabolic syndrome were linked to blunted cortisol responses to the dexamethasone (Dex)/CRH test, consistent with the allostatic load hypothesis (62).”
ResultSelf-citation

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

Childhood maltreatment and inflammatory markers: a systematic review.
Coelho, R., Viola, T. W., Walss‐Bass, C., Brietzke, E., & Grassi‐Oliveira, R. (2014) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12217 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
“Adults who experienced abuse or neglect as children appear to have alterations in hypothalamic– pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis functioning (9).”
Traumatic Childhood Events and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Kerns, C. M., Newschaffer, C. J., & Berkowitz, S. J. (2015) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-015-2392-y · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Psychotropic effects of Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 in early life-stressed and naïve adult mice
Liu, Y.-W., Liu, W., Wu, C.-C., Juan, Y.-C., Wu, Y.-C., Tsai, H.-P., Wang, S. Z., & Tsai, Y.-C. (2015) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2015.11.018 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
“Furthermore, ELS is a well-known risk factor for psychopathology, including major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders (Green et al., 2010; McCrory et al., 2010; Tyrka et al., 2013).”
Neurobiological development in the context of childhood trauma.
Cross, D., Fani, N., Powers, A. D., & Bradley, B. (2017) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/cpsp.12198 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Developmental psychoneuroendocrine and psychoneuroimmune pathways from childhood adversity to disease
Kuhlman, K. R., Chiang, J. J., Horn, S., & Bower, J. E. (2017) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.05.020 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
“Yet, in the past decade we have developed a much stronger appreciation for the role childhood environments and experiences in the epigenetic regulation of many components of physiological stress response systems (Anacker et al., 2014; Tyrka et al., 2013).”
The effects of early life stress on reward processing
Novick, A. M., Levandowski, M. L., Laumann, L. E., Philip, N. S., Price, L. H., & Tyrka, A. R. (2018) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.02.002 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
“, 2006; Pechtel and Pizzagalli, 2013) From a neurobiological perspective, perhaps one of the most well-known effects of ELS is alteration of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis (for reviews, see McCrory et al., 2010; Strüber et al., 2014; Tyrka et al., 2013).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Addressing Early Childhood Emotional and Behavioral Problems
Gleason, M. M., Goldson, E., Yogman, M. W., PEDIATRICS, S. O. D. A. B., Lieser, D. J., DelConte, B. A., Donoghue, E. A., Earls, M. F., Glassy, D. S., McFadden, T., et al. (2016) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2016-3025 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Neuroinflammation in suicide: Toward a comprehensive model
Courtet, P., Giner, L., Seneque, M., Guillaume, S., Olie, E., & Ducasse, D. (2016) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/15622975.2015.1054879 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
“…(Berman et al. 2000; Kudoh et al. 2002; Price et al. 2009; DiazGranados et al. 2010; Larkin and Beautrais 2011; Thakurta et al. 2012; Zarate et al. 2012; Adults who experienced childhood trauma exhibit HPA axis dysregulation leading to a systemic proinfl ammatory state (Tyrka et al. 2013).”
Background
Distinct intrinsic network connectivity patterns of post‐traumatic stress disorder symptom clusters
Tursich, M., Ros, T., Frewen, P. A., Kluetsch, R. C., Calhoun, V. D., & Lanius, R. A. (2015) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12387 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
“Subsequently, for this study, we used the ICA mask from our previous studies (40, 47) that had corresponded most closely with the previously described Table 1.”
BackgroundMethod
Child Maltreatment and Long-Term Physical and Mental Health Outcomes: An Exploration of Biopsychosocial Determinants and Implications for Prevention
Mehta, D., Kelly, A. B., Laurens, K. R., Haslam, D. M., Williams, K. E., Walsh, K., Baker, P., Carter, H. E., Khawaja, N. G., Zelenko, O., et al. (2021) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-021-01258-8 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Childhood adversities and depression in adulthood: Current findings and future directions.
