Occurrence and Spatial Distribution of Microplastics in River Shore Sediments of the Rhine-Main Area in Germany
Abstract
Plastic debris is one of the most significant organic pollutants in the aquatic environment. Because of properties such as buoyancy and extreme durability, synthetic polymers are present in rivers, lakes, and oceans and accumulate in sediments all over the world. However, freshwater sediments have attracted less attention than the investigation of sediments in marine ecosystems. For this reason, river shore sediments of the rivers Rhine and Main in the Rhine-Main area in Germany were analyzed. The sample locations comprised shore sediment of a large European river (Rhine) and a river characterized by industrial influence (Main) in areas with varying population sizes as well as sites in proximity to nature reserves. All sediments analyzed contained microplastic particles (<5 mm) with mass fractions of up to 1 g kg⁻¹ or 4000 particles kg⁻¹. Analysis of the plastics by infrared spectroscopy showed a large abundance of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene, which covered more than 75% of all polymer types identified in the sediment. Short distance transport of plastic particles from the tributary to the main stream could be confirmed by the identification of pellets, which were separated from shore sediment samples of both rivers. This systematic study shows the emerging pollution of inland river sediments with microplastics and, as a consequence thereof, underlines the importance of rivers as vectors of transport of microplastics into the ocean.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Polystyrene particles ground to a broad, environmentally relevant range of sizes and shapes were treated as a reasonable proxy for assessing physical effects of environmental microplastics.
“Polystyrene, ground to a wide and environmentally relevant range of sizes and shapes, was considered as a fair approximation to assess the physical effects of “environmental microplastics”.7”
From Microplastic Effect Thresholds for Freshwater Benthic Macroinvertebrates (2018) · cites this paper as [7]
The Rhine river has the highest microplastic concentrations recorded among freshwater bodies studied, with up to 4000 particles per kg or 1 g per kg dry weight in German shore sediments, and the smallest fraction (63-630 μm) is most abundant by number.
“Recent data shows that the Rhine river contains the highest microplastic concentrations detected in all freshwater bodies studied. Concentrations up to 4000 particles kg–1 or 1 g kg–1 (dw) were recorded in the German Rhine river shore sediments, with the smallest microplastic fraction (63–630 μm) being the most abundant in numbers.7”
From Microplastic Effect Thresholds for Freshwater Benthic Macroinvertebrates (2018) · cites this paper as [7]
Field-measured microplastic concentrations in freshwater sediments are far below the calculated EC10 or EC50 effect thresholds for G. pulex.
“Field measured concentrations in freshwater sediments2−4,7,8 although often provisional due to methodological limitations, are far below the calculated EC10 or EC50 effect threshold values for G. pulex.”
From Microplastic Effect Thresholds for Freshwater Benthic Macroinvertebrates (2018) · cites this paper as [7]
Cites
Microplastics in the marine environment
Andrady, A. L. (2011) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.05.030 · Cited by 8,105 · see citing works
Lost at sea: where is all the plastic?
