Surpassing the lateral resolution limit by a factor of two using structured illumination microscopy: SHORT COMMUNICATION
Open accessAbstract
Lateral resolution that exceeds the classical diffraction limit by a factor of two is achieved by using spatially structured illumination in a wide-field fluorescence microscope. The sample is illuminated with a series of excitation light patterns, which cause normally inaccessible high-resolution information to be encoded into the observed image. The recorded images are linearly processed to extract the new information and produce a reconstruction with twice the normal resolution. Unlike confocal microscopy, the resolution improvement is achieved with no need to discard any of the emission light. The method produces images of strikingly increased clarity compared to both conventional and confocal microscopes.
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3D-SIM enables 2X the resolution of light microscopy.
“3D structural illumination microscopy (3D-SIM), a technique enabling 2X the resolution of light microscopy (Gustafsson, 2000), was used to assess the P5 dLGN of CX3CR1+/EGFP mice immunolabeled for VGlut2.”
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- Authors
- Gustafsson, M. G. L.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gustafsson, M. G. L.
- Venue
- Journal of Microscopy
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2000-05
- Volume
- 198
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 82-87
- ISSN
- 0022-2720 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2818
- OpenAlex
- W2149241780
- Cited by
- 3,786
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 164 · 2025: 252 · 2024: 265 · 2023: 249 · 2022: 238 · 2021: 307 · 2020: 274 · 2019: 306 · 2018: 249 · 2017: 271 · 2016: 207 · 2015: 212 · 2014: 189 · 2013: 152 · 2012: 103
- FWCI
- 6.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Microscopy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM 31627, GM 25101, R01GM025101, R01GM031627)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Optical measurement and interference techniques
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Keywords
- structured illumination microscopy, lateral resolution, diffraction limit, wide-field fluorescence microscopy, image reconstruction, super-resolution imaging, linear processing
- MeSH terms
- Actins, Cytoskeleton, Fourier Analysis, HeLa Cells, Humans, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Microscopy, Confocal
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Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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