Liu, R. T. (2017) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/cpsp.12190 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Adversity exposure during sensitive periods predicts accelerated epigenetic aging in children
Marini, S., Davis, K. A., Soare, T. W., Zhu, Y., Suderman, M. J., Simpkin, A. J., Smith, A. D. A. C., Wolf, E. J., Relton, C. L., & Dunn, E. C. (2019) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104484 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Methylation of the leukocyte glucocorticoid receptor gene promoter in adults: associations with early adversity and depressive, anxiety and substance-use disorders
Tyrka, A. R., Parade, S. H., Welch, E. S., Ridout, K. K., Price, L. H., Marsit, C., Philip, N. S., & Carpenter, L. L. (2016) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2016.112 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Self-citation
Modelling resilience in adolescence and adversity: a novel framework to inform research and practice
Malhi, G. S., Das, P., Bell, E., Mattingly, G. W., & Mannie, Z. N. (2019) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-019-0651-y · Cited by 144 · see citing works
The lasting impact of early‐life adversity on individuals and their descendants: potential mechanisms and hope for intervention
Cowan, C. S. M., Callaghan, B. L., Kan, J. M., & Richardson, R. (2015) · Genes Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1111/gbb.12263 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
“…(e.g. reductions in hippocampal volume) and functionally [e.g. alterations in neuroendocrine hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA)-axis activity, neurotransmitter levels and cellular signaling; for reviews, see Gunnar & Quevedo 2007; Maccari et al. 2014; Marco et al. 2011; Tyrka et al. 2013].”
Background
Childhood adversity and epigenetic regulation of glucocorticoid signaling genes: Associations in children and adults
Tyrka, A. R., Ridout, K. K., & Parade, S. H. (2016) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579416000870 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Self-citation
Childhood maltreatment and methylation of FK506 binding protein 5 gene (FKBP5)
Tyrka, A. R., Ridout, K. K., Parade, S. H., Paquette, A., Marsit, C. J., & Seifer, R. (2015) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579415000991 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
“(Morris, Compas, & Garber, 2012; Tyrka et al., 2013) and increased sensitivity of the GR has been shown in some studies”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citation
Depression: Biological markers and treatment
Erjavec, G. N., Šagud, M., Perković, M. N., Štrac, D. Š., Konjevod, M., Tudor, L., Uzun, S., & Pivac, N. (2020) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110139 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Methylation of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene Promoter in Preschoolers: Links With Internalizing Behavior Problems
Parade, S. H., Ridout, K. K., Seifer, R., Armstrong, D. A., Marsit, C. J., McWilliams, M. A., & Tyrka, A. R. (2016) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.12484 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
“The HPA axis regulates the neuroendocrine response to stress and has been implicated as an important component in the development of psychopathology in studies of both animals and humans (Tyrka et al., 2013; Buitelaar 2013).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Models of stress in nonhuman primates and their relevance for human psychopathology and endocrine dysfunction
Meyer, J. S., & Hamel, A. F. (2014) · ILAR Journal · doi:10.1093/ilar/ilu023 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Allostatic load and comorbidities: A mitochondrial, epigenetic, and evolutionary perspective
Juster, R., Russell, J. J., Almeida, D., & Picard, M. (2016) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579416000730 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Association between traumatic stress load, psychopathology, and cognition in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort
Barzilay, R., Calkins, M. E., Moore, T. M., Wolf, D. H., Satterthwaite, T. D., Scott, J. C., Jones, J. D., Benton, T. D., Gur, R. C., & Gur, R. E. (2018) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291718000880 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Altered corticolimbic connectivity reveals sex-specific adolescent outcomes in a rat model of early life adversity
Honeycutt, J. A., Demaestri, C., Peterzell, S., Silveri, M. M., Cai, X., Kulkarni, P. P., Cunningham, M. G., Ferris, C. F., & Brenhouse, H. C. (2020) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.52651 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Heightened risk of posttraumatic stress disorder in adults with autism spectrum disorder: The role of cumulative trauma and memory deficits
Rumball, F., Brook, L., Happe, F. G. E., & Karl, A. (2021) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103848 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Maternal Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Is Associated With Sexually Dimorphic Alterations in Amygdala Volume in 4-Year-Old Children
Acosta, H., Tuulari, J. J., Scheinin, N. M., Hashempour, N., Rajasilta, O., Lavonius, T. I., Pelto, J., Saunavaara, V., Parkkola, R., Lähdesmäki, T., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00175 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Biological alterations affecting risk of adult psychopathology following childhood trauma: a review of sex differences
Tiwari, A., & Gonzalez, A. (2018) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2018.01.006 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Dynamic stress-related epigenetic regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene promoter during early development: The role of child maltreatment
Parent, J., Parade, S. H., Laumann, L. E., Ridout, K. K., Yang, B.-Z., Marsit, C. J., Seifer, R., & Tyrka, A. R. (2017) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579417001298 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citation
Predictors of student resilience in higher education
Robbins, A. L., Kaye, E., & Catling, J. C. (2018) · Psychology Teaching Review · doi:10.53841/bpsptr.2018.24.1.44 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Attachment in Schizophrenia--Implications for Research, Prevention, and Treatment
Harder, S. K. (2014) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbu133 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Childhood trauma and functional disability in psychosis, bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder: a review of the literature
Cotter, J., Kaess, M., & Yung, A. R. (2014) · Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/ipm.2014.74 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
“Childhood trauma can have a number of detrimental effects on the developing brain (Read et al. 2001; Neigh et al. 2009; Tyrka et al. 2013).”