Thompson, R. C., Olsen, Y., Mitchell, R. P., Davis, A., Rowland, S. J., John, A. W. G., McGonigle, D., & Russell, A. E. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1094559 · Cited by 7,765 · see citing works
Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments
Barnes, D. K. A., Galgani, F., Thompson, R. C., & Barlaz, M. (2009) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0205 · Cited by 6,126 · see citing works
Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment: A review
Cole, M., Lindeque, P., Halsband, C., & Galloway, T. S. (2011) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.09.025 · Cited by 6,023 · see citing works
Hidalgo-Ruz, V., Gutow, L., Thompson, R. C., & Thiel, M. (2012) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es2031505 · Cited by 5,440 · see citing works
Accumulation of Microplastic on Shorelines Woldwide: Sources and Sinks
Browne, M. A., Crump, P., Niven, S. J., Teuten, E. L., Tonkin, A., Galloway, T. S., & Thompson, R. C. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es201811s · Cited by 4,838 · see citing works
Eriksen, M., Lebreton, L. C. M., Carson, H. S., Thiel, M., Moore, C. J., Borerro, J. C., Galgani, F., Ryan, P. G., & Reisser, J. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0111913 · Cited by 4,710 · see citing works
Lusher, A. L., McHugh, M., & Thompson, R. C. (2013) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.11.028 · Cited by 2,075 · see citing works
Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes
Eriksen, M., Mason, S., Wilson, S., Box, C., Zellers, A., Edwards, W., Farley, H., & Amato, S. (2013) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.10.007 · Cited by 1,857 · see citing works
Gregory, M. R. (2009) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0265 · Cited by 1,852 · see citing works
Classify plastic waste as hazardous
Rochman, C. M., Browne, M. A., Halpern, B. S., Hentschel, B. T., Hoh, E., Karapanagioti, H. K., Rios-Mendoza, L. M., Takada, H., Teh, S., & Thompson, R. C. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/494169a · Cited by 1,752 · see citing works
The present and future of microplastic pollution in the marine environment
do Sul, J. A. I., & da Costa, M. F. (2013) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.10.036 · Cited by 1,604 · see citing works
Contributing to marine pollution by washing your face: Microplastics in facial cleansers
Fendall, L. S., & Sewell, M. A. (2009) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.04.025 · Cited by 1,525 · see citing works
Occurrence and distribution of microplastics in marine sediments along the Belgian coast
Claessens, M., Meester, S. D., Landuyt, L. V., Clerck, K. D., & Janssen, C. (2011) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.06.030 · Cited by 1,437 · see citing works
Spatial patterns of plastic debris along estuarine shorelines
Browne, M. A., Galloway, T. S., & Thompson, R. C. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es903784e · Cited by 1,246 · see citing works
Vianello, A., Boldrin, A., Guerriero, P., Moschino, V., Rella, R., Sturaro, A., & Ros, L. D. (2013) · Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science · doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2013.03.022 · Cited by 1,072 · see citing works
Besseling, E., Wegner, A., Foekema, E. M., van den Heuvel-Greve, M. J., & Koelmans, A. A. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es302763x · Cited by 1,012 · see citing works
Rochman, C. M., Hoh, E., Hentschel, B. T., & Kaye, S. (2012) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es303700s · Cited by 975 · see citing works
Lechner, A., Keckeis, H., Loisl, F., Zens, B., Krusch, R., Tritthart, M., Glas, M., & Schludermann, E. (2014) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2014.02.006 · Cited by 946 · see citing works
Contamination of beach sediments of a subalpine lake with microplastic particles
Imhof, H. K., Ivleva, N. P., Schmid, J., Niessner, R., & Laforsch, C. (2013) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.001 · Cited by 699 · see citing works
Microplastics in Four Estuarine Rivers in the Chesapeake Bay, U.S.A.
Yonkos, L. T., Friedel, E. A., Perez-Reyes, A. C., Ghosal, S., & Arthur, C. (2014) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es5036317 · Cited by 673 · see citing works
Rivers as a source of marine litter – A study from the SE Pacific
Rech, S., Macaya-Caquilpán, V., Pantoja, J. F., Rivadeneira, M. M., Madariaga, D. J., & Thiel, M. (2014) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.03.019 · Cited by 475 · see citing works
Sediment transport and bed morphology at river channel confluences
Best, J. (1988) · Sedimentology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-3091.1988.tb00999.x · Cited by 470 · see citing works
Plastic particles in coastal pelagic ecosystems of the Northeast Pacific ocean.
Doyle, M., Watson, W., Bowlin, N., & Sheavly, S. (2011) · Marine Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2010.10.001 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
Plastic marine debris on the Portuguese coastline: A matter of size?
