Mechanisms Underlying the Cholesterol-Lowering Properties of Soluble Dietary Fibre Polysaccharides
Abstract
A number of studies have shown a positive relationship between diets rich in soluble dietary fibres (SDF) such as β-glucan, pectin, guar gum and psyllium, and reduced serum cholesterol and thus a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Three major biological mechanisms have been proposed to explain the cholesterol-reducing effects of SDF: prevention of bile salt (BS) re-absorption from the small intestine leading to an excess faecal BS excretion; reduced glycemic response leading to lower insulin stimulation of hepatic cholesterol synthesis; and physiological effects of fermentation products of SDF, mainly propionate. Evidence for the latter mechanism is inconclusive, whereas in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro experiments suggest that BS micelles "bind" to SDF preventing their re-absorption. Whereas, glycemic responses to SDF have been studied extensively, the nature of interactions between bile salt micelles and SDF that lead to incomplete BS re-absorption are poorly defined. Three potential physicochemical mechanisms are proposed together with suggestions for in vitro experiments to test them.
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Mechanisms associated with increased secretion of bile acids and reduced absorption of cholesterol by EPS were also proposed.
“mechanisms associated with increased secretion of bile acids and reduced absorption of cholesterol by EPS were also proposed [138,139,140].”
From Lactic Acid Bacteria Exopolysaccharides Producers: A Sustainable Tool for Functional Foods (2021) · cites this paper as [140]
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- Authors
- Gunness, P., & Gidley, M. J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Gidley, Michael John
- Venue
- Food & Function
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2010
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 149
- ISSN
- 2042-6496 (ISSN-L)
- 2042-650X
- OpenAlex
- W2030427706
- Cited by
- 527
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 1.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Food & Function (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Murdoch University Research Portal (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- soluble dietary fiber, cholesterol-lowering effect, serum cholesterol, bile salt micelles, β-glucan, pectin, guar gum, psyllium, glycemic response, hepatic cholesterol synthesis, propionate, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Anticholesteremic Agents, Bile Acids and Salts, Dietary Fiber, Female, Humans, Intestinal Absorption, Male, Polysaccharides, Solubility
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