Background
Exposure to childhood trauma is associated with altered n-back activation and performance in healthy adults: implications for a commonly used working memory task
Philip, N. S., Sweet, L. H., Tyrka, A. R., Carpenter, S. L., Albright, S. E., Price, L. H., & Carpenter, L. L. (2015) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-015-9373-9 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
“ELS is associated with decreased memory, attention, working memory, and inhibitory control and lower academic performance (for extensive reviews, see (Teicher and Samson 2013; Hart and Rubia 2012; Pechtel and Pizzagalli 2011; Tyrka et al. 2013).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Early adversity, neural development, and inflammation
Chiang, J. J., Taylor, S. E., & Bower, J. E. (2015) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.21329 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Methylation of exons 1D, 1F, and 1Hof the glucocorticoid receptor gene promoter and exposure to adversity in preschool-aged children
Tyrka, A. R., Parade, S. H., Eslinger, N. M., Marsit, C. J., Lesseur, C., Armstrong, D. A., Philip, N. S., Josefson, B., & Seifer, R. (2015) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579415000176 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citation
Childhood maltreatment disrupts HPA-axis activity under basal and stress conditions in a dose–response relationship in children and adolescents
Marqués-Feixa, L., Palma‐Gudiel, H., Romero, S., Moya, J., Rapado‐Castro, M., Castro-Quintas, Á., Zorrilla, E. P., Muñoz, M. J., Ramírez, M., Mayoral, M., et al. (2021) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329172100249x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“Moreover, since dysfunction in neurobiological systems negatively impacts treatment outcomes, youth with CM may also require specific treatment adapted to their condition (Tyrka, Burgers, Philip, Price, & Carpenter, 2013).”
Childhood Trauma Is Associated With Poorer Cognitive Performance in Older Adults
Petkus, A. J., Lenze, E. J., Butters, M. A., Twamley, E. W., & Wetherell, J. L. (2017) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.16m11021 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Childhood neglect predicts disorganization in schizophrenia through grey matter decrease in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Cancel, A., Comte, M., Truillet, R., Boukezzi, S. C., Rousseau, P., Zendjidjian, X. Y., Sage, T., Lazerges, P., Guedj, É., Khalfa, S., et al. (2015) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12455 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“In fact, it could be argued that childhood trauma could predispose to almost all adolescent and adult psychiatric disorders (97).”
Background
Adverse childhood experiences and leukocyte telomere maintenance in depressed and healthy adults
Chen, S. H., Epel, E. S., Mellon, S. H., Lin, J., Reus, V. I., Rosser, R., Kupferman, E., Burke, H., Mahan, L., Blackburn, E. H., et al. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.07.035 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
“…may become “biologically embedded” throughout the lifespan (Shalev et al., 2013; Shalev, 2012), including excessive oxidative stress and inflammation (Tyrka et al., 2013; Fagundes, Glaser, & Kiecolt-Glaser, 2013; Danese & McEwen, 2012) and dysfunction of the HPA and noradrenergic stress response…”
Background
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Building Resilience With the JoyPop App: Evaluation Study
MacIsaac, A., Mushquash, A. R., Mohammed, S., Grassia, E., Smith, S., & Wekerle, C. (2020) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/25087 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“Investigating the relationship between sex, adversity, and intervention response is important because there may be several potential sex differences, including rates of childhood adversity [81], neuroendocrine and brain responses to stress and trauma [82,83], susceptibility to certain psychological responses to advers…”
BackgroundResult
Associations between early life parent-child separation and shortened telomere length and psychopathological outcomes during adolescence
Chen, X., Zeng, C., Gong, C., Zhang, L., Wan, Y., Tao, F., & Sun, Y. (2019) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.01.021 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Adverse childhood experiences and clinical severity in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: A transdiagnostic two-step cluster analysis
Carbone, E. A., Pugliese, V., Bruni, A., Aloi, M., Calabrò, G., Jaén‐Moreno, M. J., Segura‐Garcìa, C., & Fazio, P. D. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.049 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Intrinsic brain abnormalities in young healthy adults with childhood trauma: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study of regional homogeneity and functional connectivity
Lu, S., Gao, W., Wei, Z., Wang, D., Hu, S., Huang, M., Xu, Y., & Li, L. (2016) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867416671415 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“Of note, a relationship between childhood trauma and cognitive impairments, including decreased memory, has been well documented outside of the neuroimaging literature (Tyrka et al., 2013).”