Martins, J., & Sobral, P. (2011) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.09.028 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Environmental biodegradation of synthetic polymers II. Biodegradation of different polymer groups
Eubeler, J. P., Bernhard, M., & Knepper, T. P. (2010) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2009.09.005 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Self-citationDesorption kinetics of hydrophobic organic contaminants from marine plastic pellets
Endo, S., Yuyama, M., & Takada, H. (2013) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.07.018 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Horton, A. A., Walton, A., Spurgeon, D. J., Lahive, E., & Svendsen, C. (2017) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.190 · Cited by 3,756 · see citing works
Alimi, O. S., Farner Budarz, J., Hernandez, L. M., & Tufenkji, N. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b05559 · Cited by 2,668 · see citing works
Transport and fate of microplastic particles in wastewater treatment plants
Carr, S. A., Jin, L., & Tesoro, A. G. (2016) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2016.01.002 · Cited by 1,840 · see citing works
Duis, K., & Coors, A. (2016) · Environmental Sciences Europe · doi:10.1186/s12302-015-0069-y · Cited by 1,803 · see citing works
Plastics in soil: Analytical methods and possible sources
Bläsing, M., & Amelung, W. (2018) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.086 · Cited by 1,655 · see citing works
Mintenig, S. M., Int-Veen, I., Löder, M. G. J., Primpke, S., & Gerdts, G. (2016) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2016.11.015 · Cited by 1,490 · see citing works
Export of Plastic Debris by Rivers into the Sea
Schmidt, C., Krauth, T., & Wagner, S. (2017) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b02368 · Cited by 1,418 · see citing works
A Global Perspective on Microplastics
Hale, R. C., Seeley, M. E., Guardia, M. J. L., Mai, L., & Zeng, E. Y. (2020) · Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans · doi:10.1029/2018jc014719 · Cited by 1,393 · see citing works
The distribution of microplastics in soil aggregate fractions in southwestern China
Zhang, G., & Liu, Y. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.004 · Cited by 1,334 · see citing works
Agricultural plastic mulching as a source of microplastics in the terrestrial environment
Huang, Y., Liu, Q., Jia, W., Yan, C., & Wang, J. (2020) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114096 · Cited by 1,348 · see citing works
Lares, M., Ncibi, M. C., Sillanpää, M., & Sillanpää, M. E. T. (2018) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2018.01.049 · Cited by 1,337 · see citing works
Methods for sampling and detection of microplastics in water and sediment: A critical review
Prata, J. C., da Costa, J. P., Duarte, A. C., & Rocha‐Santos, T. (2018) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2018.10.029 · Cited by 1,297 · see citing works
A Procedure for Measuring Microplastics using Pressurized Fluid Extraction
Fuller, S., & Gautam, A. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b00816 · Cited by 1,224 · see citing works
Microplastics in Taihu Lake, China
Su, L., Xue, Y., Li, L., Yang, D., Kolandhasamy, P., Li, D., & Shi, H. (2016) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.06.036 · Cited by 1,213 · see citing works
Chemical Analysis of Microplastics and Nanoplastics: Challenges, Advanced Methods, and Perspectives
Ivleva, N. P. (2021) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00178 · Cited by 1,172 · see citing works
Microplastic Pollution in Table Salts from China
Yang, D., Shi, H., Li, L., Li, J., Jabeen, K., & Kolandhasamy, P. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b03163 · Cited by 1,129 · see citing works
Analysis of environmental microplastics by vibrational microspectroscopy: FTIR, Raman or both?
Kaeppler, A., Fischer, D., Oberbeckmann, S., Schernewski, G., Labrenz, M., Eichhorn, K., & Voit, B. I. (2016) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-016-9956-3 · Cited by 1,112 · see citing works
Kumar, R., Verma, A., Shome, A., Sinha, R., Sinha, S., Jha, P. K., Kumar, R., Kumar, P., Shubham, Das, S., et al. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13179963 · Cited by 1,111 · see citing works
Environmental source, fate, and toxicity of microplastics
Wang, C., Zhao, J. L., & Xing, B. (2020) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124357 · Cited by 1,093 · see citing works
Microplastics in sewage sludge from the wastewater treatment plants in China
Li, X., Chen, L., Mei, Q., Dong, B., Dai, X., Ding, G., & Zeng, E. Y. (2018) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2018.05.034 · Cited by 1,035 · see citing works
Microplastics profile along the Rhine River
