Non-contact actuation of triple-shape effect in multiphase polymer network nanocomposites in alternating magnetic field
Abstract
Triple-shape polymers (TSP) can memorize two independent shapes, which are recovered when the temperature is subsequently increased. Certain applications do not allow triggering of the triple-shape effect (TSE) by environmental heating (e.g. potential damaging of surrounding tissue) and therefore require a non-contact activation. Here we explored whether polymer nanocomposites can be designed, which enable non-contact activation of TSE in an alternating magnetic field. A series of nanocomposites were synthesized by incorporation of silica coated iron(III)oxide nanoparticles into a polymer network matrix containing poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate) (PCHMA) segments. Triple-shape functionalization of the materials was realized by application of different thermomechanical procedures (single or two dual-step), in which samples were deformed by bending to minimize changes in S/V ratio during shape recovery. For quantification of triple-shape properties inductive heating experiments were conducted in an alternating magnetic field at frequency of f = 258 kHz. By increasing the magnetic field strength H the triple-shape effect was triggered, while the maximum achievable temperature Tmax and the shape change was monitored using an infrared video camera. Excellent triple-shape properties were achieved for nanocomposites containing 40 wt-% of PCL exhibiting a two-step recovery of shapes B and C, when stimulated by step-wise increasing the magnetic field strength. In this way the TSE could be characterized by two distinct switching magnetic strengths Hsw,1(A → B) and Hsw,2(B → C) corresponding to the switching temperatures determined in cyclic, thermomechanical tensile tests for thermally-induced TSP.
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Filling a triple-SMP with silica-coated nano iron(III) oxide particles and stepwise increasing magnetic field strength from 14.6 and 29.4 kA/m produced triple-shape memory behavior.
“With the stepwise increases of the magnetic field strength from H ¼ 14.6 and 29.4 kA/m, tripleshape memory behavior was observed.”
From A review of stimuli-responsive shape memory polymer composites (2013) · cites this paper as [382]
A triple-SMP filled with silica-coated iron(III) oxide nanoparticles programmed using the one-step method achieved non-contact actuation of the triple-SME using an alternating magnetic field.
“For example, Kumar et al. [382] programmed a triple-SMP filled with silica-coated iron(III)oxide nanoparticles using the one-step method.Non-contact actuation of the triple-SME using an alternating magnetic field was achieved.”
From A review of stimuli-responsive shape memory polymer composites (2013) · cites this paper as [382]
Embedding silica coated Fe2O3 nanoparticles in PCL/PCHMA matrix and applying one or two step shape programming unveiled triple-shape properties in alternating magnetic field.
“The authors embedded silica coated Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles in a (PCL/poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate) (PCHMA)) matrix, applied a one or two step shape programming procedure and unveiled triple-shape properties in an alternating magnetic field.”
From Review on the Functional Determinants and Durability of Shape Memory Polymers (2010) · cites this paper as [215]
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- Authors
- Kumar, U. N., Kratz, K., Wagermaier, W., Behl, M., & Lendlein, A.
- Affiliations
- Research Institute Bioactive Polymer Systems (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Lendlein, A.
- Venue
- Journal of Materials Chemistry
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2010
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 17
- Pages
- 3404
- ISSN
- 0959-9428 (ISSN-L)
- 1364-5501
- OpenAlex
- W2046440150
- Cited by
- 148
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 31.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Materials Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Advanced Materials and Mechanics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer composites and self-healing
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Dielectric materials and actuators
- Keywords
- non-contact actuation, alternating magnetic field, polymer nanocomposites, silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles, polycaprolactone, poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate), induction heating, shape memory polymers
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