Background
Childhood trauma, the stress response and metabolic syndrome: A focus on DNA methylation
Womersley, J. S., Nöthling, J., Toikumo, S., Malan‐Müller, S., van den Heuvel, L. L., McGregor, N. W., Seedat, S., & Hemmings, S. M. J. (2021) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.15370 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
“Long-term activation of the HPA axis may result in dysregulated cortisol secretion, which can have long-lasting effects on HPA axis basal activity and responsivity to episodic challenges (Agorastos et al., 2019; Russell & Lightman, 2019; Tyrka et al., 2013).”
Background
Genetic Moderation of Stress Effects on Corticolimbic Circuitry
Bogdan, R., Pagliaccio, D., Baranger, D. A. A., & Hariri, A. R. (2015) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2015.216 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
“Similar associations (ie, elevated ACTH and cortisol and reduced GR expression in the hippocampus) have been found in non-human primates and humans exposed to adversity in early life suggesting that these effects are conserved across species (Miller et al, 2007; Tyrka et al, 2013).”
Background
Child Maltreatment in DSM ‐5 and ICD ‐11
Slep, A. M. S., Heyman, R. E., & Foran, H. M. (2015) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/famp.12131 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Adversity in preschool-aged children: Effects on salivary interleukin-1β
Tyrka, A. R., Parade, S. H., Valentine, T. R., Eslinger, N. M., & Seifer, R. (2015) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579415000164 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citation
Childhood maltreatment and stress-related psychopathology: the epigenetic memory hypothesis
Lutz, P.-E., Almeida, D., Fiori, L., & Turecki, G. (2015) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612821666150105124928 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Project and Studies of Risk and Resilience in Maltreated Children
Kaufman, J., Gelernter, J. E., Hudziak, J. J., Tyrka, A. R., & Coplan, J. D. (2015) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2015.06.001 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citation
The left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex volume is reduced in adults reporting childhood trauma independent of depression diagnosis
Lu, S., Xu, R., Cao, J., Yin, Y., Gao, W., Wang, D., Wei, Z., Hu, S., Huang, M., Li, L., et al. (2019) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.02.014 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Structural differences in eating disorder psychopathology after history of childhood abuse: Insights from a Bayesian network analysis.