Mani, T., Hauk, A., Walter, U., & Burkhardt-Holm, P. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep17988 · Cited by 1,010 · see citing works
Microplastic contamination of river beds significantly reduced by catchment-wide flooding
Hurley, R., Woodward, J., & Rothwell, J. J. (2018) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/s41561-018-0080-1 · Cited by 1,003 · see citing works
Assessment of microplastics in freshwater systems: A review
Li, C., Busquets, R., & Campos, L. C. (2019) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135578 · Cited by 963 · see citing works
Horton, A. A., Svendsen, C., Williams, R. J., Spurgeon, D. J., & Lahive, E. (2016) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.09.004 · Cited by 953 · see citing works
Microplastic in Aquatic Ecosystems
Ivleva, N. P., Wiesheu, A. C., & Nießner, R. (2016) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201606957 · Cited by 951 · see citing works
Microplastics in surface waters and sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China
Di, M., & Wang, J. (2017) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.150 · Cited by 945 · see citing works
Fate of nano- and microplastic in freshwater systems: A modeling study
Besseling, E., Quik, J. T. K., Sun, M., & Koelmans, A. A. (2017) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.001 · Cited by 919 · see citing works
Distribution of plastic polymer types in the marine environment; A meta-analysis
Erni-Cassola, G., Zadjelovic, V., Gibson, M. I., & Christie-Oleza, J. A. (2019) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.067 · Cited by 874 · see citing works
Microplastics in aquatic environments: Occurrence, accumulation, and biological effects
Xu, S., Ma, J., Ji, R., Pan, K., & Miao, A. (2019) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134699 · Cited by 882 · see citing works
Rodrigues, M., Abrantes, N., Gonçalves, F. J. M., Nogueira, H. I. S., Marques, J. C., & Gonçalves, A. M. M. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.233 · Cited by 847 · see citing works
Akdoğan, Z., & Güven, B. (2019) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113011 · Cited by 829 · see citing works
Ecotoxicological effects of microplastics on biota: a review
Anbumani, S., & Kakkar, P. (2018) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-018-1999-x · Cited by 818 · see citing works
Nizzetto, L., Bussi, G., Futter, M. N., Butterfield, D., & Whitehead, P. G. (2016) · Environmental Science Processes & Impacts · doi:10.1039/c6em00206d · Cited by 807 · see citing works
Wang, J., Peng, J., Tan, Z. D., Gao, Y., Zhan, Z., Chen, Q., & Cai, L. (2016) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.074 · Cited by 791 · see citing works
Ding, J., Zhang, S., Razanajatovo, R. M., Zou, H., & Zhu, W. (2018) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.001 · Cited by 766 · see citing works
Lagarde, F., Olivier, O., Zanella, M., Daniel, P., Hiard, S., & Caruso, A. (2016) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.006 · Cited by 738 · see citing works
Chen, Q., Gundlach, M., Yang, S., Jiang, J., Velki, M., Yin, D., & Hollert, H. (2017) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.156 · Cited by 741 · see citing works
Plastic Debris in 29 Great Lakes Tributaries: Relations to Watershed Attributes and Hydrology
Baldwin, A. K., Corsi, S. R., & Mason, S. A. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b02917 · Cited by 739 · see citing works
Selective enrichment of bacterial pathogens by microplastic biofilm
Wu, X., Pan, J., Li, M., Li, Y., Bartlam, M. G., & Wang, Y. (2019) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2019.114979 · Cited by 719 · see citing works
FTIR and Raman imaging for microplastics analysis: State of the art, challenges and prospects
Xu, J.-L., Thomas, K. V., Luo, Z., & Gowen, A. A. (2019) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2019.115629 · Cited by 716 · see citing works
Ma, B., Xue, W., Hu, C., Liu, H., Qu, J., & Li, L. (2018) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2018.11.155 · Cited by 716 · see citing works
Phytoplankton response to polystyrene microplastics: Perspective from an entire growth period
Mao, Y., Ai, H., Chen, Y., Zhang, Z., Zeng, P., Kang, L., Li, W., Gu, W., He, Q., & Li, H. (2018) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.170 · Cited by 713 · see citing works
Peng, G., Xu, P., Zhu, B., Bai, M., & Li, D. (2017) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.034 · Cited by 703 · see citing works
Sorption of non-polar organic compounds by micro-sized plastic particles in aqueous solution
Hüffer, T., & Hofmann, T. (2016) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.018 · Cited by 683 · see citing works
Freshwater plastic pollution: Recognizing research biases and identifying knowledge gaps.
