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The human BDNF gene: peripheral gene expression and protein levels as biomarkers for psychiatric disorders

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Cattaneo, A, Cattane, N, Begni, V, Pariante, C M, Riva, M A·2016·Translational Psychiatry
DOI 10.1038/tp.2016.214PMC PMC5314126
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Abstract

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulates the survival and growth of neurons, and influences synaptic efficiency and plasticity. The human BDNF gene consists of 11 exons, and distinct BDNF transcripts are produced through the use of alternative promoters and splicing events. The majority of the BDNF transcripts can be detected not only in the brain but also in the blood cells, although no study has yet investigated the differential expression of BDNF transcripts at the peripheral level. This review provides a description of the human BDNF gene structure as well as a summary of clinical and preclinical evidence supporting the role of BDNF in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. We will discuss several mechanisms as possibly underlying BDNF modulation, including epigenetic mechanisms. We will also discuss the potential use of peripheral BDNF as a biomarker for psychiatric disorders, focusing on the factors that can influence BDNF gene expression and protein levels. Within this context, we have also characterized, for we believe the first time, the expression of BDNF transcripts in the blood, with the aim to provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms and signaling that may regulate peripheral BDNF gene expression levels.

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  • BDNF is a neurotrophic factor that facilitates neurogenesis globally in the CNS.

    “Recall that BDNF is a neurotrophic factor that facilitates neurogenesis globally in the CNS (Cattaneo et al., 2016).”

    From The Epigenetics of Anxiety Pathophysiology: A DNA Methylation and Histone Modification Focused Review (2023) · cites this paper as Cattaneo et al., 2016

    The ‘BDNF and the vulnerability to psychiatric disorders’ section (page not available) identifies BDNF as a CNS neurotrophin that supports neuronal survival and differentiation. The ‘MicroRNAs targeting BDNF’ section (page not available) reports enhanced neurogenesis alongside increased BDNF expression in an Alzheimer’s disease study, but the paper does not establish that BDNF facilitates neurogenesis globally throughout the CNS. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • BDNF contains several functional exons, and its expression levels, transcripts, and associated epigenetic markers vary per brain region by use of alternative splicing and promoters.

    “BDNF contains several functional exons, and its expression levels, transcripts, and associated epigenetic markers vary per brain region by use of alternative splicing and promoters (Cattaneo et al., 2016).”

    From The Epigenetics of Anxiety Pathophysiology: A DNA Methylation and Histone Modification Focused Review (2023) · cites this paper as Cattaneo et al., 2016

    The “human BDNF gene: structure and transcript variants” section (page unavailable) describes multiple exons, brain-region-specific promoter use, and transcripts generated by alternative splicing. The “DNA methylation” section (page unavailable) discusses epigenetic regulation of BDNF promoters, but does not establish that epigenetic markers vary by brain region through alternative splicing and promoter use. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Several studies agree that BDNF serum levels fail to act as biomarkers for anxiety since dysregulated expression of this factor is present in multiple psychiatric illnesses including depression and schizophrenia.

    “Several studies agree that BDNF serum levels fail to act as biomarkers for anxiety since dysregulated expression of this factor is present in multiple psychiatric illnesses including depression and schizophrenia (Molendijk et al., 2012; Carlino et al., 2015; Cattaneo et al., 2016).”

    From The Epigenetics of Anxiety Pathophysiology: A DNA Methylation and Histone Modification Focused Review (2023) · cites this paper as Cattaneo et al., 2016

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Authors
Cattaneo, A., Cattane, N., Begni, V, Pariante, C. M., & Riva, M. A.
Affiliations
  • King's College London (GB)
  • University of Milan (IT)
Corresponding author
Cattaneo, A
ORCID
Venue
Translational Psychiatry
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2016-11-22
Volume
6
Issue
11
Pages
e958-e958
ISSN
2158-3188 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1038/tp.2016.214
PMC
PMC5314126
OpenAlex
W2549902875
Cited by
244
References
19
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 6
FWCI
1.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Translational Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Keywords
brain-derived neurotrophic factor, alternative splicing, alternative promoters, mental illness, epigenetic regulation, synaptic plasticity
MeSH terms
Animals, Mental Disorders, Brain, Gene Expression Regulation, Genetic Markers, Humans, Reference Values, Transcription, Genetic, Epigenesis, Genetic

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Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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