Rodgers, R. F., DuBois, R. H., Thiebaut, S., Jaussent, I., Maı̈moun, L., Sénèque, M., Lefebvre, P., Renard, É., Courtet, P., & Guillaume, S. (2019) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000470 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Childhood trauma and psychological sub-health among Chinese adolescents: the mediating effect of Internet addiction
Yang, M., Sheng, X., Ge, M., Zhang, L., Huang, C., Cui, S., Yuan, Q., Ye, M., Zhou, R., Cao, P., et al. (2022) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-022-04384-2 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“Many previous studies have suggested that gene expression, abnormal epigenetic changes, abnormal brain structure and function, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction may be the essential biological basis for the relationship between childhood trauma and physical and PH problems in later life [60, 61…”
Background
A naturalistic, multi-site study of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy for depression
Taylor, S., Bhati, M. T., Dubin, M., Hawkins, J. M., Lisanby, S., Morales, O. G., Reti, I., Sampson, S. M., Short, E., Spino, C., et al. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.049 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Early life stress impacts dorsolateral prefrontal cortex functional connectivity in healthy adults: Informing future studies of antidepressant treatments
Philip, N. S., Valentine, T. R., Sweet, L. H., Tyrka, A. R., Price, L. H., & Carpenter, L. L. (2014) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.01.014 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“Such exposure is generally associated with poor outcomes, including increased resistance to pharmacologic treatment (Heim et al., 2010; Tyrka et al., 2013).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Childhood adversity moderates the influence of proximal episodic stress on the cortisol awakening response and depressive symptoms in adolescents
Starr, L. R., Dienes, K., Stroud, C. B., Shaw, Z. A., Li, Y. I., Mlawer, F., & Huang, M. (2017) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579417001468 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Social aggravation: Understanding the complex role of social relationships on stress and health-relevant physiology
Birmingham, W. C., & Holt‐Lunstad, J. (2018) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.03.023 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Childhood assaultive trauma and physical aggression: Links with cortical thickness in prefrontal and occipital cortices
Bounoua, N., Miglin, R., Spielberg, J. M., & Sadeh, N. (2020) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102321 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Comprehension of affective prosody in women with post-traumatic stress disorder related to childhood abuse
Nazarov, A., Frewen, P., Oremus, C., Schellenberg, E. G., McKinnon, M. C., & Lanius, R. (2015) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12364 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Resilience and cognitive biases mediate the relationship between early exposure to traumatic life events and depressive symptoms in young adults
Mętel, D., Arciszewska, A., Daren, A., Frydecka, D., Cechnicki, A., & Gawęda, Ł. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.05.008 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Understanding the role of childhood abuse and neglect as a cause and consequence of substance abuse: the German CANSAS network
Schäfer, I., Pawils, S., Drießen, M., Härter, M. C., Hillemacher, T., Klein, M., Muehlhan, M., Ravens‐Sieberer, U., Schäfer, M., Scherbaum, N., et al. (2017) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2017.1304114 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
The Neuroscience of Suicidal Behavior
van Heeringen, K. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316563205 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Neural Effects of the Social Environment
A, L. K. M., Hooker, C. I., & Aleman, A. (2014) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbt233 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Prenatal maternal depressive symptoms are associated with smaller amygdalar volumes of four-year-old children
H, A., JJ, T., NM, S., N, H., O, R., TI, L., J, P., V, S., R, P., T, L., et al. (2020) · Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111153 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Longitudinal Associations Between Childhood Sexual Abuse, Silencing the Self, and Sexual Self-Efficacy in Adolescents
Vaillancourt‐Morel, M., Bergeron, S., Blais, M., & Hébert, M. (2019) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01494-z · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Experiences of maltreatment in childhood and attention to facial emotions in healthy young women
Hoepfel, D., Günther, V., Bujanow, A., Kersting, A., Bodenschatz, C. M., & Suslow, T. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-08290-1 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
High early life stress and aberrant amygdala activity: risk factors for elevated neuropsychiatric symptoms in HIV+ adults
Clark, U. S., Sweet, L. H., Morgello, S., Philip, N. S., & Cohen, R. A. (2016) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-016-9542-5 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“Third, our data suggest that ELS-related mechanisms (e.g., Carpenter et al. 2010, 2011; Irwin and Cole 2011; Johnson et al. 2013; Taylor 2010; Tyrka et al. 2013) might provide valuable targets for intervention when developing therapeutic strategies for neuropsychiatric disorders in HIV+ adults with high ELS.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citation
Childhood trauma and general cognitive ability: Roles of minimization/denial and gender
Mert, D. G., Kelleci, M., Yildiz, E., Mizrak, A., & Kuğu, N. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.02.025 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Inobhutnahme und Bindung
Ziegenhain, U., Fegert, J. M., Petermann, F., Schneider-Haßloff, H., & Künster, A. K. (2014) · Kindheit und Entwicklung · doi:10.1026/0942-5403/a000151 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Gewalt gegen Kinder
Ziegenhain, U., Künster, A. K., & Besier, T. (2015) · Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz · doi:10.1007/s00103-015-2271-x · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Conceptual ECCE Happiness Framework for Preschools: To Introduce Importance of Happiness to Promote Social and Emotional Competence in Preschool Children
Kaur, J., & Sharma, A. (2021) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440211031873 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“However, not all children experience happiness throughout their development due to increased emotional distress, abuse, neglect, violence, and instability in the current scenario (Luking et al., 2011; Sandstrom & Huerta, 2013; Tyrka et al., 2013).”