Blettler, M., Abrial, E., Khan, F., Sivri, N., & Espínola, L. (2018) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.015 · Cited by 568 · see citing works
Schwarz, A., Ligthart, T. N., Boukris, E., & van Harmelen, T. (2019) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.04.029 · Cited by 660 · see citing works
A Review on Photocatalysis Used For Wastewater Treatment: Dye Degradation
Kumari, H., Sonia, Suman, Ranga, R., Chahal, S., Devi, S., Sharma, S., Kumar, S., Kumar, P., Kumar, S., et al. (2023) · Water Air & Soil Pollution · doi:10.1007/s11270-023-06359-9 · Cited by 654 · see citing works
Effects of micro- and nanoplastics on aquatic ecosystems: Current research trends and perspectives
Chae, Y., & An, Y. (2017) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.070 · Cited by 652 · see citing works
The fate of microplastics in an Italian Wastewater Treatment Plant
Magni, S., Binelli, A., Pittura, L., Avio, C. G., Torre, C. D., Parenti, C. C., Gorbi, S., & Regoli, F. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.269 · Cited by 655 · see citing works
Microplastic pollution of lakeshore sediments from remote lakes in Tibet plateau, China
Zhang, K., Su, J., Xiong, X., Xiang, W., Wu, C., & Liu, J. (2016) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.048 · Cited by 619 · see citing works
Sources and distribution of microplastics in China's largest inland lake – Qinghai Lake
Xiong, X., Zhang, K., Chen, X., Shi, H., Luo, Z., & Wu, C. (2018) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.081 · Cited by 629 · see citing works
Fischer, E. K., Paglialonga, L., Czech, E., & Tamminga, M. (2016) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.03.012 · Cited by 610 · see citing works
Shini, S., & Ramasamy, E. V. (2016) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.038 · Cited by 615 · see citing works
Distinct community structure and microbial functions of biofilms colonizing microplastics
Miao, L., Wang, P., Hou, J., Yao, Y., Liu, Z., Liu, S., & Li, T. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.378 · Cited by 603 · see citing works
Export of microplastics from land to sea. A modelling approach
Siegfried, M., Koelmans, A. A., Besseling, E., & Kroeze, C. (2017) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.011 · Cited by 601 · see citing works
Microplastic pollution in the rivers of the Tibet Plateau
Jiang, C., Yin, L., Li, Z., Wen, X., Luo, X., Hu, S., Yang, H., Long, Y., Deng, B., Huang, L., et al. (2019) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.022 · Cited by 578 · see citing works
Zhang, K., Xiong, X., Hu, H., Wu, C., Bi, Y., Wu, Y., Zhou, B., Lam, P. K. S., & Liu, J. (2017) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b00369 · Cited by 577 · see citing works
Veerasingam, S., Ranjani, M., Venkatachalapathy, R., Bagaev, A., Mukhanov, V., Litvinyuk, D. A., Mugilarasan, M., Gurumoorthi, K., Guganathan, L., Aboobacker, V. M., et al. (2020) · Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/10643389.2020.1807450 · Cited by 579 · see citing works
Effects of microplastics on greenhouse gas emissions and the microbial community in fertilized soil
Ren, X., Tang, J., Liu, X., & Liu, Q. (2019) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113347 · Cited by 560 · see citing works
Validation of density separation for the rapid recovery of microplastics from sediment
Quinn, B., Murphy, F., & Ewins, C. (2016) · Analytical Methods · doi:10.1039/c6ay02542k · Cited by 553 · see citing works
Zhang, K., Shi, H., Peng, J., Wang, Y., Xiong, X., Wu, C., & Lam, P. K. S. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.300 · Cited by 542 · see citing works
Are we underestimating the sources of microplastic pollution in terrestrial environment?
