Cited by 1,010Microplastics and Plastic PollutionPharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental ImpactsWaste Management and Recycling

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Microplastics profile along the Rhine River

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Mani, Thomas, Hauk, Armin, Walter, Ulrich, Burkhardt-Holm, Patricia·2015·Scientific Reports

DOI 10.1038/srep17988PMC PMC4672315

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Abstract

Microplastics result from fragmentation of plastic debris or are released to the environment as pre-production pellets or components of consumer and industrial products. In the oceans, they contribute to the ‘great garbage patches’. They are ingested by many organisms, from protozoa to baleen whales and pose a threat to the aquatic fauna. Although as much as 80% of marine debris originates from land, little attention was given to the role of rivers as debris pathways to the sea. Worldwide, not a single great river has yet been studied for the surface microplastics load over its length. We report the abundance and composition of microplastics at the surface of the Rhine, one of the largest European rivers. Measurements were made at 11 locations over a stretch of 820 km. Microplastics were found in all samples, with 892,777 particles km −2 on average. In the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan area, a peak concentration of 3.9 million particles km −2 was measured. Microplastics concentrations were diverse along and across the river, reflecting various sources and sinks such as waste water treatment plants, tributaries and weirs. Measures should be implemented to avoid and reduce the pollution with anthropogenic litter in aquatic ecosystems.

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Authors: Mani, T., Hauk, A., Walter, U., & Burkhardt-Holm, P.
Affiliations: University of Basel (CH)
Intertek (Switzerland) (CH)
ORCID: Mani, Thomas
Hauk, Armin
Venue: Scientific Reports
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2015-12-08
Volume: 5
Issue: 1
Pages: 17988-17988
ISSN: 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1038/srep17988
PMC: PMC4672315
OpenAlex: W2428475944
Cited by: 1,010
References: 37
Citations by year: 2026: 64 · 2025: 86 · 2024: 109 · 2023: 116 · 2022: 141 · 2021: 122 · 2020: 159 · 2019: 81 · 2018: 73 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 17
FWCI: 26.90
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (vor)
Locations: Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
edoc (University of Basel) (acceptedVersion)
edoc (University of Basel)
Funders: Universität Basel
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Universität Wien
Bundesanstalt für Wasserbau
Rijkswaterstaat
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Waste Management and Recycling
Keywords: microplastics, Rhine River, riverine plastic pollution, microplastic abundance, microplastic composition, surface water contamination, wastewater treatment plants, tributaries, weirs, anthropogenic litter
MeSH terms: Environmental Monitoring, Geography, Humans, Plastics, Waste Products, Ecosystem, Rivers

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Microplastics profile along the Rhine River

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