Background
Establishing Early Foundations to Promote Emotional Competence in Preschool Children
Kaur, J., & Sharma, A. (2021) · Journal of Applied Social Science · doi:10.1177/19367244211054381 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“However, not all children would experience emotional stability and happiness throughout their period of development due to increased emotional distress, abuse, neglect, violence, and instability in the current scenario (Luking et al. 2011; Sandstrom and Huerta 2013; Tyrka et al. 2013).”
Background
The impact of malnutrition on intelligence at 3 and 11 years of age: The mediating role of temperament.
Venables, P. H., & Raine, A. (2015) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/dev0000046 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
The childhood maltreatment influences on breast cancer patients: A second wave hit model hypothesis for distinct biological and behavioral response
Bandinelli, L. P., Levandowski, M. L., & Grassi‐Oliveira, R. (2017) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2017.08.007 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“The size of the telomeres is influenced by stress and by inflammatory factors, and some studies have already shown that severe chronic diseases involve stressful and inflammatory states that can contribute to the association of the telomeres’ size and physical diseases [38], such as cancer.”
Background
Suicide Attempts among Those with Migraine: Findings from a Nationally Representative Canadian Study
Fuller‐Thomson, E., & Hodgins, G. A. (2019) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811118.2019.1578710 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Childhood abuse in the etiological continuum underlying psychosis from first-episode psychosis to psychotic experiences
Alemany, S., Ayesa‐Arriola, R., Arias, B., Fatjó‐Vilas, M., Ibáñez, M. I., Ortet, G., Crespo‐Facorro, B., & Fañanás, L. (2014) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.08.005 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“This dysregulation would, in turn, result in increased dopamine release in mesolimbic brain areas, which has been frequently related to the expression of psychotic symptoms [39,42].”
Background
Mind the Fathers: Associations of Parental Childhood Adversities With Borderline Personality Disorder Pathology in Female Adolescents
Reichl, C., Brunner, R. M., Fuchs, A., Holz, B., Parzer, P., Fischer-Waldschmidt, G., Resch, F., & Kaess, M. (2017) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2017_31_289 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
A history of early life parental loss or separation is associated with successful cognitive-behavioral therapy in major depressive disorder
Niciu, M. J., Abdallah, C. G., Fenton, L. R., Fasula, M. K., Black, A. C., Anderson, G. M., & Sanacora, G. (2015) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.08.026 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis abnormalities have been identified in subjects with a history of early life stress but with some equivocal results (Tyrka et al., 2013).”
IL-6 and IL-10 levels in the umbilical cord blood of newborns with a history of crack/cocaine exposure in utero: a comparative study
Mardini, V., Rohde, L. A., Ceresér, K. M. M., Gubert, C., da Silva, E. G., Xavier, F., Parcianello, R. R., Röhsig, L. M., Pechansky, F., Pianca, T. G., et al. (2016) · Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy · doi:10.1590/2237-6089-2015-0081 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Childhood maltreatment and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders share similar pathophysiology: a potential sensitisation mechanism?
Womersley, J. S., Seedat, S., & Hemmings, S. M. J. (2017) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-017-0062-9 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“The rate of telomere shortening is particularly rapid during childhood, which may mean that programming of the regulation of telomere length may be particularly affected by childhood maltreatment (Tyrka et al. 2013).”
BackgroundInfluential
Sex-Specific Association Between High Traumatic Stress Exposure and Social Cognitive Functioning in Youths
Barzilay, R., White, L. K., Calkins, M. E., Moore, T. M., Young, J. F., Wolf, D. H., Satterthwaite, T. D., Gur, R. C., & Gur, R. E. (2018) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.06.002 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Childhood trauma determines different clinical and biological manifestations in patients with eating disorders
Rodríguez-Quiroga, A., MacDowell, K. S., Leza, J. C., Carrasco, J. L., & Díaz‐Marsá, M. (2020) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/s40519-020-00922-7 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Building resilience through daily smartphone app use: results of a pilot study of the JoyPop app with social work students
Maurer, K., Kimyaci, M., Konyk, K., & Wekerle, C. (2023) · Frontiers Digit. Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2023.1265120 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“…base of the mechanisms and processes of environmentally adaptive change via repetition [e.g., (15, 16, 45)] to speci ﬁ c conditions, for example during the critical adolescent affect regulation developmental window [e.g., (56 – 59)], or following exposure to childhood adversity [e.g., (22)].”