Xu, C., Zhang, B., Gu, C., Shen, C., Yin, S., Aamir, M., & Li, F. (2020) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123228 · Cited by 530 · see citing works
Environmental occurrences, fate, and impacts of microplastics
Wu, P., Huang, J., Zheng, Y., Yang, Y., Zhang, Y., He, F., Chen, H., Quan, G., Yan, J., Li, T., et al. (2019) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109612 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
van Emmerik, T. H. M., & Schwarz, A. (2019) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Water · doi:10.1002/wat2.1398 · Cited by 548 · see citing works
Microplastics in freshwater sediment: A review on methods, occurrence, and sources
Yang, L., Zhang, Y., Kang, S., Wang, Z., & Wu, C. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141948 · Cited by 510 · see citing works
Primpke, S., Christiansen, S. H., Cowger, W., Frond, H. D., Deshpande, A. D., Fischer, M., Holland, E. B., Meyns, M., O’Donnell, B. A., Oßmann, B. E., et al. (2020) · Applied Spectroscopy · doi:10.1177/0003702820921465 · Cited by 496 · see citing works
Rehse, S., Kloas, W., & Zarfl, C. (2016) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.133 · Cited by 487 · see citing works
Nel, H. A., Dalu, T., & Wasserman, R. J. (2018) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.298 · Cited by 490 · see citing works
Cheung, P. K., & Fok, L. (2017) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.05.053 · Cited by 490 · see citing works
A review of analytical techniques for quantifying microplastics in sediments
Hanvey, J. S., Lewis, P. J., Lavers, J. L., Crosbie, N. D., Pozo, K., & Clarke, B. O. (2016) · Analytical Methods · doi:10.1039/c6ay02707e · Cited by 481 · see citing works
Kane, I. A., & Clare, M. A. (2019) · Frontiers in Earth Science · doi:10.3389/feart.2019.00080 · Cited by 476 · see citing works
Removal characteristics of microplastics by Fe-based coagulants during drinking water treatment
Ma, B., Xue, W., Ding, Y., Hu, C., Liu, H., & Qu, J. (2018) · Journal of Environmental Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jes.2018.10.006 · Cited by 476 · see citing works
Strungaru, Ș.-A., Jijie, R., Nicoară, M., Plavan, G. I., & Faggio, C. (2018) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2018.10.025 · Cited by 473 · see citing works
Waldschläger, K., & Schüttrumpf, H. (2019) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b06794 · Cited by 473 · see citing works
Microplastics play a minor role in tetracycline sorption in the presence of dissolved organic matter
Xu, B., Liu, F., Brookes, P. C., & Xu, J. M. (2018) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.113 · Cited by 461 · see citing works
Worldwide distribution and abundance of microplastic: How dire is the situation?
Hamid, F. S., Bhatti, M. S., Norkhairiyah, A., Norkhairah, A., Mohan, P., & Periathamby, A. (2018) · Waste Management & Research The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy · doi:10.1177/0734242x18785730 · Cited by 463 · see citing works
Tiwari, M., Rathod, T. D., Ajmal, P. Y., Bhangare, R. C., & Sahu, S. K. (2019) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.01.055 · Cited by 456 · see citing works
Feeding type and development drive the ingestion of microplastics by freshwater invertebrates
Scherer, C., Brennholt, N., Reifferscheid, G., & Wagner, M. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-17191-7 · Cited by 448 · see citing works
Microplastics in the environment: Interactions with microbes and chemical contaminants
Mammo, F. K., Amoah, I. D., Gani, K. M., Pillay, L., Ratha, S. K., Bux, F., & Kumari, S. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140518 · Cited by 451 · see citing works
Koutnik, V. S., Leonard, J., Alkidim, S., DePrima, F. J., Ravi, S., Hoek, E., & Mohanty, S. (2021) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116552 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Occurrence of microplastics in landfill systems and their fate with landfill age
Su, Y., Zhang, Z., Wu, D., Zhan, L., Shi, H., & Xie, B. (2019) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2019.114968 · Cited by 432 · see citing works
Microplastics Are Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Freshwater Environments: An Overview
Lambert, S., & Wagner, M. (2017) · The handbook of environmental chemistry · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-61615-5_1 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
Comparative assessment of microplastics in water and sediment of a large European river
Scherer, C., Weber, A., Stock, F., Vurusic, S., Egerci, H., Kochleus, C., Arendt, N., Földi, C., Dierkes, G., Wagner, M., et al. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139866 · Cited by 425 · see citing works
Peters, C. A., & Bratton, S. P. (2016) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.018 · Cited by 409 · see citing works
Sorption of pharmaceuticals and personal care products to polyethylene debris