Background
How to Support Parents of Infants and Young Children in Mental Health Care: A Narrative Review
Stolper, H., van Doesum, K. T. M., & Steketee, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.745800 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Fight the Fire: Association of Cytokine Genomic Markers and Suicidal Behavior May Pave the Way for Future Therapies
Gonda, X., Serafini, G., & Döme, P. (2023) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm13071078 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Importantly, not only acute or current psychosocial stress may lead to HPA dysfunction, but early childhood traumatic events may even cause long-term dysregulation and chronic proinflammatory states [107], including altered proinflammatory cytokine and CRP levels [108], and immune dysregulation has been shown to be as…”
Background
Major depressive disorder with childhood trauma:Clinical characteristics, biological mechanism, and therapeutic implications.
Guo, W., Liu, J., & Li, L. (2020) · PubMed · doi:10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2020.190699 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Cognitive impact of early separation from migrant parents: A spectrum of risk and key mechanisms in child development contexts. A commentary on Hou et al., (2020)
Zhao, C., & EGGER, H. L. (2020) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113427 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Résiliences
Ionescu, Ș. (2016) · Odile Jacob eBooks · doi:10.3917/oj.iones.2016.01.0031 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Once and Again
Unternäehrer, E., Cost, K. T., Jonas, W., Dhir, S. K., Bouvette–Turcot, A., Gaudreau, H., Dass, S. A. H., Lydon, J. E., Steiner, M. S., Szatmári, P., et al. (2019) · Human Nature · doi:10.1007/s12110-019-09355-3 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“This pathway indicates that childhood maltreatment could program psychoneuroendocrine systems, which may put an individual at a higher risk for impaired mental well-being, independent of being a mother (Carr et al. 2013; Kessler et al. 1997; Kim et al. 2010; McLaughlin et al. 2010; Tyrka et al. 2013).”
Background
Translational Neuroscience as a Tool for Intervention Development in the Context of High-Adversity Families
Fisher, P. A. (2016) · New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development · doi:10.1002/cad.20165 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Post-intervention neuroimaging effects of psychosocial interventions aimed at promoting resilience in children and adolescents under psychological stress: A systematic review
Jawahar, N., Jawahar, B., Sayal, K. S., & Auer, D. P. (2025) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106196 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“The association between adversity and poor mental health outcomes is thought to be mediated by deleterious neurobiological effects of adversity on the developing brain (Tyrka et al., 2013; Mclaughlin et al., 2021).”
Cocaine-use disorder and childhood maltreatment are associated with the activation of neutrophils and increased inflammation
Funchal, G. A., Schuch, J. B., Zaparte, A., Sanvicente‐Vieira, B., Viola, T. W., Grassi‐Oliveira, R., & Bauer, M. E. (2023) · Acta Neuropsychiatrica · doi:10.1017/neu.2023.11 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Therefore, CUD and childhood trauma may have synergistic immunological effects by promoting inflammation and impairing cellular immunity to viral infections (Roth et al ., 2002; Slopen et al ., 2012; Tyrka et al ., 2013).”
Background
Historical Perspective of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease in Humans
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Authors: Tyrka, A. R., Burgers, D. E., Philip, N. S., Price, L. H., & Carpenter, L. L.
Affiliations: Brown University (US)
Butler Hospital (US)
Corresponding author: Tyrka, A. R.
ORCID: Tyrka, A. R.
Burgers, D. E.
Philip, N. S.
Price, L. H.
Carpenter, L. L.
Venue: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2013-05-10
Volume: 128
Issue: 6
Pages: 434-447
ISSN: 0001-690X (ISSN-L)
1600-0447
DOI: 10.1111/acps.12143
PMC: PMC4467688
OpenAlex: W2139327589
Cited by: 142
References: 107
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 1
FWCI: 2.21
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: AstraZeneca
H. Lundbeck A/S
National Institutes of Health
Health Resources and Services Administration
National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH083704, R01MH068767, R21MH091508)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Keywords: childhood adversity, early life stress, neurobiological correlates, neuroendocrine system, neurotrophic factors, neuroimaging, cognitive effects, epigenetics, genetic factors, treatment outcomes, psychopathology, animal models
MeSH terms: Animals, Child, Child Abuse, Humans, Life Change Events, Stress, Psychological

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The neurobiological correlates of childhood adversity and implications for treatment

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