Wu, C., Zhang, K., Huang, X., & Liu, J. (2016) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-016-6121-7 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Napper, I. E., Baroth, A., Barrett, A. C., Bhola, S., Chowdhury, G. W., Davies, B. F. R., Duncan, E. M., Kumar, S., Nelms, S. E., Niloy, M. N. H., et al. (2021) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116348 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
Microplastics in freshwater: A global review of factors affecting spatial and temporal variations
Talbot, R., & Chang, H. (2021) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118393 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Emissions of microplastic fibers from microfiber fleece during domestic washing
Pirc, U., Vidmar, M., Mozer, A., & Kržan, A. (2016) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-016-7703-0 · Cited by 397 · see citing works
Underestimated Microplastic Pollution Derived from Fishery Activities and “Hidden” in Deep Sediment
Xue, B., Zhang, L., Li, R., Wang, Y., Guo, J. K., Yu, K., & Wang, S. (2020) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b04850 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Occurrence of microplastics in the beach sand of the Chinese inner sea: the Bohai Sea
Yu, X., Peng, J., Wang, J., Wang, K., & Bao, S. (2016) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.080 · Cited by 384 · see citing works
Abundance, Distribution, and Drivers of Microplastic Contamination in Urban River Environments
Tibbetts, J., Krause, S., Lynch, I., & Smith, G. H. S. (2018) · Water · doi:10.3390/w10111597 · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of Italian Subalpine Lakes
Sighicelli, M., Pietrelli, L., Lecce, F., Iannilli, V., Falconieri, M., Coscia, L., Vito, S. D., Nuglio, S., & Zampetti, G. (2018) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.008 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Microplastics and their possible sources: The example of Ofanto river in southeast Italy
Campanale, C., Stock, F., Massarelli, C., Kochleus, C., Bagnuolo, G., Reifferscheid, G., & Uricchio, V. F. (2019) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113284 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
First evidence of microplastic contamination in the supraglacial debris of an alpine glacier
Ambrosini, R., Azzoni, R. S., Pittino, F., Diolaiuti, G., Franzetti, A., & Parolini, M. (2019) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.005 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
Amrutha, K., & Warrier, A. K. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140377 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Ju, H., Zhu, D., & Qiao, M. (2019) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.097 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Microplastic pollution in water and sediment in a textile industrial area
Deng, H., Wei, R., Luo, W., Hu, L., Li, B., Di, Y., & Shi, H. (2019) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113658 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Microplastic Effect Thresholds for Freshwater Benthic Macroinvertebrates
Redondo-Hasselerharm, P. E., Falahudin, D., Peeters, E. T. H. M., & Koelmans, A. A. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b05367 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Aging of microplastics increases their adsorption affinity towards organic contaminants
Bhagat, K., Barrios, A. C., Rajwade, K., Kumar, A., Oswald, J., Apul, O. G., & Perreault, F. (2022) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134238 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
Is incineration the terminator of plastics and microplastics?
Yang, Z., Lü, F., Zhang, H., Wang, W., Shao, L., Ye, J., & He, P. (2020) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123429 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
- Authors
- Klein, S., Worch, E., & Knepper, T. P.
- Affiliations
- Hochschule Fresenius (DE)
- Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Knepper, Thomas P.
- ORCID
- Knepper, Thomas P.
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2015-05-06
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 6070-6076
- ISSN
- 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5851
- OpenAlex
- W2330525815
- Cited by
- 1,181
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 63 · 2025: 112 · 2024: 141 · 2023: 138 · 2022: 172 · 2021: 156 · 2020: 152 · 2019: 87 · 2018: 81 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 32.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Environmental Science & Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Wasserchemischen Gesellschaft
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Waste Management and Recycling
- Keywords
- microplastics, Rhine River, Main River, freshwater sediments, spatial distribution, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, plastic pellets, plastic transport, plastic pollution, inland rivers
- MeSH terms
- Environmental Monitoring, Germany, Particle Size, Plastics, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Geologic Sediments, Rivers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review